Social and Psychological Effects of Tennis on Disabled Individuals

Yıl 2024, , 1007 - 1015, 25.09.2024

Soner Sivri

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1502986

Öz

In a social perspective disability can be identified as a 'disadvantage or limitation of activity' caused by a contemporary social organization that takes little or no account of persons with physical disabilities and excludes them from participation in social activities. This study focuses on the effects of sports, specifically tennis, on disabled individuals. In this respect, the research purposes to examine the social and psychological impacts of tennis on disabled individuals. The phenomenology technique, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. 17 wheelchair tennis players, 10 men and 7 women, who played in the International Wheelchair tennis tournaments held in Antalya between 16 November and 5 December 2023, participated in the research. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using the thematic analysis. The data obtained from the study were themed under the umbrella of life routine, social and psychological impact, with the coding made as a result of the interviews. Under the theme of life routine, it was seen that issues such as personal development, sense of accomplishment, getting life in order, holding on to life, accepting disability, and health literacy were emphasized. Socialization, social support, commitment, new friendships, and communication skills stand out as values coded under the social impact theme. Self-confidence, happiness, coping with pressure and stress, controlling emotions, focusing, and feeling valuable are the subheadings of the psychological impact theme. It can be said that sports, namely tennis in this study, positively affect individuals' life routines and social and psychological lives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disability, tennis, social effect, psychological effect

Kaynakça

• Ahn, H., Lee, K., & So, Y. (2021). The mediating effect of disability acceptance in individuals with spinal cord injury participating in sport for all. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10883. [Crossref]
• Arsic, R., Svetlana, S., & Jasmina, K. (2012). Sports activities as a factor in socialization of deaf students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 12(1), 3. [Crossref]
• Aydemir, M. A. (2011). The Social Capital Value of Social Relations. Doctoral Thesis, Selcuk University, Institute of Social Sciences, Konya. [Crossref]
• Boyatzis, R.E. (1998). Transforming Qualitative Information: Thematic Analysis And Code Development, Sage. [Crossref]
• Barnes, C. (1998). The Social Model of Disability: A Sociological Phenomenon Ignored By Sociologists?, In T.Shakespeare (Ed.) The Disability Reader: Social Science Perspectives, London: Cassell. [Crossref]
• Barnes, C. (1997). A Legacy of Oppression: A History of Disability in Western Culture, In L. Barton and M. Oliver (Eds) Disability Studies: Past, Present And Future, Leeds: The Disability Press. [Crossref]
• Blauwet, C., & Willick, S. E. (2012). The paralympic movement: using sports to promote health, disability rights, and social integration for athletes with disabilities. Pm&r, 4(11), 851-856. [Pubmed]
• Ciampolini, V., Columna, L., Lapolli, B., Iha, T., Grosso, E. C., Silva, D. A. S., & Galatti, L. R. (2017). Quality of life of Brazilian wheelchair tennis athletes across competitive and elite levels. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 23(02), e101703. [Crossref]
• Coleman, J. S. (1994). Foundations Of Social Theory. Harvard University Press. [Crossref]
• Çavdar, B. (2011). The Effect of Physical Education and Sports Activities on the Socialization Levels of Students with Teachable Mental Disabilities, Ege University, Master's Thesis, Institute of Health Sciences, Izmir. [Crossref]
• Çokluk, G. F., Çetin, M. Ç., Çağlayan, H. S., & Kırımoğlu, H. (2011). Investigation of the Quality of Life Levels of Athletes Playing in the Regional Wheelchair Basketball League, p. 96-98, 05-07 May, 2011, 1st International Congress on Physical Education and Sports for the Disabled. [Crossref]
• Damanik, D. E. P., & Machdum, S. V. (2019). Collective Efficacy as a Factor in Group Empowerment Among People with Disabilities: A Case Study of Wheelchair Tennis Players of Bogor District’s National Paralympic Committee Of Indonesia. In 2nd International Conference on Intervention and Applied Psychology (ICIAP 2018), p. 741-752, Atlantis Press. [Crossref]
• Davis, R. W. (2011). Teaching disability sport: A guide for physical educators. Human Kinetics. [Crossref] Demir, Ö., & Aysoy, M. (2002). Definition and classification of disabled. Türkiye Disabled People Survey, DİE (State Institute of Statistics).[Crossref]
• Diaz, R., Miller, E. K., Kraus, E., & Fredericson, M. (2019). Impact of adaptive sports participation on quality of life. Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review, 27(2), 73-82. [Pubmed]
• Duman, S., & Sukan, H. D. (2014). The Effect of Physical Activity on the Socialization of Mentally Disabled Children, p. 126, II. International Congress of Physical Education and Sports for the Disabled, 02-04 May 2014, 2014, Batman. [Crossref]
• Emamvirdi, R., Hosseinzadeh, N.R.H., İlhan, L., & Çolakoğlu, F. F. (2020). Psychological flexibility and sports participation motivation in physically disabled athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 14(2), 271-281. [Crossref]
• Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Some notes on the management of spoiled identities, Harmondsworth: Penguin. Güven, B., Kara, F. M., & Özdedeoğlu, B. (2019). The socialization process for women with disabilities in sports: A double barrier? Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 10(3), 7-17. [Crossref]
• Hanson M.J. & Hanline M.F. (1990). Parenting a child with a disabilities: A longitudinal srudy of parental stress and adaptation. Journal of Early Intervent, 14, 234-248. [Crossref]
• Hedrick, B. N. (1984). The Effect of Wheelchair Tennis Participation and Mainstreaming upon the Perceptions of Competence of Physically Disabled Adolescents. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. [Crossref]
• Kamelska, A. M., & Mazurek, K. (2015). The assessment of the quality of life in visually impaired people with different level of physical activity. Physical Culture and Sport, Studies and Research, 67(1), 31-41. [Crossref]
• Koparan, Ş. (2003). Sports in children with special needs. Uludag University Faculty of Education Journal, 17(1),14. [Crossref]
• Kreuter, M., Sullivan, M., Dahllöf, A. G., & Siösteen, A. (1998). Partner relationships, functioning, mood and global quality of life in persons with spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. Spinal Cord, 36(4), 252- 261. [Pubmed]
• Kumcağız, H., & Avcı Çayır, G. (2018). Views on the effects of sports on the quality of life of physically disabled individuals. Inonu University Faculty of Education Journal, 19(3), 654-669. DOI: 10.17679/inuefd.422597 [Crossref]
• Lawson, H. A. (2005). Empowering people, facilitating community development, and contributing to sustainable development: The social work of sport, exercise, and physical education programs. Sport, Education and Society, 10(1), 135-160. [Crossref]
• Lee, S. P., Cornwell, T. B., & Babiak, K. (2013). Developing an instrument to measure the social impact of sport: Social capital, collective identities, health literacy, well-being and human capital. Journal of Sport Management, 27(1), 24-42. [Crossref]
• Leutar, I., Vrdoljak, J., & Leutar, Z. (2017). Wheelchair tennis and its impact on people with physical disabilities. HSOA Journal of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation & Disabilities, 3(015), 4-7. [Crossref]
• Lindowski, D. C., & Dunn, M. A. (1974). Self-concept and acceptance of disability. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 18(1), 28–32. [Crossref]
• Mohamed Tohamy, B. (2018). Towards effective communication between sports recreation specialists and intellectually disabled athletes: An exploratory study. The International Scientific Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 6(1), 33-43. [Crossref]
• Murphy, N.A., & Carbone P.S. (2008). Promoting the participation of children with disabilities in sports, recreation, and physical activities. Pediatrics, 121(5): 1057-1061. [Pubmed]
• O'Connel M.E. (2000). The Effect of Brailling and Physical Guidance on The Self-Efficacy of Children who are Blind. Master's thesis, State University of New York College at Brockport, NY. [Crossref]
• Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice. Sage Publications. [Crossref]
• Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: The strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political Science & Politics, 28(4), 664-683. [Crossref] Richardson, E. V., Papathomas, A., Smith, B., ve Goosey-Tolfrey, V. L. (2017). The psychosocial impact of wheelchair tennis on participants from developing countries. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(2), 193-200. [Pubmed]
• Roux, C. J. (2012). Socialization of elite wheelchair tennis players in South Africa: Social psychology of sport and physical activity. African Journal for Physical Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 18(42), 929-938. [Crossref]
• Ruddell, J. L., & Shinew, K. J. (2006). The socialization process for women with physical disabilities: The impact of agents and agencies in the introduction to an elite sport. Journal of Leisure Research, 38(3), 421-444. [Crossref]
• Salkım, C. B., Erkan, M., & Gümüşdağ, H. (2023). Investigation of the effect of sports on the socialization of physically disabled individuals. Spormetre: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences/Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1). [Crossref]
• Sinai, M. (2024). The Benefits of Wheelchair Tennis. [Crossref]
• Smith, B. (2016). Narrative Analysis in Sport and Exercise: How Can It be Done? In B. Smith, & A. C. Sparkes (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research In Sport and Exercise, London: Routledge. [Crossref]
• Stanescu, R. (2014). Wheelchair tennis–An opportunity for social integration of the people with disabilities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 149, 906-910. [Crossref]
• Şenel, H. G. (2009). Two sample applications where individuals with autism interact with their peers through sports and art activities. Ankara University Faculty of Educational Sciences Special Education Journal, 10(02), 65-74. [Crossref]
• Thomas, N., & Smith, A. (2008). Disability, Sport and Society: An introduction, Routledge. [Crossref]
• Valliant, P. M., Bezzubyk, I., Daley, L., & Asu, M. E. (1985). Psychological impact of sport on disabled athletes. Psychological Reports, 56(3), 923-929. [Pubmed]
• Wilhite, B., & Shank, J. (2009). In praise of sport: Promoting sport participation as a mechanism of health among persons with a disability. Disability and Health Journal, 2(3), 116-127. [Pubmed]