Carbon Microrod Material Derived From Human Hair and Its Electrochemical Supercapacitor Application

Year 2021, , 695 - 708, 01.09.2021

Derya Bal Altuntaş , Sema Aslan , Vagif Nevruzoğlu

https://doi.org/10.35378/gujs.712032

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Here, Turkish human hair fibers were used as a carbon source at the synthesis of human hair-sourced activated carbons (HHC). During the synthesis of HHCs sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was added to the synthesis process for an elevated activation by calcination at different temperatures. Then obtained HHCs utilized for the modification of carbon paste electrode to evaluate the supercapacitance performance of this activated HHC. Electrochemical investigation of the HHC modified electrodes have been carried out by employing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The pore and surface properties and chemical structure of the HHCs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis and Raman spectroscopy. HHCs displayed a Type-IV isotherm, which indicates the existence of micro-mesoporous structure on the surface. Carbonization of the waste hair was performed by calcination to improve the pore facilities at three different temperatures (200-250-300 °C). The sample was named HHC-250 (HHC calcinated at 250°C) exhibited the best charge storage capacity when used at the modification of carbon paste electrode, among other HHCs with a 26.88 F g−1 specific capacitance value (in 6 M KOH at a scan rate of 100 mV s−1). Also, a very attainable supercapacitance stability was achieved from HHC-250 modified electrode after 1000 cycles. The presented electrode system exhibited an energy density of 3.73W h kg−1. This work can serve as a guideline for optimizing the performance of hair like biomass-derived carbons by matching their pore properties and detailed electrochemical performance investigations.

Keywords

Human hair, Supercapacitors, Electrochemical application, Carbon, Microrod

References

• [1] Liu, C., Li, F., Ma, L. P., Cheng, H. M., "Advanced Materials for Energy Storage", Adv. Mater., 22: 28-62, (2010).
• [2] Frackowiak, E., "Carbon materials for supercapacitor application", Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 9: 1774-1785, (2007).
• [3] Rani, J.R., Thangavel, R., Oh, S-I., Lee, Y.S., Jang, J-H., "An Ultra-High-Energy Density Supercapacitor; Fabrication Based on Thiol-functionalized Graphene Oxide Scrolls,Nanomaterials", Nanomaterials, 9: 148-160, (2019).
• [4] Wang, Q., Yan, J., Wang, Y., Wei, T., Zhang, M., Jing, X., Fan, Z., "Three-dimensional flower-like and hierarchical porous carbon materials as high-rate performance electrodes for supercapacitors", Carbon, 67: 119-127, (2014).
• [5] Obreja, V. V. N., "On the performance of supercapacitors with electrodes based on carbon nanotubes and carbon activated material", Physica E., 40: 2596-2605, (2008).
• [6] Huggins, R. A., "Supercapacitors and electrochemical pulse sources", Solid State Ionics, 134: 179-195, (2000).
• [7] Jayalakshmi, M., Balasubramanian, K., "Simple Capacitors to Supercapacitors", Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 3: 1196-1217, (2008).
• [8] Pech, D., Brunet, M., Durou, H., Huang, P., Mochalin, V., Gogotsi, Y., Taberna, P. L., Simon, P., "Ultrahigh-power micrometre-sized supercapacitors based on onion-like carbon", Nat. Nanotechnol., 5: 651–654, (2010).
• [9] Ahmed, S., Bhat, M. Y., Rafat, M., Hashmi, S. A., " Low-temperature thermal exfoliation of graphene oxide for high performance supercapacitor”, J. Mater. Sci. Surf. Eng., 22: 993-1002, (2017).
• [10] Simon, P., Gogotsi, Y., "Materials for electrochemical capacitors", Nat. Mater., 7: 845–854, (2008).