Araştırma Makalesi
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The development of a scale of self-efficacy to work on forgiveness in counseling

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 232 - 256, 26.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1263121

Öz

It is said that working on forgiveness in psychological counseling will significantly benefit the individual, taking into account the good consequences of forgiving on the individual. This study aimed to develop a measurement tool for determining self-efficacy to work on forgiveness in counseling (SSWOFIC). The most commonly regarded forgiveness process model, Enright's Forgiveness Process Model, served as the foundation for the creation of this measurement tool. 285 counselors provided information for the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and 258 counselors provided information for the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). For the content validity of the scale, eight specialists were contacted. EFA revealed a single factor structure with 41 items that accounted for 61.7% of the overall variation. It was found that all of the SSWOFIC's items were discriminative and had a high level of factor loading value in the pertinent factor. To ascertain if the structure identified by EFA was confirmed or not, CFA was carried out. The one-factor structure was confirmed, as evidenced by the resulting model's fit indices. The computed Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega reliability coefficients were 0.99, and the Split-Half method's results for the Guttman and Spearman-Brown coefficients were 0.96. The SSWOFIC results demonstrated the validity and reliability of the scale, which consists of a single component and 41 items. The established scale will make it possible to conduct studies to ascertain the level of self-efficacy of psychological counselors with regard to this matter and to examine this feature in terms of other variables.

Teşekkür

Thank to Atakum Guidance and Research Center for the support given by during the data collection process.

Kaynakça

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The development of a scale of self-efficacy to work on forgiveness in counseling

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 232 - 256, 26.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1263121

Öz

It is said that working on forgiveness in psychological counseling will significantly benefit the individual, taking into account the good consequences of forgiving on the individual. This study aimed to develop a measurement tool for determining self-efficacy to work on forgiveness in counseling (SSWOFIC). The most commonly regarded forgiveness process model, Enright's Forgiveness Process Model, served as the foundation for the creation of this measurement tool. 285 counselors provided information for the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and 258 counselors provided information for the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). For the content validity of the scale, eight specialists were contacted. EFA revealed a single factor structure with 41 items that accounted for 61.7% of the overall variation. It was found that all of the SSWOFIC's items were discriminative and had a high level of factor loading value in the pertinent factor. To ascertain if the structure identified by EFA was confirmed or not, CFA was carried out. The one-factor structure was confirmed, as evidenced by the resulting model's fit indices. The computed Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega reliability coefficients were 0.99, and the Split-Half method's results for the Guttman and Spearman-Brown coefficients were 0.96. The SSWOFIC results demonstrated the validity and reliability of the scale, which consists of a single component and 41 items. The established scale will make it possible to conduct studies to ascertain the level of self-efficacy of psychological counselors with regard to this matter and to examine this feature in terms of other variables.

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  • Topbaşoğlu, T. (2016). Yaşam doyumunun yordayıcısı olarak öfke ve affetme: Affetmenin düzenleyici rolü [Anger and forgi̇veness as predi̇ctors of li̇fe sati̇sfacti̇on: The moderator role of forgi̇veness] (445684). [Master thesis, Pamukkale University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr
  • Toussaint, L.L., Williams, D.R., Musick, M.A., & Everson, S.A. (2001). Forgiveness and health: Age differences in a U.S. probability sample. Journal of Adult Development, 8, 249–257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011394629736
  • Tse, W.S., & Yip, T.H.J. (2009). Relationship among dispositional forgiveness of others, interpersonal adjustment and psychological well being: Implication for interpersonal theory of depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 365–368.
  • Ülker-Tümlü, G. (2019). Bireyle Psikolojik danışma Uygulaması Süpervizyonunda Ayrıştırıcı Süpervizyon Modeline’ne Dayalı Grup Süpervizyonu Sürecinin Yapılandırılması [Structuring the group supervision process in the supervision of individual counseling practicum based on the discrimination model] (542987). [Doctoral dissertation, Anadolu University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center. https://tez.yok.gov.tr
  • Van Tongeren, D.R., Green, J.D., Hook, J.N., Davis, D.E., Davis, J.L., & Ramos, M. (2015). Forgiveness increases meaning in life. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6, 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550614541298
  • Vural-Batık, M., & Afyonkale-Talay, N. (2021). The effect of a group psychoeducation program for ımproving forgiveness on the forgiveness levels of psychological counselor candidates. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 51, 1 32. https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.%20686232
  • Vural-Batık, M., & Fırıncı-Kodaz, A. (2018). Kurum deneyiminin psikolojik danışman adaylarının özel eğitim öz yeterlik algılarına etkisi [The effect of the ınternship course on counselor trainees’ sense of selfefficacy regarding special education]. Ondokuz Mayis University Journal of Education Faculty, 37(1), 209 222. https://doi.org/10.7822/omuefd.327621
  • Wade, N.G., Bailey, D., & Shaffer, P. (2005). Helping clients heal: Does forgiveness make a difference? Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 36(6), 634-641. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.36.6.634
  • Witvliet, C.V.O., Ludwig, T.E., & Vander Laan, K.L. (2001). Granting forgiveness or harboring grudges: implications for emotion, physiology, and health. Psychological Science, 121, 117–123.
  • Worthington, E.L. (2001). Five Steps to Forgiveness: The Art and Science of Forgiving. The United States: Crown.
  • Yayla, E., & İkiz, F.E. (2017). Psikolojik danışmanların etkili nitelikleri ile danışma öz-yeterlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki [The relation between counselors’ effective characteristics and counseling self-efficacy levels]. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 48(7), 31–44.
  • Zimmerman, B.J. (2000). Self-efficacy: An essential motive to learn. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1016
Toplam 90 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Meryem Vural Batık 0000-0002-7836-7289

Selda Örs Özdil 0000-0002-7134-5896

Necla Afyonkale Talay 0000-0002-9835-2340

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Vural Batık, M., Örs Özdil, S., & Afyonkale Talay, N. (2023). The development of a scale of self-efficacy to work on forgiveness in counseling. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 10(2), 232-256. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1263121

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