Econometrics analysis of rural livelihoods and income inequality among yam (Discorea alata) farming households’ in Abuja, Nigeria

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 229 - 238, 30.12.2020

Olugbenga Alabı , Azeez Ibrahim , Ebunlola Omole , Abiade Samson Olumuyiwa , Olugbenga Oladele , Olusegun Noah Osundıya

Öz

This study analyzed econometrics of rural livelihoods and income inequality among yam (Discorea alata) farming households’ in Abuja, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling was adopted and employed. Primary data were collected through well-structured and well-designed questionnaire. Total sample sizes of 100 rural yam producers were selected. Data were coded, and analyzed using the following statistical and econometrics tools: descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, financial analysis, Gini-coefficients, Multinomial Logit model, Probit model, Simpson index of income diversification, principal component analysis, and t –test analysis. The result shows that 73% of rural yam farmers were less than 51 years of age. The mean age was 45.8 years. The livelihood activities were farming, non-farming and off-farming activities. The Gini-coefficient of 0.7413 revealed severe income gap or high inequality in income among rural yam farmers. Factors influencing livelihood income diversification among rural yam farmers were gender(P<0.01), age (P<0.05), marital status (P<0.10), household size (P<0.10), level of education (P<0.01), membership of cooperatives(P<0.05), access to credit (P<0.10), contact with extension agents (P<0.05), income generating farm assets (P<0.05), and farm income (P<0.05). Principal component analysis used in analyzing constraints or problems facing rural yam producers show that six (6) constraints were retained for having Eigen-value greater than one. The retained constraints were lack of credit facilities, inadequate extension agents, poor storage facilities, bad feeder roads, lack of farm inputs, and lack of market centers. The retained constraints explained 84.79% of components included in the model. The study recommends that credit facilities and farm inputs should be made available to rural yam farmers. Also, extension agents should be employed and appropriate storage facilities should be made available for rural yam farmers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rural Livelihood, Income Inequality,, Yam Farmers, Multinomial Logit Model,, Probit Model, Nigeria.

Destekleyen Kurum

NIL

Proje Numarası

NIL

Teşekkür

Thanks

Kaynakça

• Abah, D.A, Abu, G.A and Ater, P.I (2015). Analysis of the Structure and Conduct of Paddy Rice Marketing in Benue State, Nigeria. American Journal of Marketing Research 1(2): 70-78.
• Adams, R.F (2001). Non-Farm Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural Egypt and Jordan. World Bank Publications, Volume 2772
• Ahmed, F.F (2012). Income Diversification Determinants among Farm Households in Konduga, Borno State, Nigeria. Academic Research International 2(2): 555-561.
• Ajibefun,I.A, Ademola,G and Obioma,A (2000). Investigation of Factors Influencing Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Crop Farmers in Nigeria. CEPA Working Papers No 10/96 Dept. of Economics, University of New England
• Alabi,O.O; Lawal,A.F; Awoyinka,Y.A and Coker, A.A (2014).Probit Model Analysis of Smallholder Farmers Decision to Use Agrochemicals Inputs in Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria, Turkey International Journal of Food and Agricultural - Economics (IJFAEC), 2(1): 85-93, Nigde University Turkey,
• Alabi, O.O.; Ayoola,A.O and Ugbaje, S. (2010). A Demand Function for Yam (Discorea spp) in Paikoro Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria, International Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 1(1):55-60.
• Alabi,O.O; Lawal, A.F and Oladele,A.O (2016). Factors Influencing the Use of Productivity Enhancing Technologies Among Crop Farmers in Abuja, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (JSD-Africa) Clarion University of Pennsylvania USA 18(1): 40 – 52
• Alabi,O.O; Amadi,M.U; and Ijir,T.S (2014).Determinants of Gross Income Among Smallscale Sorghum Producers in Gwagwalada Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja, Nigeria, Agricultural Economics and Extension Research Studies (AGEERS), 3 (1):16-26.
• Alabi,O.O; Coker,A.A.A;and Idegbesor,M.E (2013).Net Farm Income Analysis of Maize Production in Gwagwalada Area Council of Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Social Sciences(JOAFSS), 11(1):166-182
• Alabi O.O. and Ajooku,H.A (2012).Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Cassava Production in Kuje and Abaji Area Councils of Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria, Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Social Sciences (JOAFSS),10(2):73-84.
• Astatike, A.A and Gazuma, E.G (2019). The Impact of Off – Farm Activities on Rural Households Income in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of World Economic Research 8(1): 8 – 16 .
• Ben-Chendo, G.N, N. Lawal, M.N. Osuji, I.I. Osugiri, and B.O. Ibeagwa, (2015). Cost and Returns of Paddy Rice Production in Kaduna State of Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Marketing 2(5):084-089.
• Birthal, P.S, Negi, D.S, Jha, A.K and Singh , D (2014). Income Sources of Farm Households in India: Determinants, Distributional Consequences and Policy Implications. Agricultural Economics Research Review 27 (1): 333-350.
• Bushway, S, Johnson, B.D and Slocum, L.A (2007). Is the Magic Still There? The Use of the Heckman. Journal of Quant Criminol 23 : 151 – 178.
• FAO (2006). Food and Agricultural Organization Database available at www.fao.org
• Gecho,Y (2017). Rural Farm Households Income Diversification: The Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Social Sciences 6 (2): 45-46.
• Iqbal, M.A, Abbas, A, Ullah, R, Ahmed, U.I, Sher, A and Akhtar, S (2018). Effects of Non-Farm Income on Poverty and Income Inequality: Farm Households Evidence from Punjab Province Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 34(2): 233- 239.
• Khan, K, Kamal,M.A, Ramazan, S, Khan, G, Ali, G and Ahmed, S (2018). Impact of Agricultural Credit on Livestock Income: A Case of District Lasbela, Balochistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture: 34 (2): 246 – 250.
• Khan, W, Tabassum, S and Ansari, S.A (2017). Can Diversification of Livelihood Sources Increase Income of Farm Households? A Case Study in Uttar Pradesh. Agricultural Economic Research Review 30: 27 – 34.
• Mat, S.H.C, Jalil, A.Z.A, and Harun, .M (2012). Does Non-Farm Income Improve the Poverty and Income Inequality among Agricultural Households in Rural Kedah? Procedia Econom. Finance 1 : 269 – 275.
• NPC (2006). National Population Commission, Nigeria National Population Census Data 2006.
• Okere, C.P and Shittu, A.M ( 2013). Patterns and Determinants of Income Livelihood Diversification among Farm Households in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria. Research Journal of Economics 1 (1): 2013.
• Olukosi, J.O. and Erhabor, P.O. (2005). Introduction to Farm Management Economics: Principles and Applications. Agitab Publishers Limited, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria. pp.77-83.
• Osundu, C.K, Obike, K.C and Ogbonna, S (2014). Determinants of Decision to Non-Farm Entrepreneurship by Women Farmers in Ikwuanolga of Abia State. European Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Research Vol 2 (4): 41 – 52.
• Sanusi, W.A, Dipeolu, A.O, and Momoh, S (2016). Determinants of Participation in Non-Farm Activities among Rural Households in Osun State: An Applications of Multinomial Logit Model. International Journal of African and Asian Studies. Vol 25.
• Sherf-Ul-Alam, M.D, Ahmed, J.U, Mannaf, M, Fatema, K and Mozand, M.N (2017). Farm and Non-Farm Income Diversification in Selected Areas of Sunamganj District of Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology 21 (2): 1 – 9.
• Todaro, M.P and Smith, S.C (2009). Economic Development. Pearson Education Limited. Tenth Edition, 861pp.