Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran

Roghayyeh Ebadi; Sadra Karımzadeh; Khalil Valizadeh Kamran; Mostafa Mahdavifard

doi:10.26833/ijeg.1640355

Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran

Abstract

In recent years, the forests of northern Iran have experienced increasing ecological stress due to climate change and human activities, highlighting the need for effective forest health monitoring. This study evaluates the applicability of PRISMA hyperspectral imagery for assessing forest risk in this region during 2024. Leveraging the sensor’s high spectral resolution, several vegetation indices were extracted and grouped into three categories: greenness, pigment, and canopy water/light use efficiency. These indices were combined and classified into five risk levels using multi-index integration and weighting techniques in a GIS environment. Validation of the classification results revealed a high level of accuracy, with an overall accuracy of 93.73% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.9157. The combined indices outperformed individual indices in identifying vegetation stress patterns. Results indicated that the central and western forest areas are in healthy condition, while the eastern, northeastern, and southeastern regions exhibit notable stress, likely linked to water deficit or pest and disease pressures. The findings underscore the effectiveness of integrating hyperspectral data and vegetation indices for forest risk assessment and offer valuable insights for improving spatiotemporal forest health monitoring strategies.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Roghayyeh Ebadi
0000-0002-5660-7595
Iran

Sadra Karımzadeh ^*
0000-0002-5645-0188
Iran

Khalil Valizadeh Kamran
0000-0003-4648-842X
Iran

Mostafa Mahdavifard
0000-0002-0944-0067
Iran

Early Pub Date

August 25, 2025

Publication Date

October 1, 2025

Submission Date

February 15, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 18, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 11 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.1640355

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA24JW63SA

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Ebadi, R., Karımzadeh, S., Valizadeh Kamran, K., & Mahdavifard, M. (2025). Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, 11(1), 163-182. https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.1640355

AMA

1.Ebadi R, Karımzadeh S, Valizadeh Kamran K, Mahdavifard M. Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran. IJEG. 2025;11(1):163-182. doi:10.26833/ijeg.1640355

Chicago

Ebadi, Roghayyeh, Sadra Karımzadeh, Khalil Valizadeh Kamran, and Mostafa Mahdavifard. 2025. “Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran”. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 11 (1): 163-82. https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.1640355.

EndNote

Ebadi R, Karımzadeh S, Valizadeh Kamran K, Mahdavifard M (October 1, 2025) Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 11 1 163–182.

IEEE

[1]R. Ebadi, S. Karımzadeh, K. Valizadeh Kamran, and M. Mahdavifard, “Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran”, IJEG, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 163–182, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.26833/ijeg.1640355.

ISNAD

Ebadi, Roghayyeh - Karımzadeh, Sadra - Valizadeh Kamran, Khalil - Mahdavifard, Mostafa. “Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran”. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences 11/1 (October 1, 2025): 163-182. https://doi.org/10.26833/ijeg.1640355.

JAMA

1.Ebadi R, Karımzadeh S, Valizadeh Kamran K, Mahdavifard M. Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran. IJEG. 2025;11:163–182.

MLA

Ebadi, Roghayyeh, et al. “Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran”. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, vol. 11, no. 1, Oct. 2025, pp. 163-82, doi:10.26833/ijeg.1640355.

Vancouver

1.Roghayyeh Ebadi, Sadra Karımzadeh, Khalil Valizadeh Kamran, Mostafa Mahdavifard. Integrating Vegetation Indices and PRISMA Hyperspectral Imagery for Forest Risk Assessment in Northern Iran. IJEG. 2025 Oct. 1;11(1):163-82. doi:10.26833/ijeg.1640355