Anyonik tuzlarla beslenen gebe düvelerde metabolik değişikliklerin izlenmesinde dışkı pH’sı, idrar pH’sına alternatif bir gösterge olarak kullanılabilir mi?

Abstract

Bu çalışma, anyonik tuz takviyesinin gebe düvelerde idrar pH’sı, serum Brix değerleri, seçilmiş serum parametreleri ve dışkı özellikleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemiştir. Araştırma, doğumdan önceki son 14 gün boyunca 8 düve ile yürütülmüştür. Hayvanlara ya normal bir diyet ya da hafif metabolik asidoz oluşturacak şekilde formüle edilmiş anyonik bir diyet (150 g/gün amonyum klorür) uygulanmıştır. Deneme süreci başlamadan 7 gün önce anyonik tuzlar verilmeye başlanarak hayvanların anyonik diyete adaptasyonu sağlanmıştır. Doğumdan yaklaşık üç gün önce kan, idrar ve dışkı örnekleri alınarak biyokimyasal ve fiziksel analizler yapılmıştır. Bulgular, anyonik diyetle beslenen düvelerin idrar pH’sının normal diyetle beslenenlere göre anlamlı şekilde daha düşük olduğunu göstermiştir; bu durum beklenen metabolik asidifikasyonu doğrulamaktadır. Ayrıca, anyonik diyet grubunda serum klorür düzeyleri anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05), ancak kalsiyum ve fosfor gibi diğer biyokimyasal parametrelerde anlamlı bir değişiklik gözlenmemiştir. Aniyonik diyet dışkı partikül büyüklüğü dağılımını da etkilemiş; büyük partikül oranında anlamlı bir azalma, orta büyüklükteki partiküllerde ise artış gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuçlar, anyonik diyetlere yanıt olarak ortaya çıkan metabolik değişikliklerin izlenmesinde idrar pH’sının daha doğru bir gösterge olduğunu, dışkı özelliklerinin ise ikincil belirteçler olarak değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir. Dışkı pH’sının anyonik beslemeden daha az etkilenmiş olması, sistemik asit-baz dengesi açısından güvenilir bir belirteç olmayabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

• Anyonik diyet
• briks
• dışkı partikül büyüklüğü
• düve
• dışkı ph

Project Number

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Can Fecal Ph Be Used As An Alternative Indicator To Urine Ph For Monitoring Metabolic Changes In Pregnant Heifers Fed Anionic Salts?

Abstract

This study examined the impact of anionic salt supplementation on urine pH, serum Brix values, selected serum parameters, and fecal characteristics in pregnant heifers. The research involved 8 heifers during the last 14 days prior to calving. The animals received either a control diet (without anionic salts) or an anionic diet (150 g/day ammonium chloride), which was formulated to induce a mild metabolic acidosis. Anionic salts were administered 7 days prior to the experimental period to facilitate the animals' adaptation to the anionic diet. Blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected approximately three days before parturition for biochemical and physical analysis. The results indicated that heifers fed an anionic diet had significantly lower urine pH compared to those on a normal diet, confirming the expected metabolic acidification. Additionally, serum chloride levels were significantly higher in the anionic diet group (p<0.05), while other biochemical parameters, including calcium and phosphorus, remained unchanged. The anionic diet also influenced fecal particle size distribution, leading to a significant reduction in large particles and an increase in medium-sized particles (p<0.05). These findings suggest that urinary pH is a more accurate indicator of metabolic changes in response to anionic diets, whereas fecal characteristics may serve as secondary markers. The fact that fecal pH was less affected by anionic feeding suggests that it may not be a reliable marker for systemic acid-base balance.

Keywords

• Anionic diet
• brix
• fecal particle size
• heifer
• urine pH

Project Number

Proje ile desteklenmemiştir.

Ethical Statement

This study was granted approval by the Local Animal Ethics Committee of Atatürk University, Turkey (approval no: 2024/08-205).

Thanks

We thank the Atatürk University Cattle Farm for providing animals; Prof. Dr. Nurinnisa Öztürk and the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, for support with serum analyses; and Mr. Ali Kaya from the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, for assistance with feed analyses. This study was partially presented at the 8th National & 4th International Herd Health and Management Congress (Poster Presentation, November 07–10, 2024, Antalya, Turkey).

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