Investigation of Hydrogen Diffusion Profile of Different Metallic Materials for a Better Understanding of Hydrogen Embrittlement

Year 2023, , 1775 - 1784, 01.12.2023

Mehmet Fazil Kapci Burak Bal

https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.1090824

Cited By: 1

Abstract

In this study, hydrogen diffusion profiles of different metallic materials were investigated. To model hydrogen diffusion, 1D and 2D mass diffusion models were prepared in MATLAB. Iron, nickel and titanium were selected as a material of choice to represent body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, and hexagonal closed paced crystal structures, respectively. In addition, hydrogen back diffusion profiles were also modeled after certain baking times. Current results reveal that hydrogen diffusion depth depends on the microstructure, energy barrier model, temperature, and charging time. In addition, baking can help for back diffusion of hydrogen and can be utilized as hydrogen embrittlement prevention method. Since hydrogen diffusion is very crucial step to understand and evaluate hydrogen embrittlement, current set of results constitutes an important guideline for hydrogen diffusion calculations and ideal baking time for hydrogen back diffusion for different materials. Furthermore, these results can be used to evaluate hydrogen content inside the material over expensive and hard to find experimental facilities such as, thermal desorption spectroscopy.

Keywords

Hydrogen embrittlement, Hydrogen diffusion, Mass diffusion, Hydrogen embrittlement prevention, Microstructure

References

• [1] Liang, Y. and Sofronis, P., “Toward a phenomenological description of hydrogen-induced decohesion at particle/matrix interfaces”, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 51: 1509–1531, (2003).
• [2] Tiwari, G. P., Bose, A., Chakravartty, J. K., Wadekar, S. L., and Totlani, M. K., “A study of internal hydrogen embrittlement of steels”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 286: 269–281, (2000).
• [3] Bal, B., Sahin, I., Uzun, A., and Canadinc, D., “A New Venue Toward Predicting the Role of Hydrogen Embrittlement on Metallic Materials”, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 47: 5409–5422, (2016).
• [4] Birnbaum, H. K. and Sofronis, P., “Hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity-a mechanism for hydrogen-related fracture,” Materials Science and Engineering A, 176: 191–202, (1994).
• [5] Gerberich, W. W., Stauffer, D. D., and Sofronis, P., “A coexistent view of hydrogen effects on mechanical behavior of crystals: HELP and HEDE”, International Hydrogen Conference - Effects of Hydrogen on Materials, 38–45 (2009).
• [6] Djukic, M. B., Zeravcic, V. S., Bakic, G. M., Sedmak, A., and Rajicic, B., “Hydrogen damage of steels : A case study and hydrogen embrittlement model,” Engineering Failure Analysis, 58: 485–498, (2015).
• [7] Bal, B., Koyama, M., Gerstein, G., Maier, H. J., and Tsuzaki, K., “Effect of strain rate on hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of twinning-induced plasticity steel pre-charged with high-pressure hydrogen gas”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41: 15362–15372, (2016).
• [8] Koyama, M., Tasan, C. C., Akiyama, E., Tsuzaki, K., and Raabe, D., “Hydrogen-assisted decohesion and localized plasticity in dual-phase steel,” Acta Materialia, 70: 174–187, (2014).
• [9] He, Y., Li, Y., Chen, C., and Yu, H., “Diffusion coefficient of hydrogen interstitial atom in Α-Fe, Γ-Fe and ε-Fe crystals by first-principle calculations”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42: 27438–27445, (2017).
• [10] Hirata, K., Iikubo, S., Koyama, M., Tsuzaki, K., and Ohtani, H., “First-Principles Study on Hydrogen Diffusivity in BCC, FCC, and HCP Iron”, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 49: 5015–5022, (2018).
• [11] Jiang, D. E. and Carter, E. A., “Diffusion of interstitial hydrogen into and through bcc Fe from first principles”, Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 70: (2004).
• [12] Sanchez, J., Fullea, J., Andrade, C., and De Andres, P. L., “Hydrogen in α -iron: Stress and diffusion”, Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 78: 014113, (2008).
• [13] Di Stefano, D., Mrovec, M., and Elsässer, C., “First-principles investigation of quantum mechanical effects on the diffusion of hydrogen in iron and nickel”, Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 92: 224301, (2015).
• [14] Greeley, J. and Mavrikakis, M., “A first-principles study of surface and subsurface H on and in Ni(1 1 1): Diffusional properties and coverage-dependent behavior”, Surface Science, 540: 215–229, (2003).
• [15] Connétable, D., Huez, J., Andrieu, É., and Mijoule, C., “First-principles study of diffusion and interactions of vacancies and hydrogen in hcp-titanium”, Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, 23: 405401, (2011).
• [16] Lu, Y. and Zhang, P., “First-principles study of temperature-dependent diffusion coefficients: Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium in α-Ti”, Journal of Applied Physics, 113: 193502, (2013).
• [17] Ehrlin, N., Bjerkén, C., and Fisk, M., “Cathodic hydrogen charging of Inconel 718”, AIMS Materials Science, 3: 1350–1364, (2016).
• [18] Bal, B., Okdem, B., Bayram, F. C., and Aydin, M., “A detailed investigation of the effect of hydrogen on the mechanical response and microstructure of Al 7075 alloy under medium strain rate impact loading”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 45: 25509–25522, (2020).
• [19] Chatzidouros, E. V., Papazoglou, V. J., Tsiourva, T. E., and Pantelis, D. I., “Hydrogen effect on fracture toughness of pipeline steel welds, with in situ hydrogen charging”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36: 12626–12643, (2011).
• [20] Ronevich, J. A., De Cooman, B. C., Speer, J. G., De Moor, E., and Matlock, D. K., “Hydrogen Effects in Prestrained Transformation Induced Plasticity Steel,” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 43: 2293–2301, (2012).
• [21] Takakuwa, O., Ohmi, T., Nishikawa, M., Yokobori Jr., A. T., and Soyama, H., “Suppression of fatigue crack propagation with hydrogen embrittlement in stainless steel by cavitation peening”, Strength, Fracture and Complexity, 7: 79–85, (2011).
• [22] Hino, M., Mukai, S., Shimada, T., Okada, K., and Horikawa, K., “Inferences of Baking Time on Hydrogen Embrittlement for High Strength Steel Treated with Various Zinc Based Electroplating”, Materials Science Forum, 1016: 156–161, (2021).
• [23] Oudriss, A., Fleurentin, A., Courlit, G., Conforto, E., Berziou, C., Rébéré, C., Cohendoz, S., Sobrino, J.M., Creus, J., Feaugas, X., “Consence of the diffusive hydrogen contents on tensile properties of martensitic steel during the desorption at room temperature”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 598: 420–428, (2014).
• [24] Mohtadi-Bonab, M. A. and Ghesmati-Kucheki, H., “Important Factors on the Failure of Pipeline Steels with Focus on Hydrogen Induced Cracks and Improvement of Their Resistance: Review Paper”, Metals and Materials International, 25: 1109–1134, (2019).
• [25] Sk, M. H., Overfelt, R. A., and Abdullah, A. M., “Effects of microstructures on hydrogen induced cracking of electrochemically hydrogenated double notched tensile sample of 4340 steel”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 659: 242–255, (2016).
• [26] Völkl, J. and Alefeld, G., “Diffusion of hydrogen in metals”, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 321–348, (1978).
• [27] Kapci, M.F., “Investıgatıon of hydrogen embrıttlement by a multı-scale modellıng approach”, Master’s thesis, Graduate School of Engineering & Science Abdullah Gul University, (2021).
• [28] Christ, H.-J., Decker, M., and Zeitler, S., “Hydrogen diffusion coefficients in the titanium alloys IMI 834, Ti 10-2-3, Ti 21 S, and alloy C”, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 31: 1507–1517, (2000).
• [29] Chene, J., Lecoester, F., Brass, A. M., and Noel, D., “SIMS analysis of deuterium diffusion in alloy 600: The correlation between fracture mode and deuterium concentration profile,” Corrosion Science, 40: 49–60, (1998).
• [30] Dadfarnia, M., Nagao, A., Wang, S., Martin, M. L., Somerday, B. P., and Sofronis, P., “Recent advances on hydrogen embrittlement of structural materials”, International Journal of Fracture, 196: 223–243, (2015).
• [31] Shoda, H., Suzuki, H., Takai, K., and Hagihara, Y., “Hydrogen Desorption Behavior of Pure Iron and Inconel 625 during Elastic and Plastic Deformation”, ISIJ International, 50: 115–123, (2010).