Deve (Camelus dromedarius) İnce Barsak Mukozasında Plazma Hücresi ve Eozinofil Granulosit Dağılımının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2018, , 108 - 113, 04.07.2018

Deniz Korkmaz , İsmail Şah Harem

https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.470980

Öz

Yapılan çalışmada develerde
ince barsak mukozasında plazma hücresi ve eozinofil granulositlerin lokalizasyon
ve dağılım oranlarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada kesimhaneden
elde edilen erişkin ve sağlıklı altı adet tek hörgüçlü deveden alınan ince barsak
(duodenum, jejenum, ileum) örnekleri kullanıldı. Alınan doku örnekleri %10 NBF
(Neutral buffer formalin) ve IFAA ( İzotonik formaldehit asetik asit) (Ph 2.9)
solüsyonlarında tespit edildi. Rutin histolojik işlemleri takiben parafinde
bloklanan dokulardan 6m kalınlığında seri
kesitler alındı. Elde edilen kesitlere plazma hücrelerini belirlemek amacıyla
MGP (Methyl green pyronin), eozinofil granulositleri belirlemek amacıyla Kongo
Red ve genel görünüm için Crossmon’ın üçlü boyama yöntemleri uygulandı. Yapılan çalışma ile duodenumdaki plazma
hücrelerinin; villusların tepe kısmında yoğunlaştığı (4-en yoğun), az sayıda
olan eozinofil granulositlerin ise; kan damarları etrafında toplandığı (2-az
yoğun) belirlendi. Jejenumda ise; plazma hücrelerinin sayılarının duodenuma
göre azaldığı (3-yoğun) ve villus-kript aralığında yoğunlaştığı belirlenirken
(3-yoğun), eozinofil granulosit sayılarının villuslarda arttığı  (4-en yoğun) gözlendi. İleumda; villuslarda
plazma hücreleri sayısının arttığı  (4-en
yoğun) gözlendi. Ayrıca agregat lenf folliküllerinde de plazma hücreleri dikkati
çekti. Bununla birlikte eozinofil granulositlerin ileum villuslarında yer
aldığı (3-yoğun) belirlendi. Bu hücrelere az oranda lenf folliküllerinde de
rastlandı. Sonuç olarak yapılan
çalışma ile ince barsaklarda hem plazma hücrelerinin hem de eozinofil
granulositlerin genel olarak villusların tepe kısmında yoğunlaştığı belirlenmiştir.
Bununla birlikte lenf folliküllerinde de plazma hücreleri ve eozinofil
granulositlerin yerleştiği saptanmıştır. Paraziter enfeksiyonlarda sayıları
artan plazma hücreleri ve eozinofil granulositlerin bağırsak sağlığının
korunmasında önemli rol oynadığı kanaatine varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deve, Eozinofil granulosit, İnce barsak, Plazma hücresi

Determination of the Plasma Cells and Eosinophil Granulocytes Distribution in the Small Intestine Mucosa of the Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Öz

The present study aimed the investigation of the plasma cells and eosinophil granulocyte localization and distrubution in the small intestine mucosa of the camel (Camelus dromedarius).  Small intestine samples (duodenum, jejenum, ileum) of six adult and healty one-humped camel were obtained from the slaughterhouse . Tissue samples were fixed by immersion in 10% neutral formalin saline and IFAA (isotonic formalin acetic acid) Ph:2,9. After routine histological procedure tissues embedded in paraffin. Sections (6m-thick) were stained methyl-green pyronin (MGP) for plasma cells, Congo Red for eosinophil granulocytes and Masson’s trichrome stain modified by Crossmon for general view. In duodonum the plasma cells were concentrated at the tip of villi (4-most intense) while few eosinophil granulocytes (2-less intense) that concentrated around the blood vessels were observed. The number of plasma cells were decreased in villus of jejenum (3-intense), at the same time plasma cells number in villus-crypt space were increased (3-intense). Eosinophil granulocytes were increased in villus of jejenum (4-most intense). In ileum, increased plasma cell numbers were observed in villus (4-most intense). Plasma cells were determined in aggregated lymph follicles. Eosinophil granulocytes were seen in villus of ileum (3-intense) while these cells were rarely observed in lymph follicles. As a result, it was determined that both plasma cells and eosinophil granulocytes were concentrated in the villi in the small intestines. In addition, plasma cells and eosinophil granulocytes were found to be located in the lymph follicles. It has been concluded that plasma cells and eosinophil granulocytes with increasing numbers of parasitic infections play an important role in preserving the intestinal health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Camel, Eosinophil granulocytes, Small intestine, Plasma cells

Kaynakça

• Adams DB, Merritt GC, Cripps AW, 1980: Intestinal lymph and the local antibody and immunoglobulin response to infection by Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep. Aust J Exp Bio Med Sci, 58,167-177.
• Althnaian TA, Alkhodair KM, Albokhadaim IF, Ramdan RO, Ali AM, 2012: Gross anatomical studies on duodenum of one humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). Int J Zoo Res, 8 (2), 90-97.
• Althnaian TA, Alkhodair KM, Albokhadaim IF, Ali AM, Homeida AM, El-Bahr SM, 2013: Histological an histochemical investigation on duodenum of dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). DOI: 10.17311/sciintl.2013.217.221 Science International, 1: 217-221.
• Anonim, 2014: http:// guncel.tgv.org.tr/ journal/ 53/ pdf/ 100247.pdf, Erişim tarihi; 05.09.2014.
• Aschkenasy A, 1971: Nutrition el Hematopoiesis. C N Roy Soc, Paris. 25(3):415-30.
• Butterworth AE, 1984: Cell-mediated damage to helminths. Adv Parasitol, 23, 143-235.
• Chu VT, Fröhlich A, Steinhauser G, Scheel T, Roch T, Fillatreau S, Lee JJ, Löhning M, Berek C, 2011: Eosinophils are required fort he maintenance of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Nat. Immunol, 12, 151-159.
• Cooper GL, Shivaprasad HI, Bickford AA, Nordhausen R, Munn RJ, Jeffrey. lS, 1995: Enteritis in turkeys associated with an unusual flagellated protozoon (Cochlosoma anatis). Avian Dis, 39, 183-190.
• Crossman G, 1937: A modification of Mallory’s connective tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat Rec, 69, 33-38.
• Denk H, Kunzele H, Plenk H, Ruschoff J, Sellner W, 1989: Romeis Microscopishe Tecnic. 17 Neubearbeitete Auflage. Urban and Schwarzenberg, München, Wien, Baltimore. pp. 439-450.
• Diker KS, 1998. İmmunoloji. Birinci Baskı, Medisan Yayınevi, Ankara, 22-59.
• Eerdunchaolu Takehana K, Kobayashi A, Baiyin, Cao GF, Andren A, Iwasa K, Abe M, 1999: Morphological characterization of gland cells of the glandular sac area in the complex stomach of the bacterian camel (Camelus bactrianus). Anat Histol Embryol, Jul 28 (3), 183-191.
• Eren Ü, Balkaya M, Sandıkçı M, Ergüldürenler Ş, 2000: Eosinophil Granulocytes an Plasma Cells in Jejunal Mucosa of Dogs Naturally Infected with or without Intestinal Parasites. Ankara Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg. 47, 135-143.
• Guyton AC, Hall JE, 2006: Texbook of medical physiology. Elevent edition. Elsever Saunders P: 805-806 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Ishikawa T, Dalton AC, Arbesman CE, 1972: Phagocytosis of Candida albicans by eosinophilic leukocytes. J Allergy clin Immunol, 49, 311-315.
• Korkmaz D, Kum S, 2016: A histological and histochemical study of the small intestine of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). Journal of Camel Practice and Research, Vol 23 (1): 111-116.
• MacFarlane WV, Morris RJH, Howard B, 1963: Turn-over and distributation of water in desert camels, sheep, cattle and kangroos. Nature, 197, 270-271.
• Mescher AL, Jungueira LC, 2010: Jungueira's basic histology: Text&atlas. McGraw-Hill medical New York 12.th edition p: 20-21.
• Mishra A, Hogan SP, Lee LL, Foster PS, Rothenberg ME, 1999: Fundamental signals that regulate eosinophil homing to the gastrointestinal tract. J. Clin. Invest, 103, 1719-1727.
• Oswald, I. P. 2006. Role of intestinal epithelial cells in the innate immune defence of the pig intestine. Vet. Res. 37, 359–368.
• Özer A, Girgin A, Liman N, Özfiliz N, Özcan Z, Erdost H, Ergün L, Zık B, Özen A, Ergün E, Kocamış H, 2008: Temel histoloji. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti. 1. Basım p: 174-179.
• Qi S, Zheng H, 2014: Effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the intestinal mucosal immune cells in young bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus). Journal of Camel Practice and Research, 21 (1), 57-63.
• Raji AR, Naserpour M, 2007: Light and electron microscopic studies of the trachea in the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). Anat Histol Embryol, Feb 36(1), 10-13.
• Ross MH, Reith EJ, Romrell L.J, 1989: Histology. A Text and Atlas. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, P: 314-318.
• Ruitenberg E.l, EIgersma A, Kruizinga W, Leenstra F, 1977: Trichinella spiralis infection in congenitally athymic (nude) mice, parasitoligical, serological and haematological studies with observations on intestinal pathology. Immunology, 33, 581-587.
• Soh CT, Kim SJ, 1973: Changes of intestinal mucous membrane or dog with reference to the immunological response to parasite infestation. Yonsei Med J, 4, 27-36.
• Sullivan TJ, 1979: The role of eosinophils in inflammatory reactions. Prog Hematol, 11, 65-82.
• Yin JG, Li DC, Zhang XC, Zhou CF, Yang J, Li JH, 1998: Immune response of intestinal mucosa to infection with Cryptosporidium parvum in mice. Chinese J Vet Sci, 18, 254-256.
• Zuo L, Rothenberg ME, 2007: Gastrointestinal Eosinophilia. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am, August; 27 (3), 443-455.