Recent Trends and Development of Underwater Welding

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 36 - 44, 27.03.2020

Emre Ersoy

Öz

Interest in underwater welding (UW) is increasing day by day with developments in marine transport, oil and natural gas. Today, many oil rigs are used in the sea. These structures are damaged by collision sand storms over time, and various types of under water welding techniques are used to eliminate these damages. Under water welding presents serious difficulties compared to normal welding techniques. Therefore, researchers are conducting various experiments and applications to overcome these difficulties. The present paper describes the new trends and future welding techniques of under water welding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Underwater welding, , Underwater dry welding, , Underwater wet welding, , Underwater Robot Welding, , Recent development.

Destekleyen Kurum

Gaziantep University, Engineering faculty

Kaynakça

• [1] C, Shawn. Development of a human and organizational factors (HOF) annex for underwater welding. California University Berkeley Dept Of Civilengineering, 1997.
• [2] Łabanowski, Jerzy, Dariusz Fydrych, and Grzegorz Rogalski. "Underwater Welding-a review." Advances in Materials Sciences 8.3 (2008): 11-22.
• [3] M. Rowe, and S. Liu. "Recentdevelopments in underwater wet welding." Science and Technology of welding and Joining 6.6 (2001): pp.387-396.
• [4] H. Ozaki., J. Naiman, and K. Masubuchi. "A study of hydrogencracking in underwatersteelwelds." Welding Journal 8 (1977): p. 231
• [5] A. CHHANIYARA. Underwater Welding. International Journal of, 2014.
• [6] H. C. Cotton. Weldingunderwaterand in thesplashzone – a review. Proceedings of the International Conference “Underwater Welding” Trondheim, Norway, 1983.
• [7] D. Fydrych., Rogalski G. Badania proceso´w spawania pod woda. Gdansk: Pracanie publikowana, Politechnika Gdansk; 2007.
• [8] S. Liu. "Fundamentals of underwaterwelding." Underwaterwetweldingseminar. Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico. 1999.
• [9] H. Ozden. "Underwater Weldıng In Hyperbarıc Condıtıons-HuseyinOzden (Ege University) studies the parameters for underwatergas tungsten arc weld edjoints." Sea Technology 49.6 (2008): pp. 52-54.
• [10] M. Rowe., S. Liu, and Reynolds TJ. Theeffect of ferro-alloyadditionsanddepth on the quality of underwater wet welds. Weld J. 2002: p. 8.
• [11] B. Chen., J.C. Feng. Modeling and analysis of underwater wet weld process based on regression method. Advanced Materials Research. 2013: pp. 690-693.
• [12] B. Zhao. "Numeric alanalysis of the weld bead profiles in underwater wet flux-cored arc welding." Acta Metall Sin 49.7 (2013): pp. 797-803.
• [13] S. Liu. "Fundamentals of underwater welding." Underwater wet welding seminar. Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico. 1999. [14] N. Christensen. "Themetallurgy of underwater welding." Pergamon Press, (1983): pp. 71-94.
• [15] S. Ibarra, and D. L. Olson. "Underwaterwelding of steel." Key Engineering Materials. Vol. 69. Trans Tech Publications, 1992.
• [16] Santos, V. R., et al. "Development of an oxyrutile electrode for wet welding." Welding Journal 91.12 (2012): pp. 319-328.
• [17] C, W. Jun., C. B. Gui, and J. Sun. "Preparation of water-resistant electrode coating with palmitic acid by micro wave reaction." Advanced Materials Research. Vol. 228. Trans Tech Publications, 2011.
• [18] F. Dariusz, and G. Rogalski. "Effect of shielded-electrode wet welding conditions on diffusion hydrogen content in deposited metal." Welding International 25.03 (2011): pp. 166-171.
• [19] D. Fydrych,, G. Rogalski., A. Kunowski., & D. Miś. Zastosowanie izolacji cieplnej przy wykonywaniu złączy w warunkach spawania izobarycznego. Welding Technology Review, 84, 2012.
• [20] V. Chigarev., and A. V. Ustinov. "Design-experimental estimation of the possibility of reduction of the HAZ metal cooling rate in wet underwater welding." The Paton Welding Journal (Ukraine) 5 (2000): pp. 25-30.
• [21] D. Fydrych., G. Rogalski, and J. Łabanowski. "Problems of underwaterwelding of higher-strength lowalloy steels." Institute of Welding Bulletin 5 (2014).
• [22] Zhu, Jie, et al. "Effect of arc current ultrasonic-frequency pulsation on underwater water welding quality" Advanced MaterialsResearch. Vol. 763. Trans Tech Publications, 2013.
• [23] V. Ketan, and H. K. Garg. "Underwater welding-Recent trends and future scope." International Journal on Emerging Technologies 3.2 (2012): pp. 115-120.
• [24] A. S. Azar. "Dry Hyperbaric Gas metal arc welding of subsea pipelines: Experiments and Modeling. (2012).
• [25] L. F. Silva. " Influence of molybdenum in metal weld properties in welding wet with oxy-rutile electrodes." Soldagem & Inspeção 18.2 (2013): pp. 102-109.
• [26] P. Szelagowski, and I. Pachniuk. "State of the art andpractice of underwater hyperbaric dry welding." International workshop on underwater welding of marine structures. New Orleans, USA. 1994.
• [27] H. W. Mishler., J. R. Gordon, and Y. Ogawa. "Advanced technology and challenges in underwater welding." International workshop on underwater welding of marine structures. New Orleans, USA. 1994.
• [28] X. Zhang. "Effect of shielding conditions of local dry cavity on weldquality in underwater Nd: YAG laser welding." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 174.1-3 (2006): pp. 34-41.
• [29] M. R. Johnsen. " Keeping Shipshape Through Underwater Welding." Welding journal 80.11 (2001): pp. 54-57.
• [30] D. Xinjie. " Effect of cooling rate on microstructure, inclusions and mechanical properties of weld metal in simulatedlocaldry underwater welding." Materials & Design 88 (2015): pp. 505-513.
• [31] H. Masanobu., J. Sakakibara, and A. Yoshiaki. "Underwater Mıg Weldıng-Hıgh-Pressure Chamber Experıments." Metal Construction 8.3 (1976): pp. 108.
• [32] L. Tianhu., S. Shangyang., S. Baotian."A Study And Application Of Local Dry Co_2 Gas Shielded Semi-Automatic Underwater Welding [J]." Transactions of The China Welding Institution 1 (1981).
• [33] G. Rogalski. "Bead-on-plate welding on S235JR steel underwater local dry chamber process." Polish Maritime Research 21.2 (2014): pp. 58-64.
• [34] H. Gao. "Study on remote control underwater welding technology applied in nuclear power station." Procedia Engineering 15 (2011): 4988-4993.
• [35] L. Xiang., X. Xiaopeng, and L. Xiaohui. "An optimal trajectory control strategy for underwater welding robot." Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing 12.1 (2018).
• [36] G. Bingtuan, et al. "Developing an efficient calibration system for joint off set of industrial robots." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014).
• [37] Cotton H. C.: Welding under water and in the splash zone – a review. Proceedings of the International Conference „Underwater Welding”, Trondheim, Norway 1983.
• [38] Świerczyńska, Aleksandra, Dariusz Fydrych, and Grzegorz Rogalski. "Diffusible hydrogen management in underwater wet self-shielded flux cored arc welding." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42.38 (2017): 24532-24540.
• [39] Arias, Ariel Rodríguez, and Alexandre Queiroz Bracarense. ."Fatigue crack growth rate in underwater wet welds: out of water evaluation." Welding international 31.5 (2017): pp. 348-353
• [40] Shannon, G. J., J. Watson, and W. F. Deans. "Investigation into the underwater laser welding of steel." Journal of Laser Applications 6.4 (1994): pp. 223-229.
• [41] Wang, Jianfeng, et al. "Characterization of the underwater welding arc bubble through a visual sensing method." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 251 (2018): pp. 95-108.
• [42] Wang, Jianfeng, et al. "Effect of ultrasonic vibration on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of underwater wet welding joint." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 246 (2017): pp. 185-197.
• [43] Wang, Jianxin, et al. "Numerical study on the temperature field of underwater flux-cored wire arc cutting process." The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 91.5-8 (2017): pp. 2777-2786.
• [44] Feng, Jicai, et al. "Investigation on dynamic behaviors of bubble evolution in underwater wet flux-cored arc welding." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 28 (2017): pp. 156- 167.
• [45] Shi, Yonghua, et al. "Porosity and microstructure of underwater wet FCAW of duplex stainless steel." Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis 6.5 (2017): pp. 383-389.
• [46] Li, HongLiang, et al. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of underwater wet welded high-carbon-equivalent steel Q460 using austenitic consumables." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 249 (2017): pp. 149-157.