Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children

Mesut Yılmaz; Ayşe Dilek Öğretir Özçelik

doi:10.17679/inuefd.1803577

TR EN

Anneler ve 4-5 Yaşındaki Çocuklar için Ekran Kullanım Ölçeklerinin Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmada, okul öncesi eğitime devam eden 4 ve 5 yaşlarındaki çocukların ve annelerin ekran kullanımlarını belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir iki ölçme aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ölçeklerin yapı geçerliği, açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile test edilmiştir. Ölçeklerin güvenirlikleri, cronbach alpha güvenirlik katsayısı, madde toplam puan korelasyonu ve alt üst %27’lik kesim için ayırtedicilik testi ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırma, 2024-2025 eğitim öğretim yılında Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan bir ildeki anaokullarında eğitim görmekte olan 4 ve 5 yaşlarındaki 382 çocuk ve onların anneleriyle yürütülmüştür. Yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda annelerin ekran kullanımını ölçen aracın 6 faktör ve 24 maddeden oluştuğu, çocukların ekran kullanımını ölçen aracın ise 3 faktör ve 17 maddeden oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ortaya çıkan yapılar doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeklerin güvenirlik analizinde cronbach alpha güvenirlik katsayısı annelerin ekran kullanımını ölçen araç için .844 ve çocukların ekran kullanımını ölçen araç için ise .845 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çocuk Ekran Kullanım Ölçeği, 4 ve 5 yaşındaki çocukların ekran kullanımlarını; Anne Ekran Kullanım Ölçeği, annelerin ekran kullanımlarını geçerli ve güvenilir bir şekilde ölçebilmektedir. Çocuk Ekran Kullanım Ölçeği ve Anne Ekran Kullanım Ölçeği, 4 ve 5 yaşındaki çocuklar ile annelerin davranışlarının ve davranışlarının bağlamlarının daha iyi anlaşılması, açıklanması ve yordanmasını sağlayacaktır.

Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children

Abstract

This study aimed to develop two valid and reliable measurement tools to determine the screen use of 4- and 5-year-old preschool children and their mothers. The construct validity of the scales was tested using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the scales was measured using Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, item-total score correlation, and a discrimination test for the lower 27%. The study was conducted with 382 4- and 5-year-old children and their mothers attending kindergartens in a province in the Eastern Anatolia Region during the 2024-2025 academic year. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it was determined that the tool measuring mothers' screen use consisted of 6 factors and 24 items, while the tool measuring children's screen use consisted of 3 factors and 17 items. The structures emerging from the exploratory factor analysis were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. In the reliability analysis of the scales, the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined to be .844 for the instrument measuring mothers' screen use and .845 for the instrument measuring children's screen use. The Child Screen Use Scale can validly and reliably measure screen use in 4- and 5-year-old children, and the Mother Screen Use Scale can measure mothers' screen use. The Child Screen Use Scale and the Mother Screen Use Scale will enable a better understanding, explanation, and prediction of the behaviors and contexts of 4- and 5-year-old children and mothers.

Keywords

Child, Mother, Scale Development, Screen Use

Supporting Institution

No financial support was received within the scope of the study.

Ethical Statement

Prior to the research, the ethics committee approval of the research was obtained, the necessary permissions were obtained from the institutions where the research would be conducted, and Scientific Research and Publication Ethics were complied with throughout the research.

Thanks

We would like to thank Gazi University Ethics Committee, Malatya Provincial Directorate of National Education and the participants who took part in the study.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Early Childhood Education, Child Development Education

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mesut Yılmaz ^*
0000-0002-5918-9755
Türkiye

Ayşe Dilek Öğretir Özçelik
0000-0002-6380-4757
Türkiye

Publication Date

April 30, 2026

Submission Date

October 15, 2025

Acceptance Date

April 11, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 27 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1803577

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA69LF77HK

APA

Yılmaz, M., & Öğretir Özçelik, A. D. (2026). Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children. İnönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 27(1), 213-227. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1803577

AMA

1.Yılmaz M, Öğretir Özçelik AD. Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children. INUJFE. 2026;27(1):213-227. doi:10.17679/inuefd.1803577

Chicago

Yılmaz, Mesut, and Ayşe Dilek Öğretir Özçelik. 2026. “Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children”. İnönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education 27 (1): 213-27. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1803577.

EndNote

Yılmaz M, Öğretir Özçelik AD (April 1, 2026) Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children. İnönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education 27 1 213–227.

IEEE

[1]M. Yılmaz and A. D. Öğretir Özçelik, “Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children”, INUJFE, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 213–227, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.17679/inuefd.1803577.

ISNAD

Yılmaz, Mesut - Öğretir Özçelik, Ayşe Dilek. “Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children”. İnönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education 27/1 (April 1, 2026): 213-227. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1803577.

JAMA

1.Yılmaz M, Öğretir Özçelik AD. Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children. INUJFE. 2026;27:213–227.

MLA

Yılmaz, Mesut, and Ayşe Dilek Öğretir Özçelik. “Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children”. İnönü University Journal of the Faculty of Education, vol. 27, no. 1, Apr. 2026, pp. 213-27, doi:10.17679/inuefd.1803577.

Vancouver

1.Mesut Yılmaz, Ayşe Dilek Öğretir Özçelik. Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children. INUJFE. 2026 Apr. 1;27(1):213-27. doi:10.17679/inuefd.1803577

Anneler ve 4-5 Yaşındaki Çocuklar için Ekran Kullanım Ölçeklerinin Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Developing Screen Use Scales for Mothers and 4-5-Year-Old Children

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ethical Statement

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite