Research Article
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The Ignored Side of Early Childhood Teacher Education in Türkiye and the United States: Teacher Educators’ and Pre-service Teachers’ Views on Family Involvement

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 19, 58 - 68

Abstract

Family involvement is one of the significant components of qualified early childhood education. Despite the acknowledged significance, it is undervalued in the teacher education curriculum worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the early childhood teacher educators’ (N=8) and pre-service teachers’ (N=10) views regarding family involvement in Türkiye and the United States. An interview protocol was used to learn the views of teacher educators, and an open-ended survey form was used to investigate it in terms of the pre-service teachers. As a result, interview and survey findings complemented each other in terms of the deficiencies in teacher education regarding the family involvement, and suggestions were provided from both groups of participants to improve it such as providing opportunities to observe the family involvement process and using documentation to create a bridge between home and school. It was highlighted to integrate family involvement into the curriculum and support pre-service teachers regarding theoretical knowledge and practical experience regarding the family involvement.

Ethical Statement

Ethics Committee Decision This research was carried out with the permission of Ondokuz Mayıs University Publication Ethics Board with the session numbered 2023/1224 dated 27.01.2023.

References

  • Ahioğlu-Lindberg, E.N. (2012). Childhood history in Turkey in terms of child-rearing. Pamukkale University Education Faculty Journal, 31 (1), 41-52.
  • Alaçam, N. & Olgan, R. (2017). Pre-service early childhood teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs towards parent involvement. Teaching Education, 28 (4), 421-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2017.1324843
  • Baum, A. C., & McMurray-Schwarz, P. (2004). Preservice teachers’ beliefs about family involvement: Implications for teacher education. Early Childhood Education Journal, 32 (1), 57-61.
  • Bridgemohan, R., Wyk, N.V., & Staden, C.V. (2005). Home-school communication in the early childhood development phase. Education, 26 (1), 60-77.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32, 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513
  • Brown, A. L., Harris, M., Jacobson, A., & Trotti, J. (2014). Parent teacher education connection: Preparing preservice teachers for family engagement. The Teacher Educator, 49, 133–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2014.887169
  • Castro, M., Expósito-Casas, E., López-Martín, E., Lizasoain, L., Navarro-Asencio, E., & Gaviria, J. L. (2015). Parental involvement on student academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 14, 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.01.002
  • Christian, L.G. (2006). Understanding families: Applying family systems theory to early childhood practice. Young Children, 61 (1), 12-20.
  • Copple, C., & Bredekamp, S. (2009). Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood programmes serving children from birth through age 8. National Association for the Education of Young Children.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (5th ed.). Pearson.
  • De Bruïne, E.J., Willemse, T.M., Haem, J.D., Griswold, P., Vloeberghs, L., & Van Eyndec, S. (2014). Preparing teacher candidates for family–school partnerships. European Journal of Teacher Education, 37 (4), 409–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2014.912628
  • Denessen, E., Kloppenburg, L., Bakker, J., & Kerkhof, M. (2009). Teacher - parent partnerships: preservice teacher competences and attitudes during teacher training in the Netherlands. International Journal about Parents in Education, 3 (1), 29-36.
  • DiNatale, L. (2002). Developing high-quality family involvement programmes in early childhood settings. Young Children, 57 (5), 90-95.
  • Dinkelman, T., Margolis, J., & Sikkenga. K. (2006). From teacher-to-teacher educator: Reframing knowledge in practice. Studying Teacher Education, 2 (2), 119-136. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425960600983155
  • Epstein, J. L. (2018). School, family, and community partnerships in teachers’ professional work. Journal of Education for Teaching, 44 (3), 397–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2018.1465669
  • Epstein, J. L., & Sanders, M. (2006). Prospects for change: Preparing educators for school, family, and community partnerships. Peabody Journal of Education, 81, 81–120. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327930pje8102_5
  • Evans, M. P. (2013). Educating preservice teachers for family, school, and community engagement. Teaching Education, 24 (2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2013.786897
  • Friedlmeier, W., Corapci, F., & Cole, P. M. (2011). Emotion socialization in cross-cultural perspective. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5 (7), 410–427. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00362.x
  • Gao, M., & Lio, L. (2023). Home-based parental involvement in single- and multiple-child Chinese families: The role of socio-demographic characteristics and parental expectations. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 31 (3), 359-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2022.2098997
  • Gomila, M.A., Pascual, B., & Quincoces, M. (2018). Family-school partnership in the Spanish education system. Journal of Education for Teaching, 44, 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2018.1465641
  • Goodwin, A.L., Smith, L., Souto-Manning, M., Cheruvu, R., Tan, M.Y., Reed, R., & Taveras, L. (2014). What should teacher educators know and be able to do? Perspectives from practicing teacher educators. Journal of Teacher Education, 65 (4), 284–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487114535266
  • Henderson, A. T., Mapp, K. L., Johnson, V. R., & Davies, D. (2007). Beyond the bake sale: The essential guide to family–school partnerships. The New Press.
  • Hilado, A.V., Kallemeyn, L., & Phillips, L. (2013). Examining understandings of parent involvement in early childhood programmes. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 15 (2), 1-9.
  • Hornby, G., & Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education: An explanatory model. Educational Review, 63, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2010.488049
  • Kluczniok, K., & Roßbach, H. (2014). Conceptions of educational quality for kindergartens. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 17 (S6), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-014-0578-2
  • Knopf, H. T., & Swick, K.J. (2008). Using our understanding of families to strengthen family involvement. Early Childhood Educ J, 35, 419–427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-007-0198-z
  • Mancenido, Z., & Pello, R. (2020). What do we know about how to effectively prepare teachers to engage with families? School Community Journal, 30 (2), 9-38.
  • McKenna, D.E. (2005). Documenting development and pedagogy in the Swedish preschool: The Portfolio as a vehicle for reflection, learning, and democracy. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 12, 163-183.
  • Merriam, S. B., & Grenier, R. S. (2019). Qualitative research in practice. Examples for discussion and analysis (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis. A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage Publications
  • Ministry of National Education (MoNE). (2013). Early childhood education programme, Türkiye.
  • Murphy, C., Matthews, J., Clayton, O., & Cann, W. (2021). Partnership with families in early childhood education: Exploratory study. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 46 (1), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1836939120979067
  • Nathans, L., & Brown, A. (2022). Differences in pre-service teacher attitude change about family involvement across four universities. Societies, 12 (65), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc12020065
  • National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). (2010). 2010 NAEYC standards for initial & advanced early childhood professional preparation programmes. NAEYC.
  • O’Connor, A., Nolan, A., Bergmeier, H., Williams-Smith, J., & Skouteris, H. (2018). Early childhood educators’ perceptions of parent–child relationships: A qualitative study. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 43 (1), 4–15. https://doi.org/10.23965/AJEC.43.1.01
  • Parks, A.N. (2018). How do African American mothers in a rural community perceive resources for supporting family involvement in the early years? Early Child. Educ. J., 46, 557–565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-017-0882-6
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Sage Publication.
  • Prieto, J.P. (2018). The influence of simulations on family engagement -prospective early childhood educators’ perceptions. Early Child Development and Care, 188 (2), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1202946
  • Reynolds, B., & Duff, K. (2016). Families’ perceptions of early childhood educators’ fostering conversations and connections by sharing children’s learning through pedagogical documentation. Education 3-13, 44 (1), 93–100.
  • Sameroff, A. (2010). A unified theory of development: A dialectic integration of nature and nurture. Child Development, 81 (1), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j. 1467-8624.2009. 01378.x
  • Sewell, T. (2012). Are we adequately preparing teachers to partner with families? Early Childhood Educ Journal, 40, 259–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0503-8
  • Unal, Z., & Unal, A. (2014). Perspectives of preservice and in-service teachers on their preparation to work with parents in elementary classrooms. The Educational Forum, 78 (2), 112-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2013.878425
  • Wang, Y., Deng, C., & Yang, X. (2016). Family economic status and parental involvement: Influences of parental expectation and perceived barriers. School Psychology International, 37 (5), 536–553. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034316667646
  • Willemse, T.M., De Bruïne, E.J., Griswold, P., D’Haem, J., Vloeberghs, L., & Eynde, S.V. (2017). Teacher candidates’ opinions and experiences as input for teacher education curriculum development. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 49 (6), 782-801.
  • Winship, M., Standish, H., Trawick-Smith, J., & Perry, C. (2021). Reflections on practice: Providing authentic experiences with families in early childhood teacher education. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 42 (2), 299-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/10901027.2020.1736695

The Ignored Side of Early Childhood Teacher Education in Türkiye and the United States: Teacher Educators’ and Pre-service Teachers’ Views on Family Involvement

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 19, 58 - 68

Abstract

Family involvement is one of the significant components of qualified early childhood education. Despite the acknowledged significance, it is undervalued in the teacher education curriculum worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the early childhood teacher educators’ (N=8) and pre-service teachers’ (N=10) views regarding family involvement in Türkiye and the United States. An interview protocol was used to learn the views of teacher educators, and an open-ended survey form was used to investigate it in terms of the pre-service teachers. As a result, interview and survey findings complemented each other in terms of the deficiencies in teacher education regarding the family involvement, and suggestions were provided from both groups of participants to improve it such as providing opportunities to observe the family involvement process and using documentation to create a bridge between home and school. It was highlighted to integrate family involvement into the curriculum and support pre-service teachers regarding theoretical knowledge and practical experience regarding the family involvement.

Ethical Statement

Ethics Committee Decision This research was carried out with the permission of Ondokuz Mayıs University Publication Ethics Board with the session numbered 2023/1224 dated 27.01.2023.

References

  • Ahioğlu-Lindberg, E.N. (2012). Childhood history in Turkey in terms of child-rearing. Pamukkale University Education Faculty Journal, 31 (1), 41-52.
  • Alaçam, N. & Olgan, R. (2017). Pre-service early childhood teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs towards parent involvement. Teaching Education, 28 (4), 421-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2017.1324843
  • Baum, A. C., & McMurray-Schwarz, P. (2004). Preservice teachers’ beliefs about family involvement: Implications for teacher education. Early Childhood Education Journal, 32 (1), 57-61.
  • Bridgemohan, R., Wyk, N.V., & Staden, C.V. (2005). Home-school communication in the early childhood development phase. Education, 26 (1), 60-77.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32, 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513
  • Brown, A. L., Harris, M., Jacobson, A., & Trotti, J. (2014). Parent teacher education connection: Preparing preservice teachers for family engagement. The Teacher Educator, 49, 133–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2014.887169
  • Castro, M., Expósito-Casas, E., López-Martín, E., Lizasoain, L., Navarro-Asencio, E., & Gaviria, J. L. (2015). Parental involvement on student academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 14, 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.01.002
  • Christian, L.G. (2006). Understanding families: Applying family systems theory to early childhood practice. Young Children, 61 (1), 12-20.
  • Copple, C., & Bredekamp, S. (2009). Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood programmes serving children from birth through age 8. National Association for the Education of Young Children.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (5th ed.). Pearson.
  • De Bruïne, E.J., Willemse, T.M., Haem, J.D., Griswold, P., Vloeberghs, L., & Van Eyndec, S. (2014). Preparing teacher candidates for family–school partnerships. European Journal of Teacher Education, 37 (4), 409–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2014.912628
  • Denessen, E., Kloppenburg, L., Bakker, J., & Kerkhof, M. (2009). Teacher - parent partnerships: preservice teacher competences and attitudes during teacher training in the Netherlands. International Journal about Parents in Education, 3 (1), 29-36.
  • DiNatale, L. (2002). Developing high-quality family involvement programmes in early childhood settings. Young Children, 57 (5), 90-95.
  • Dinkelman, T., Margolis, J., & Sikkenga. K. (2006). From teacher-to-teacher educator: Reframing knowledge in practice. Studying Teacher Education, 2 (2), 119-136. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425960600983155
  • Epstein, J. L. (2018). School, family, and community partnerships in teachers’ professional work. Journal of Education for Teaching, 44 (3), 397–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2018.1465669
  • Epstein, J. L., & Sanders, M. (2006). Prospects for change: Preparing educators for school, family, and community partnerships. Peabody Journal of Education, 81, 81–120. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327930pje8102_5
  • Evans, M. P. (2013). Educating preservice teachers for family, school, and community engagement. Teaching Education, 24 (2), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2013.786897
  • Friedlmeier, W., Corapci, F., & Cole, P. M. (2011). Emotion socialization in cross-cultural perspective. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5 (7), 410–427. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00362.x
  • Gao, M., & Lio, L. (2023). Home-based parental involvement in single- and multiple-child Chinese families: The role of socio-demographic characteristics and parental expectations. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 31 (3), 359-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2022.2098997
  • Gomila, M.A., Pascual, B., & Quincoces, M. (2018). Family-school partnership in the Spanish education system. Journal of Education for Teaching, 44, 309–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2018.1465641
  • Goodwin, A.L., Smith, L., Souto-Manning, M., Cheruvu, R., Tan, M.Y., Reed, R., & Taveras, L. (2014). What should teacher educators know and be able to do? Perspectives from practicing teacher educators. Journal of Teacher Education, 65 (4), 284–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487114535266
  • Henderson, A. T., Mapp, K. L., Johnson, V. R., & Davies, D. (2007). Beyond the bake sale: The essential guide to family–school partnerships. The New Press.
  • Hilado, A.V., Kallemeyn, L., & Phillips, L. (2013). Examining understandings of parent involvement in early childhood programmes. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 15 (2), 1-9.
  • Hornby, G., & Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education: An explanatory model. Educational Review, 63, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2010.488049
  • Kluczniok, K., & Roßbach, H. (2014). Conceptions of educational quality for kindergartens. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 17 (S6), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-014-0578-2
  • Knopf, H. T., & Swick, K.J. (2008). Using our understanding of families to strengthen family involvement. Early Childhood Educ J, 35, 419–427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-007-0198-z
  • Mancenido, Z., & Pello, R. (2020). What do we know about how to effectively prepare teachers to engage with families? School Community Journal, 30 (2), 9-38.
  • McKenna, D.E. (2005). Documenting development and pedagogy in the Swedish preschool: The Portfolio as a vehicle for reflection, learning, and democracy. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 12, 163-183.
  • Merriam, S. B., & Grenier, R. S. (2019). Qualitative research in practice. Examples for discussion and analysis (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
  • Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis. A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage Publications
  • Ministry of National Education (MoNE). (2013). Early childhood education programme, Türkiye.
  • Murphy, C., Matthews, J., Clayton, O., & Cann, W. (2021). Partnership with families in early childhood education: Exploratory study. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 46 (1), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1836939120979067
  • Nathans, L., & Brown, A. (2022). Differences in pre-service teacher attitude change about family involvement across four universities. Societies, 12 (65), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc12020065
  • National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). (2010). 2010 NAEYC standards for initial & advanced early childhood professional preparation programmes. NAEYC.
  • O’Connor, A., Nolan, A., Bergmeier, H., Williams-Smith, J., & Skouteris, H. (2018). Early childhood educators’ perceptions of parent–child relationships: A qualitative study. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 43 (1), 4–15. https://doi.org/10.23965/AJEC.43.1.01
  • Parks, A.N. (2018). How do African American mothers in a rural community perceive resources for supporting family involvement in the early years? Early Child. Educ. J., 46, 557–565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-017-0882-6
  • Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Sage Publication.
  • Prieto, J.P. (2018). The influence of simulations on family engagement -prospective early childhood educators’ perceptions. Early Child Development and Care, 188 (2), 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1202946
  • Reynolds, B., & Duff, K. (2016). Families’ perceptions of early childhood educators’ fostering conversations and connections by sharing children’s learning through pedagogical documentation. Education 3-13, 44 (1), 93–100.
  • Sameroff, A. (2010). A unified theory of development: A dialectic integration of nature and nurture. Child Development, 81 (1), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j. 1467-8624.2009. 01378.x
  • Sewell, T. (2012). Are we adequately preparing teachers to partner with families? Early Childhood Educ Journal, 40, 259–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0503-8
  • Unal, Z., & Unal, A. (2014). Perspectives of preservice and in-service teachers on their preparation to work with parents in elementary classrooms. The Educational Forum, 78 (2), 112-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2013.878425
  • Wang, Y., Deng, C., & Yang, X. (2016). Family economic status and parental involvement: Influences of parental expectation and perceived barriers. School Psychology International, 37 (5), 536–553. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034316667646
  • Willemse, T.M., De Bruïne, E.J., Griswold, P., D’Haem, J., Vloeberghs, L., & Eynde, S.V. (2017). Teacher candidates’ opinions and experiences as input for teacher education curriculum development. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 49 (6), 782-801.
  • Winship, M., Standish, H., Trawick-Smith, J., & Perry, C. (2021). Reflections on practice: Providing authentic experiences with families in early childhood teacher education. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 42 (2), 299-317. https://doi.org/10.1080/10901027.2020.1736695
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Early Childhood Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nur Alacam 0000-0003-4477-5476

Early Pub Date February 27, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date December 25, 2024
Acceptance Date February 23, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 19

Cite

APA Alacam, N. (2025). The Ignored Side of Early Childhood Teacher Education in Türkiye and the United States: Teacher Educators’ and Pre-service Teachers’ Views on Family Involvement. International E-Journal of Educational Studies, 9(19), 58-68.

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