Toplu Beslenme Sistemleri Çalışanlarına Yönelik Besin Güvenliği Eğitiminin Çalışanların Besin Güvenliği Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı toplu beslenme sistemleri çalışanlarına yönelik farklı türde eğitim yöntemleri ile verilen besin güvenliği eğitiminin ve eğitim tekrarının çalışanların hijyen ve besin güvenliği bilgi düzeyi ve davranışları üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, üç farklı toplu beslenme hizmeti yapan kuruluşun (Bir üniversite öğrenci kafeteryası, bir üniversite hastane mutfağı ve bir sivil toplum kuruluşu kafeteryası) çalışanları üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Farklı eğitim yöntemleri (Teorik, iş başı ve hem teorik hem iş başı eğitim) ve eğitim tekrarının çalışanların bilgi düzeyleri, davranış ve tutumları üzerine etkisi eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrası uygulanan konuya yönelik soruları kapsayan bir anket yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Besin güvenliği bilgi düzeyleri “Besin kaynaklı patojenler ve besin zehirlenmesi”, “Besin çözdürme, pişirme, yeniden ısıtma ve soğutma”, “Kişisel hijyen ve çapraz bulaşma”, “Güvenli besin depolama” başlıklarına göre değerlendirilirken besin güvenliği tutum ve davranışları “Genel hijyen uygulamaları”, “Personel hijyeni”, “Çapraz bulaşma”, “Besin hijyeni” alt başlıklarına yönelik sorular ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Farklı yöntemlerle eğitim alan toplu beslenme çalışanlarının toplam besin güvenliği bilgi düzeyi puanlarının eğitim sonrasında eğitim öncesine göre arttığı saptanmıştır (p<0,001). Tutum ve davranış toplam puanlarının ise yalnızca hem iş başı hem teorik eğitim alan grupta artış gösterdiği tespit edilmiş (p<0,001), eğitim tekrarının toplu beslenme çalışanlarının besin güvenliğine yönelik tutum ve davranış düzeylerini etkilemediği saptanmıştır (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Eğitim türleri ve eğitim tekrarının besin güvenliği bilgi düzeyi, tutum ve davranışları üzerine etkisi vardır. Besin güvenliği eğitimi besin güvenliği bilgi düzeyi, tutum ve davranışlarını olumlu yönde etkiler, eğitim tekrarı ile bu etkinin daha kalıcı olmasını sağlayabilir.

Keywords

• Besin güvenliği
• eğitim
• toplu beslenme
• hijyen

The Effects of Food Safety Training for Food Handlers on Food Safety Knowledge and Behaviors of Food Service System Workers

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to examine the effects of food safety training and the repetition of the trainings which were given to food handlers with different training methods on the food hygiene and food safety knowledge and behaviors.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on the employees of three food services (A university cafeteria, a university hospital kitchen, and a non-governmental organization cafeteria). The effects of different training methods (Theoretical, on-the-job, both theoretical and on-the-job training) and training repetitions on the knowledge, behaviors and attitudes of the food handlers were evaluated with a questionnaire including training subjects before and after the training. Food safety knowledge were evaluated according to the "Foodborne pathogens and food poisoning", "Food thawing, cooking, reheating, and cooling", "Personal hygiene and cross contamination", "Food storage" subjects. Food safety attitudes and behaviors were assessed with questions related to "General hygiene practices", "Personnel hygiene", "Cross contamination" and "Food hygiene".
Results: Total food safety knowledge of the food handlers who were trained with different methods increased after the training compared to the pre-training (p<0.001). The attitude and behavior scores increased only in the group that received both on-the-job and theoretical training (p<0.001), whereas the repetition of training did not affect the attitudes and behaviors of food handler’s food safety (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Types and repetition of the training had effects on food safety knowledge and behaviors. Food safety training affects the level of food safety knowledge and behaviors positively, and the repetition of the training might make this effect more permanent.

Keywords

• Food safety
• training
• food service
• hygiene
• Besin güvenliği
• eğitim
• toplu beslenme
• hijyen

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