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PUBLIC VS PRIVATE QUALITY EDUCATION AT PRIMARY LEVEL IN PAKISTAN

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 1 - 23, 31.12.2017

Öz

Pakistan is an ethnically and religiously diverse country of over 190 million people. There are 22.6 million boys and girls out of school that’s nearly half (44%) of all children in the country. This study was designed to assess comparative quality measures of primary level education at both public and private institutions of Pakistan. This study based on secondary data specially focused on ASER Pakistan Survey Report 2015 that was conducted in 146 rural districts of Pakistan, covering 83,755 households in 4,217 villages throughout the country. Detailed information was collected on 258,021 children (59% males, 41% females) aged 3-16 years. Out of these 219,609 children aged 5-16 years were tested for language and arithmetic competencies. It was found that Public schools lacking with trained teaching staff, well equipped classrooms and good policy and administration. While the other hand private schools deficient of well-educated staff, good infrastructure and self-motivation. It was recommended that the Government needs to realize this situation and to equalize the standards of public and private sector to achieve vigorous quality education at this level.

Kaynakça

  • Annual Status of Education (ASER Pakistan) Reports 2012-16. file:///C:/Users/SABIL/Desktop/ASER_National_Report_2015.pdf.
  • Pakistan Education Statistics 2015-16 file:///C:/Users/SABIL/Desktop/Pakistan%20Education%20Statistics%202015-16.pdf
  • Z. Nasir and H. Nazli (2010), “Education And Earnings In Pakistan”, Working Papers & Research Reports, No. 1991, PP. 1–25.
  • Gorard, S., 2015. The complex determinants of school intake characteristics, England 1989–2014. Cambridge Journal of Education 46 (1), 131–146.
  • Blevins, B. M. (2009). Effects of socioeconomic status on academic performance in Missouri public schools. Retrieved from http://gradworks.umi.com/3372318.pdf
  • Gorard, S., 2016. How prepared do newly-qualified teachers feel? Differences between routes and settings. Journal of Education for Teaching 43, 1. http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/02607476.2016.122070.
  • Andrabi, Tahir, Jishnu Das, and Asim Ijaz Khwaja. 2011. "Students Today, Teachers Tomorrow? Identifying Constraints on the Provision of Education." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 5674. Washington DC: World Bank
  • Kalogrides, D., Loeb, S., 2013. Different teachers, different peers. Educational Researcher 42 (6), 304–316.
  • SAPS. 2010. Private Sector Education in Pakistan: Mapping and Musing. Islamabad: Institute of Social and Policy Sciences.
  • Andrabi, Tahir, A. Khwaja and J. Das, Schooling of Last Resort? Madrassa, Private or Public Schools, WP 2010
  • Ravitch, Diane. 2010b. "Scholar's School Reform U-Turn Shakes Up Debate." The New York Times. Retrieved on August 30, 2011 (http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/03/education/ 03ravitch.htm).
  • H. Begum and M. M. Sadruddin (2013), “A Study of Administrative Issues in Secondary Schools of Quetta”, Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 4, No. 3, PP. 297–306.
  • Khan (2012), “Instructional Management of A Private and A Government Secondary School Principal in Northern Pakistan”, International Journal of Educational Development, Vol. 32, No. 1, PP. 120–131.
  • M. N. Tariq, S. John, M. S. Ishaque, And G. M. Burfat (2012), “A Comparative Study Of Public And Private Schools Headteachers Vision For School Improvement”, Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, Vol 4, PP. 174–183.
  • Ali, Z., 2013. State of desolation: Operating without registration, private schools face no penalties. Express tribune. http://tribune.com.pk/story/646348/ state-of-desolation-operating-without-registration-private-schools-face-no-penalties/.
  • Poverty in Asia: A deeper look (Special chapter) in Key indicators for Asia and the Pacific (45 edition). http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/43030/ ki2014_0.pdf.
  • M. Nishimura and T. Yamano (2013), “Emerging Private Education in Africa: Determinants of School Choice in Rural Kenya”, World Development, Vol. 43, No. 2013, PP. 266–275.
  • R. Ejaz, A. Khan, S. Noreen, And M. Raza (2012), “Household Choice Of Public Versus Private Schooling, A Case Study Of Bahawalpur City”, Middle-East Journal Of Scientific Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, PP. 94–99.
  • Alimi Baba Gana (2011), “An Assessment Of Teacher’s Job Satisfaction and Job Performance In Three Selected Secondary Schools of Borno State, Nigeria”, Contenetal J. Education Research, Vol. 4, No. 1, PP. 28–24.
  • Chudgar, E., Quin, A., 2012. Relationship between private schooling and achievement: Results from rural and urban India. Economics of Education Review 31, 376–390.
  • Government of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 2014. [Online]. Available: www.Ajk.Gov.Pk.
  • Official Website of Planning and Development Muzaffarabad - AJK [Online]. Available: Http://Pndajk.Gov.Pk/2013.
  • National Report (2012), “Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Pakistan” - Pakistan United Nations Children’s Fund (Unicef), Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Collado, D., Lomos, C., Nicaise, I., 2015. The effects of classroom socioeconomic composition on student’s civic knowledge in Chile. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 26 (3), 415–440.
  • F. Oluremi (2013), “Principals Organizational Management And Students Academic Achievement In Secondary Schools In Ekiti- State Nigeria”, Singaporean Journal Of Business Economics and Management Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, PP. 76–84.
  • G. O. Oyinloye (2010), “Primary School Teachers’ Perception Of Classroom Management And Its Influence On Pupils’ Activities,” European Journal Of Educational Studies, Vol. 2, No. 3, PP. 305–312.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 1 - 23, 31.12.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Annual Status of Education (ASER Pakistan) Reports 2012-16. file:///C:/Users/SABIL/Desktop/ASER_National_Report_2015.pdf.
  • Pakistan Education Statistics 2015-16 file:///C:/Users/SABIL/Desktop/Pakistan%20Education%20Statistics%202015-16.pdf
  • Z. Nasir and H. Nazli (2010), “Education And Earnings In Pakistan”, Working Papers & Research Reports, No. 1991, PP. 1–25.
  • Gorard, S., 2015. The complex determinants of school intake characteristics, England 1989–2014. Cambridge Journal of Education 46 (1), 131–146.
  • Blevins, B. M. (2009). Effects of socioeconomic status on academic performance in Missouri public schools. Retrieved from http://gradworks.umi.com/3372318.pdf
  • Gorard, S., 2016. How prepared do newly-qualified teachers feel? Differences between routes and settings. Journal of Education for Teaching 43, 1. http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/02607476.2016.122070.
  • Andrabi, Tahir, Jishnu Das, and Asim Ijaz Khwaja. 2011. "Students Today, Teachers Tomorrow? Identifying Constraints on the Provision of Education." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 5674. Washington DC: World Bank
  • Kalogrides, D., Loeb, S., 2013. Different teachers, different peers. Educational Researcher 42 (6), 304–316.
  • SAPS. 2010. Private Sector Education in Pakistan: Mapping and Musing. Islamabad: Institute of Social and Policy Sciences.
  • Andrabi, Tahir, A. Khwaja and J. Das, Schooling of Last Resort? Madrassa, Private or Public Schools, WP 2010
  • Ravitch, Diane. 2010b. "Scholar's School Reform U-Turn Shakes Up Debate." The New York Times. Retrieved on August 30, 2011 (http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/03/education/ 03ravitch.htm).
  • H. Begum and M. M. Sadruddin (2013), “A Study of Administrative Issues in Secondary Schools of Quetta”, Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 4, No. 3, PP. 297–306.
  • Khan (2012), “Instructional Management of A Private and A Government Secondary School Principal in Northern Pakistan”, International Journal of Educational Development, Vol. 32, No. 1, PP. 120–131.
  • M. N. Tariq, S. John, M. S. Ishaque, And G. M. Burfat (2012), “A Comparative Study Of Public And Private Schools Headteachers Vision For School Improvement”, Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, Vol 4, PP. 174–183.
  • Ali, Z., 2013. State of desolation: Operating without registration, private schools face no penalties. Express tribune. http://tribune.com.pk/story/646348/ state-of-desolation-operating-without-registration-private-schools-face-no-penalties/.
  • Poverty in Asia: A deeper look (Special chapter) in Key indicators for Asia and the Pacific (45 edition). http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/43030/ ki2014_0.pdf.
  • M. Nishimura and T. Yamano (2013), “Emerging Private Education in Africa: Determinants of School Choice in Rural Kenya”, World Development, Vol. 43, No. 2013, PP. 266–275.
  • R. Ejaz, A. Khan, S. Noreen, And M. Raza (2012), “Household Choice Of Public Versus Private Schooling, A Case Study Of Bahawalpur City”, Middle-East Journal Of Scientific Research, Vol. 11, No. 1, PP. 94–99.
  • Alimi Baba Gana (2011), “An Assessment Of Teacher’s Job Satisfaction and Job Performance In Three Selected Secondary Schools of Borno State, Nigeria”, Contenetal J. Education Research, Vol. 4, No. 1, PP. 28–24.
  • Chudgar, E., Quin, A., 2012. Relationship between private schooling and achievement: Results from rural and urban India. Economics of Education Review 31, 376–390.
  • Government of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 2014. [Online]. Available: www.Ajk.Gov.Pk.
  • Official Website of Planning and Development Muzaffarabad - AJK [Online]. Available: Http://Pndajk.Gov.Pk/2013.
  • National Report (2012), “Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Pakistan” - Pakistan United Nations Children’s Fund (Unicef), Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Collado, D., Lomos, C., Nicaise, I., 2015. The effects of classroom socioeconomic composition on student’s civic knowledge in Chile. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 26 (3), 415–440.
  • F. Oluremi (2013), “Principals Organizational Management And Students Academic Achievement In Secondary Schools In Ekiti- State Nigeria”, Singaporean Journal Of Business Economics and Management Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, PP. 76–84.
  • G. O. Oyinloye (2010), “Primary School Teachers’ Perception Of Classroom Management And Its Influence On Pupils’ Activities,” European Journal Of Educational Studies, Vol. 2, No. 3, PP. 305–312.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Muhammad Sabil Farooq Bu kişi benim

Nazia Feroze Bu kişi benim

Yuan Tong Kaı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Farooq, M. S., Feroze, N., & Kaı, Y. T. (2017). PUBLIC VS PRIVATE QUALITY EDUCATION AT PRIMARY LEVEL IN PAKISTAN. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 6(2), 1-23.

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