COMPARISON OF VALUES: GERMAN (BERLIN) SACHUNTERRICHT AND TURKISH LIFE STUDIES TEXTBOOK EXAMPLES

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 62 - 77, 30.06.2022

Nur Ütkür Güllühan , Derya Bekiroğlu

https://doi.org/10.55020/iojpe.1052523

Abstract

This comparative educational study aims to analyze the values in the Sachunterricht (Social Studies) 1/2 textbook in Germany and in the 2nd-grade Social Studies textbook in Turkey according to the “Basic Human Values Theory”. For this purpose, the method of the study is the case study design, which is a qualitative research design, and the data were analyzed with the method of document analysis. Descriptive analyses were used in the analysis of the data. According to the results of the study, while values were emphasized 187 times in the units in the German Sachunterricht textbook, they were emphasized 328 times in the units of the Turkish 2nd-grade Social Studies textbook. Moreover, in the textbooks of both countries, the "conformity / rules", and "conformity / interpersonal" value types were emphasized. Additionally, the "universalism / nature" value type was included in each unit in the 2nd-grade Social Studies textbook of Turkey, and this value was included in only the unit related to nature in the Sachunterricht 1/2 textbook in Germany. It was concluded that values are shaped within the framework of multiculturalism in the German Sachunterricht (Social Studies) 1/2 textbook, whereas they are presented based on family, relatives, close environment, relationships, and cooperation in the Turkish 2nd-grade Social Studies textbook.

Keywords

Turkey, Germany, social studies, values education, comparative education.

References

• Aktepe, V., & Gürbüz., M. (2019). Kuramdan uygulamaya hayat bilgisi [Life studies from theory to practice]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Publishing..
• Antlová, A., Chudý, Š., Buchtová, T., & Kučerová, L. (2015). The importance of values in the constructivist theory of knowledge. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 203, 210-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.08.284
• Bacanlı, H. & Dombaycı, M. A. (2012). Değer eğitiminde değer boyutlandırma yaklaşımı (Bildiri), II. Uluslararası Değerler ve Eğitimi Sempozyumu [Value sizing approach in value education (Public), II. In the International Values and Education Symposium (pp. 889-912)]. İstanbul: DEM Publishing.
• Brown, E., Chen, D., Davies, I., Urbina Garcia, A., & Munguia Godinez, I. (2019). Educating young people about society in China, England, Mexico and Spain: similar approaches to values education from different contexts. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 51(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2019.1647513
• Dinçer, D. (2018). Değer bilinçlendirme yaklaşımı [Value awareness approach]. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 58, 249-254. https://doi.org/10.26650/JECS476680
• Dokumacı, A., Özdemir-Gök, N., and Dokumacı, Z. (2019). 2. sınıf Hayat Bilgisi ders kitabı [2nd grade Life Studies textbook]. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Publishing.
• Egger, U., Felbauer, C., Hallitzky, M., Kollmaier, M., & Valdix, K. (2020). Erlebniswelt 1 / 2. Berlin: Oldenbourg Publishing.
• Ekşi, H., & Kaya, Ç. (2021). Values education processes in Turkish elementary schools: A multiple case study. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 8(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2021.8.1.389
• Fichter, J. (2015). Sosyoloji nedir?[What is sociology]. (Trans. Nilgün Çelebi). Ankara: Anı Publishing..
• Han, H., Park, S. C., Kim, J., Jeong, C., Kunii, Y., & Kim, S. (2018). A quantitative analysis of moral exemplars presented in moral education textbooks in Korea and Japan. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 38(1), 6277. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2018.1423950
• Heng, M. A., Blau, I., Fulmer, G. W., Bi, X., & Pereira, A. (2017). Adolescents finding purpose: Comparing purpose and life satisfaction in the context of Singaporean and Israeli moral education. Journal of Moral Education, 46(3), 308-322. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2017.1345724
• Kafadar, T. (2019). Comparison of social studies curricula and textbooks of Turkey, USA and France in terms of values education. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Marmara University. Institute of Educational Sciences. Turkey.
• Kopelman, R. E., Rovenpor, J. L., & Guan, M. (2003). The study of values: Construction of the fourth edition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62(2), 203-220.
• Kowasch, M., & Lippe, D. F. (2019). Moral impasses in sustainability education? Empirical results from school geography in Austria and Germany. Environmental Education Research, 25(7), 1066-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00047-7
• Mereya, Z., Kuş, Z., & Karatekin, K. (2012). Türkiye ve ABD ilköğretim sosyal bilgiler öğretim programlarının değerler eğitimi açısından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of Turkey and USA primary education social studies curricula in terms of values education ]. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 12(2), 1613-1626.
• Ministerium für Bildung, Jugend und Sport des Landes Brandenburg (MBJS). (2004). Rahmenlehrplan Grundschule. Berlin: Wissenschaft und Technik Verlag.
• Mulkey, Y. J. (1997) The history of character education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 68(9), 35-37, https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1997.10605027
• Patton, M. Q. (2018). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri [Qualitative research and evaluation methods] (Trans. M. Bütün, S. Beşir Demir). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Publishing.
• Rokeach, M. (1982). On the validity of Spranger-based measures of value similarity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 88-89. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.42.1.88
• Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.). San Diego: CA, Academic Press.
• Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents? Journal of Social Issues, 4, 1945.
• Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An overview of the Schwartz theory of basic values. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1116
• Schwartz, S. H., & Bilsky, W. (1987). Towards a psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 550-562.
• Schwartz, S. H., & Bilsky, W. (1990). Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: Extensions and cross-cultural replications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 878-891.
• Schwartz, S. H., Cieciuch, J., Vecchione, M., & Davidov, E. (2012). Refining the theory of basic values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(4), 663-688. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0029393
• SenBJF, (2017). Überblick, Rahmenlehrplan 1-10 kompakt Themen und Inhalte des Berliner Unterrichts im. Berlin: Senatsverwaltung für Bildung, Jugend und Familie.
• Sönmez, V. (2010). Hayat Bilgisi öğretimi (6. baskı) [Life studies teaching (6th ed.)]. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.
• Şentürk, L., & Aktaş, E. (2015). Türkiye'de ve Romanya'da okutulan ana dili Türkçe ders kitaplarının değer iletimi açısından karşılaştırılması [Comparison of mother tongue Turkish textbooks taught in Turkey and Romania in terms of value transmission]. Journal of Values Education, 13(29), 215-243.
• Tan, B. P., Naidu, N. B. M., & Jamil, Z. (2018). Moral values and good citizens in a multi-ethnic society: A content analysis of moral education textbooks in Malaysia. The Journal of Social Studies Research, 42(2), 119-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssr.2017.05.004
• Tabak, S., & Yaylak, E. (2020). The place of root values in social studies textbook. International Journal of Eurasian Education and Culture, 8, 1-51.
• Tse, T. K.-C., & Zhang, L. (2017). Changing mode of regulation: Role models in moral education textbooks for primary schools in China, 1999–2005. Frontiers of Education in China, 12(1), 52-74. https://doi.org/10.3868/s110-006-017-0004-2
• Turkish Ministry of National Education (MONE). (2018). Hayat bilgisi öğretim programı [Life studies curriculum]. Ankara: Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Publishing.
• Ulusoy, K., & Dilmaç, B. (2020). Değerler eğitimi (6. Baskı) [Values education (6th Edition)]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Publishing.
• Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in the social sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.