Research Article

Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen

Volume: 7 Number: 2 December 31, 2023
TR EN

Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen

Abstract

Bee pollen plays a significant role in bee nutrition, bee population sustainability, pollination processes, and its health and nutritional benefits for humans. It contains protein, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, offering valuable nutritional properties. The total phenolic content (TPC) is an important parameter in determining the nutritional and health value of pollen. The presence of high levels of phenolic compounds in pollen enhances their health benefits and can provide protective effects against diseases by combating oxidative stress. In the study, ultrasonic extraction conditions for pollen were optimized using the Response Surface Method to maximize TPC. The experimental study was designed according to Box-Behnken design: 30–70% ethanol ratio, 5–15 min of extraction time, and 10–20% ultrasonic amplitude modulation (AM). The TPC of the obtained extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. The optimal extraction conditions were predicted as 60.012% ethanol ratio, 11.054 min, and 19.160% AM for reaching 9.572 mg/GAE g extract.

Keywords

Thanks

The authors thank Bee&You (Bee'O®) (SBS Scientific Bio Solutions Inc., Istanbul, Türkiye) for providing the bee pollen sample.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Food Engineering, Industrial Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

January 6, 2024

Publication Date

December 31, 2023

Submission Date

August 9, 2023

Acceptance Date

December 20, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 7 Number: 2

APA
Gürgen, A., Can, Z., Kara, Y., & Şahin, H. (2023). Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology, 7(2), 144-150. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424
AMA
1.Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H. Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 2023;7(2):144-150. doi:10.32571/ijct.1340424
Chicago
Gürgen, Ayşenur, Zehra Can, Yakup Kara, and Hüseyin Şahin. 2023. “Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology: Total Phenolic Content of Bee Pollen”. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology 7 (2): 144-50. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424.
EndNote
Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H (December 1, 2023) Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology 7 2 144–150.
IEEE
[1]A. Gürgen, Z. Can, Y. Kara, and H. Şahin, “Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen”, Int. J. Chem. Technol., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 144–150, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.32571/ijct.1340424.
ISNAD
Gürgen, Ayşenur - Can, Zehra - Kara, Yakup - Şahin, Hüseyin. “Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology: Total Phenolic Content of Bee Pollen”. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology 7/2 (December 1, 2023): 144-150. https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424.
JAMA
1.Gürgen A, Can Z, Kara Y, Şahin H. Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 2023;7:144–150.
MLA
Gürgen, Ayşenur, et al. “Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions Using Response Surface Methodology: Total Phenolic Content of Bee Pollen”. International Journal of Chemistry and Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, Dec. 2023, pp. 144-50, doi:10.32571/ijct.1340424.
Vancouver
1.Ayşenur Gürgen, Zehra Can, Yakup Kara, Hüseyin Şahin. Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen. Int. J. Chem. Technol. 2023 Dec. 1;7(2):144-50. doi:10.32571/ijct.1340424

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