HAREZMI EDUCATION MODEL IN PRIMARY MATHEMATICS EFFECTS ON PROBLEM-SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING
Abstract
Interdisciplinary approaches in education play a crucial role in developing students’ real-world mathematical problem-solving (MPS) skills and critical thinking (CT) skills. One such approach, the Harezmi Education Model (HEM), integrates mathematics, science, computer technologies, social sciences, the arts, and sports through data-driven, technology-supported learning environments. This research sought to explore how the HEM can be incorporated into primary mathematics teaching and to determine its effect on learners’ MPS and CT skills. The study was designed according to an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach. During the quantitative stage, a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest model was implemented with fourth-grade students, who were separated into an experimental group (n = 26) and a control group (n = 26). In the subsequent qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 15 primary school teachers. The quantitative data were examined through multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), whereas the qualitative data were interpreted using content analysis. The results demonstrated that instruction grounded in HEM produced statistically significant improvements in students’ MPS and CT skills. Teacher perspectives further indicated that HEM supports interdisciplinary learning and real-world connections, although challenges related to resources, time management, and teacher preparedness were noted. Overall, the results suggest that HEM offers a promising interdisciplinary framework for enhancing mathematics instruction and 21st-century skills in primary education.
Keywords
Harezmi education model, mathematical problem-solving, critical thinking, interdisciplinary learning, primary education.
Ethical Statement
The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and the ethical standards set by the Turkish Council of Higher Education. Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Bayburt University on May 07, 2025 (Decision No: 195; Session No: 5), covering both the implementation and data collection phases. Participants’ rights and confidentiality were protected throughout the study. Data were collected solely for scientific purposes, analyzed anonymously, and handled in line with institutional regulations. The authors declare that they have adhered to ethical standards at all stages and declare no conflict of interest.
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