GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR

Süleyman Turan

-

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 30, 135 - 172, 25.05.2015

Öz

Sin, Sickness or an Alternative Life Style?: Refractions of Modern Jewish Sects on Homosexuality It can be observed that as a consequence of growing demands for sexual freedom starting in the 1960s the number of homosexuals and the movements they formed grew remarkably. Though homosexuality continues to be considered a crime in quite a number of countries, during the past years the number of those countries began to decrease. As a consequence of campaigns, homosexuals in some countries like Holland, Belgium and Sweden obtained some important legal gains such as the rights to marry and to adopt children. This situation evoked and still evokes intensive reactions and various protests led by spiritual leaders of religious traditions as Islam, Christianity and Judaism who attach great importance to the concept of family and to a healthy upbringing of new generations. It is safe to say that for Judaism it is seen as a challenge that during the last years the number of homosexu-‐‑als in its congregations increased, that there are demands for official marriage ceremonies for homo-‐‑sexuals performed by rabbis and for homosexuals to be appointed as rabbis. Jewish thinkers and rabbis have produced different approaches to this challenge. This article tries to put forth the outlines of this approaches and the perspectives of modern Jewish sects or branches on the matter.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Judaism, Modern Jewish Sects, Homosexuality, Heterosexual, Gay, Lesbian, Ste-‐‑ven Greenberg

Kaynakça

Alexander, Aaron, “Rituals and Documents of Marriage and Divorce for Same-‐‑Sex Couples”, EH 24 (2012), http://www.rabbinicalassembly.org/sites/default/files/public/halakhah/teshuvot /2011-‐‑2020/alexander-‐‑same-‐‑sex-‐‑concurrance.pdf (25.12.2013).
Alpert, Rebecca T., “Sex in Jewish Law and Culture”, Sexuality and the World’s Religions, ed. David W. Machacek & Melissa M. Wilcox, ABC-‐‑CLIO, 2003, ss. 179-‐‑202.
_______, “In God’s Image: Coming to Terms with Leviticus”, Voices of the Religious Left, ed. Rebacca T. Alpert, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000, ss. 215-‐‑222.
_______, “Lesbianism in the Jewish Tradition”, Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions, ed. Yudit Kornberg Greenberg, Colorada: ABC-‐‑CLIO Inc., 2008, ss. 364-‐‑365.
_______, “Same-‐‑sex Marriage and the Law”, http://keshet.wpengine.netdna-‐‑cdn.com/wp-‐‑content/uploads/2012/02/Same-‐‑sex-‐‑ Marriage-‐‑and-‐‑the-‐‑Law.pdf (25.12.2013).
_______, “Challenging Male/Female Complementarity: Jewish Lesbia-‐‑ nism and Jewish Tradition”, People of the Body: Jews and Judaism from an Embodied Perspective, ed. Howard Eilberg-‐‑Schwartz, New York: Suny Press, 1992, ss. 361-‐‑ 378.
Ariel, Yaakov, “GLBTQ. Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgendered, and Questioning: Judaism”, Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia, ed. Jeffrey S.
Siker, London: Greenwood Press, 2007, ss. 138-‐‑144.
Besalel, Yusuf, Yahudilik Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul: Gözlem Gazetecilik Basın ve Yayın A.Ş., 2001, c. I-‐‑III.
Broyde, Michael J., “The End of Conservative Judaism”, The Jewish Week, (9 Şubat 2007), http://torahmusings.com/2007/02/end-‐‑of-‐‑conservative-‐‑judaism/ (25.12.2013).
Cohn, Haim Hermann, “Sexual Offenses: Introduction”, Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed.: Fred Skolnik, New York: Thomson Gale, II. Baskı, 2007, c. XVIII, ss. 329-‐‑330.
Dorff, Elliot N., “‘This is My Beloved, This is My Friend’: Sex and the Family”, Love Your Neighbor and Yourself: A Jewish Approach to Modern Personal Ethics, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 2003, ss. 73-‐‑126.
_______, Conservative Judaism: Our Ancestors To Our Descendants, New York: National Youth Commission, II. Baskı, 1998.
Dorff, Elliot N., Daniel S. Nevins & Avram I. Reisner, “Homosexuality, Human Dignity & Halakhah: A Combined Responsum for the Comittee on Jewish Law and Standards”, Rabbinical Assembly of America, 2006.
Dynes, Wayne R. & Johansson, Warren, “Homosexual (Term)”, Encyclo-‐‑ pedia of Homosexuality, ed. Wayne R. Dynes, Garland Publishing, 1990, I, ss. 555-‐‑ 556.
_______, “Gay”, Encyclopedia of Homosexuality, ed. Wayne R. Dynes, Gar-‐‑ land Publishing, 1990, I, ss. 455-‐‑456.
Edwards, James R., “The Bible and the Practice of Homosexuality”, Theo-‐‑ logy Matters, (May/Jun 1995), ss. 1-‐‑12.
Eger, Denise L., “Embracing Lesbians and Gay Men: A Reform Jewish Innovation”, Contemporary Debates in American Reform Judaism, ed. Dana Evan
Kaplan, New York: Routledge, 2001, ss. 180-‐‑192.
Eisenstein, Ira, “Discrimination is Wrong”, Judaism, 32 (1983), ss. 415-‐‑416.
Elon, Menachem, “Sexual Offenses: In the State of Israel”, Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed.: Fred Skolnik, New York: Thomson Gale, II. Baskı, 2007, c. XVIII, ss. 330-‐‑332.
Feiner, Shmuel, The Jewish Enlightenment, trans. Chaya Naor, Philadelp-‐‑ hia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.
Feldman, David M., "ʺHomosexuality and Jewish Law,"ʺ Judaism, 32/4 (l983), ss. 426-‐‑429.
Freundel, Barry, "ʺHomosexuality and Judaism"ʺ, Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society, XI (1986), ss. 70-‐‑87.
Gane, Roy, The New Application Commentary: Leviticus, Numbers, Zonder-‐‑ van, 2004.
Gold, Michael, “Gay and Jewish”, Does God Belong in the Bedroom?, Jewish Publication Society, 1992, ss. 135-‐‑160.
Greenberg, Steven, “Gayness and God: Wrestlings of an Orthodox Rab-‐‑ bi”, Tikkun, 8/5 (September-‐‑October 1993), ss. 54-‐‑60.
_______, “Trembling Before God on Yom Kippur”, CLAL Community and Society Archive, http://www.clal.org/csa59.html
_______, Wrestling With God & Men: Homosexuality in Jewish Tradition, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2004.
Grossman, Naomi, “The Gay Orthodox Underground”, Moment (April 2001), https://www.keshetonline.org/wp-‐‑content/uploads/2012/02/The-‐‑Gay-‐‑ Orthodox-‐‑Underground.pdf (25.12.2013).
Gürkan, Salime Leyla, Yahudilik, İstanbul: İsam Yayınları, 2008.
Herdt, Gilbert, “Homosexuality”, Encyclopedia of Religion, ed. Lindsay Jones, New York: Macmillan, II. Baskı, 2005, c. VI, ss. 4111-‐‑4118.
Hochstein, Dave, “Homosexuality in Judaism”, Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions, ed. Yudit Kornberg Greenberg, Colorada: ABC-‐‑CLIO Inc., 2008, ss. 309-‐‑311.
Jakobovits, Immanuel, “Homosexuality”, Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed.: Fred Skolnik, New York: Thomson Gale, II. Baskı, 2007, c. IX, ss. 516.
Kaplan, Dana Evan, American Reform Judaism: An Introduction, NJ: Rut-‐‑ gers University Press, 2003.
Karesh, Sara E. & Hurvitz, Mitchell M., “Lesbianism”, Encyclopedia of Ju-‐‑ daism, eds., Sara E. Karesh & Mitchell M. Hurvitz, New York: Facts on File, 2006, s. 290.
King, Dave, “Gender Blinding: Medical Perspectives and Technology”, Blending Genders: Social Aspects of Cross-‐‑dressing and Sex Changing, eds.: Richard Ekins & Dave King, London: Routledge, 1996, ss. 79-‐‑98.
Klein, Aaron, “RIETS Musmach Announces His Homosexuality”, Yeshiva University Commentator, 64/1,
http://commie.droryikra.com/v64i1/news/gayrabbi.shtml (25.12.2013).
Kurt, Ali Osman, “Yahudi Aydınlanma Hareketi: Haskala, Milel ve Nihal, 7/1 (2010), ss. 33-‐‑59.
Lamm, Norman, “Homosexuality in Judaism”, The Encyclopedia of Juda-‐‑ ism, eds.: Jacob Neusner, Alan J. Avery-‐‑Peck and W. Scott Green, Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2005, c. II, ss. 1048-‐‑1065.
Lang, Sabine, “Homosexuality/Homoeroticism”, Brill Dictionary of Reli-‐‑ gion, ed. Kocku von Stuckrad, Leiden: Brill, c. II, ss. 878-‐‑881.
Lehrman, Nathaniel S., “Homosexuality and Judaism: Are They Compa-‐‑ tible?”, Judaism, 32/4, ss. 392-‐‑404.
Maggiore, Dolores J., “Lesbianism”, Encyclopedia of Homosexuality, ed. Wayne R. Dynes, Garland Publishing, 1990, I, ss. 708-‐‑721.
Matt, Hershel J., “Sin, Crime, Sickness or Alternative Life Style?: A Jewish Approach to Homosexuality”, Judaism, XXVII (Winter 1978), ss. 13-‐‑24.
Michaelson, Jay, “Conservative Judaism: Good For The Gays?”, Tikkun, 22/2 (2007), s. 57.
Morgan, Peggy & Lawton, Clive A., Ethical Issues in Six Religious Traditi-‐‑ ons, II. Baskı, Columbia University Press, 2007.
Morris, Bonnie J., “Challenge, Criticism and Compassion: Modern Jewish Responses to Jewish Homosexuals”, Jewish Social Studies, 49/3-‐‑4 (1987), ss. 283-‐‑292.
Öksüz, Adil, Ceza Hükümleri Açısından Tevrat ve Kur’an, İstanbul: Yeni Akademi Yayınları, 2005.
Parrinder, Geoffrey, Dünya Dinlerinde Cinsel Ahlak, çev. Niran Elçi, İstan-‐‑ bul: Say Yay., 2003.
Powers, Amber, “Judaism and Same-‐‑sex Marriage”, www.myjewishlearning.com/life/Sex_and_Sexuality/Homosexuality/Sa me_Sex_Marriage.shtml (25.12.2013).
Prouser, Joseph H., “The Conservative Movement and Homosexuality: Setteled Law in Unsettling Times”, United Synagogue Review, (Fall 2006),
http://www.uscj.org/images/prouser.pdf (25.12.2013).
Ruttenberg, Roee, “Orthodox Rabbi Marries Gay Couple in Historic Wedding in DC”, http://archive.is/NiN1 (25.12.2013).
Sands, Kathleen M., “Homosexuality, Religion, and the Law: Judaism”, Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia, ed. Jeffrey S. Siker, London: Greenwood Press, 2007, ss. 5-‐‑6.
Shafer, Teresa M., Is Homosexuality is a Sin? A Biblical Answer, 2008.
Shafran, Avi, “Dissembling Before G-‐‑d -‐‑The Agudath Israel Reponse-‐‑”, www.jewishjournal.com/arts/article/dissembling_before_gd_20020222 (25.12.2013).
Teibel, Amy, “Gay Rabbis Approved in Israel, Conservative Judaism Makes Decision”, www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/20/gay-‐‑rabbis-‐‑approved-‐‑ in-‐‑israel_n_1439936.html (25.12.2013).
The Hirsch Siddur, New York: Feldheim Publishers, 1997.
Tobin, Robert D., “Kertbeny’s “Homosexuality” and the Language of Nationalism”, Genealogies of Identity: Interdisciplinary Readings on Sex and Sexua-‐‑ lity, eds. Margaret Sönser Breen & Fiona Peters, Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2005, ss. 3-‐‑ 18.
Turhan, Muharrem Turhan, Cinsellik ve Din, İstanbul: Rağbet Yay., 2010.
Yasdıman, Hakkı Ş., “Yahudi Dininde Ailenin Yeri”, Dokuz Eylül Üniver-‐‑ sitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13-‐‑14 (2001), ss. 241-‐‑266.
Zeidman, Reena, “Marginal Discourse: Lesbianism in Jewish Law”, Wo-‐‑ men in Judaism: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1/1 (1997), http://www.utoronto.ca/wjudaism/journal/vol1n1/v1n1zeid.htm (25.12.2013).

GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 30, 135 - 172, 25.05.2015

Süleyman Turan

Öz

1960’lardan itibaren artan cinsel özgürlük talepleri neticesinde homoseksüellerin ve onların oluşturduğu hareketlerin sayısının dikkate değer bir şekilde arttığı bilinmektedir. Birçok ülkede homoseksüellik bir suç olarak kabul edilmeye devam etmekle birlikte son yıllarda bu ülkelerin sayısının azalmaya başladığı ve yürütülen kampanyalar neticesinde homoseksüellerin Hollanda, Belçika ve İsveç gibi bazı ülkelerde evlenme ve evlat edinme gibi önemli bazı hukuki kazanımlar elde ettikleri görülmektedir. Bu son durum, aile mefhumuna ve neslin sağlıklı bir şekilde yetiştirilmesine büyük önem veren İslam, Hıristiyanlık ve Yahudilik gibi dinsel geleneklerin din adamlarının öncülük ettiği yoğun tepkilere ve çeşitli protesto gösterilerine yol açmıştır ve açmaya da devam etmektedir. Özellikle son yıllarda Yahudi cemaatleri içinde homoseksüellerin sayısının artmaya başlaması ve dahası evlilik törenlerinin hahamlar tarafından onaylanması ve haham olarak atanmalarına izin verilmesi gibi talepler doğrultusunda homoseksüelliğin Yahudilik için bir meydan okuma olarak görüldüğü söylenebilir. Nitekim Yahudi düşünürleri ve hahamlar bu meydan okumaya dönük farklı söylem ve yaklaşımlar ortaya koymuşlardır. Bu makalede ana hatlarıyla bu yaklaşımlar ve modern Yahudi oluşumlarının/mezheplerinin meseleye bakışları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yahudilik, Modern Yahudi Mezhepleri, Homoseksüellik, Heteroseksüel, Gey, Lezbiyen, Steven Greenberg

Kaynakça

Alexander, Aaron, “Rituals and Documents of Marriage and Divorce for Same-‐‑Sex Couples”, EH 24 (2012), http://www.rabbinicalassembly.org/sites/default/files/public/halakhah/teshuvot /2011-‐‑2020/alexander-‐‑same-‐‑sex-‐‑concurrance.pdf (25.12.2013).
Alpert, Rebecca T., “Sex in Jewish Law and Culture”, Sexuality and the World’s Religions, ed. David W. Machacek & Melissa M. Wilcox, ABC-‐‑CLIO, 2003, ss. 179-‐‑202.
_______, “In God’s Image: Coming to Terms with Leviticus”, Voices of the Religious Left, ed. Rebacca T. Alpert, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000, ss. 215-‐‑222.
_______, “Lesbianism in the Jewish Tradition”, Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions, ed. Yudit Kornberg Greenberg, Colorada: ABC-‐‑CLIO Inc., 2008, ss. 364-‐‑365.
_______, “Same-‐‑sex Marriage and the Law”, http://keshet.wpengine.netdna-‐‑cdn.com/wp-‐‑content/uploads/2012/02/Same-‐‑sex-‐‑ Marriage-‐‑and-‐‑the-‐‑Law.pdf (25.12.2013).
_______, “Challenging Male/Female Complementarity: Jewish Lesbia-‐‑ nism and Jewish Tradition”, People of the Body: Jews and Judaism from an Embodied Perspective, ed. Howard Eilberg-‐‑Schwartz, New York: Suny Press, 1992, ss. 361-‐‑ 378.
Ariel, Yaakov, “GLBTQ. Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgendered, and Questioning: Judaism”, Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia, ed. Jeffrey S.
Siker, London: Greenwood Press, 2007, ss. 138-‐‑144.
Besalel, Yusuf, Yahudilik Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul: Gözlem Gazetecilik Basın ve Yayın A.Ş., 2001, c. I-‐‑III.
Broyde, Michael J., “The End of Conservative Judaism”, The Jewish Week, (9 Şubat 2007), http://torahmusings.com/2007/02/end-‐‑of-‐‑conservative-‐‑judaism/ (25.12.2013).
Cohn, Haim Hermann, “Sexual Offenses: Introduction”, Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed.: Fred Skolnik, New York: Thomson Gale, II. Baskı, 2007, c. XVIII, ss. 329-‐‑330.
Dorff, Elliot N., “‘This is My Beloved, This is My Friend’: Sex and the Family”, Love Your Neighbor and Yourself: A Jewish Approach to Modern Personal Ethics, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 2003, ss. 73-‐‑126.
_______, Conservative Judaism: Our Ancestors To Our Descendants, New York: National Youth Commission, II. Baskı, 1998.
Dorff, Elliot N., Daniel S. Nevins & Avram I. Reisner, “Homosexuality, Human Dignity & Halakhah: A Combined Responsum for the Comittee on Jewish Law and Standards”, Rabbinical Assembly of America, 2006.
Dynes, Wayne R. & Johansson, Warren, “Homosexual (Term)”, Encyclo-‐‑ pedia of Homosexuality, ed. Wayne R. Dynes, Garland Publishing, 1990, I, ss. 555-‐‑ 556.
_______, “Gay”, Encyclopedia of Homosexuality, ed. Wayne R. Dynes, Gar-‐‑ land Publishing, 1990, I, ss. 455-‐‑456.
Edwards, James R., “The Bible and the Practice of Homosexuality”, Theo-‐‑ logy Matters, (May/Jun 1995), ss. 1-‐‑12.
Eger, Denise L., “Embracing Lesbians and Gay Men: A Reform Jewish Innovation”, Contemporary Debates in American Reform Judaism, ed. Dana Evan
Kaplan, New York: Routledge, 2001, ss. 180-‐‑192.
Eisenstein, Ira, “Discrimination is Wrong”, Judaism, 32 (1983), ss. 415-‐‑416.
Elon, Menachem, “Sexual Offenses: In the State of Israel”, Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed.: Fred Skolnik, New York: Thomson Gale, II. Baskı, 2007, c. XVIII, ss. 330-‐‑332.
Feiner, Shmuel, The Jewish Enlightenment, trans. Chaya Naor, Philadelp-‐‑ hia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.
Feldman, David M., "ʺHomosexuality and Jewish Law,"ʺ Judaism, 32/4 (l983), ss. 426-‐‑429.
Freundel, Barry, "ʺHomosexuality and Judaism"ʺ, Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society, XI (1986), ss. 70-‐‑87.
Gane, Roy, The New Application Commentary: Leviticus, Numbers, Zonder-‐‑ van, 2004.
Gold, Michael, “Gay and Jewish”, Does God Belong in the Bedroom?, Jewish Publication Society, 1992, ss. 135-‐‑160.
Greenberg, Steven, “Gayness and God: Wrestlings of an Orthodox Rab-‐‑ bi”, Tikkun, 8/5 (September-‐‑October 1993), ss. 54-‐‑60.
_______, “Trembling Before God on Yom Kippur”, CLAL Community and Society Archive, http://www.clal.org/csa59.html
_______, Wrestling With God & Men: Homosexuality in Jewish Tradition, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2004.
Grossman, Naomi, “The Gay Orthodox Underground”, Moment (April 2001), https://www.keshetonline.org/wp-‐‑content/uploads/2012/02/The-‐‑Gay-‐‑ Orthodox-‐‑Underground.pdf (25.12.2013).
Gürkan, Salime Leyla, Yahudilik, İstanbul: İsam Yayınları, 2008.
Herdt, Gilbert, “Homosexuality”, Encyclopedia of Religion, ed. Lindsay Jones, New York: Macmillan, II. Baskı, 2005, c. VI, ss. 4111-‐‑4118.
Hochstein, Dave, “Homosexuality in Judaism”, Encyclopedia of Love in World Religions, ed. Yudit Kornberg Greenberg, Colorada: ABC-‐‑CLIO Inc., 2008, ss. 309-‐‑311.
Jakobovits, Immanuel, “Homosexuality”, Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed.: Fred Skolnik, New York: Thomson Gale, II. Baskı, 2007, c. IX, ss. 516.
Kaplan, Dana Evan, American Reform Judaism: An Introduction, NJ: Rut-‐‑ gers University Press, 2003.
Karesh, Sara E. & Hurvitz, Mitchell M., “Lesbianism”, Encyclopedia of Ju-‐‑ daism, eds., Sara E. Karesh & Mitchell M. Hurvitz, New York: Facts on File, 2006, s. 290.
King, Dave, “Gender Blinding: Medical Perspectives and Technology”, Blending Genders: Social Aspects of Cross-‐‑dressing and Sex Changing, eds.: Richard Ekins & Dave King, London: Routledge, 1996, ss. 79-‐‑98.
Klein, Aaron, “RIETS Musmach Announces His Homosexuality”, Yeshiva University Commentator, 64/1,
http://commie.droryikra.com/v64i1/news/gayrabbi.shtml (25.12.2013).
Kurt, Ali Osman, “Yahudi Aydınlanma Hareketi: Haskala, Milel ve Nihal, 7/1 (2010), ss. 33-‐‑59.
Lamm, Norman, “Homosexuality in Judaism”, The Encyclopedia of Juda-‐‑ ism, eds.: Jacob Neusner, Alan J. Avery-‐‑Peck and W. Scott Green, Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2005, c. II, ss. 1048-‐‑1065.
Lang, Sabine, “Homosexuality/Homoeroticism”, Brill Dictionary of Reli-‐‑ gion, ed. Kocku von Stuckrad, Leiden: Brill, c. II, ss. 878-‐‑881.
Lehrman, Nathaniel S., “Homosexuality and Judaism: Are They Compa-‐‑ tible?”, Judaism, 32/4, ss. 392-‐‑404.
Maggiore, Dolores J., “Lesbianism”, Encyclopedia of Homosexuality, ed. Wayne R. Dynes, Garland Publishing, 1990, I, ss. 708-‐‑721.
Matt, Hershel J., “Sin, Crime, Sickness or Alternative Life Style?: A Jewish Approach to Homosexuality”, Judaism, XXVII (Winter 1978), ss. 13-‐‑24.
Michaelson, Jay, “Conservative Judaism: Good For The Gays?”, Tikkun, 22/2 (2007), s. 57.
Morgan, Peggy & Lawton, Clive A., Ethical Issues in Six Religious Traditi-‐‑ ons, II. Baskı, Columbia University Press, 2007.
Morris, Bonnie J., “Challenge, Criticism and Compassion: Modern Jewish Responses to Jewish Homosexuals”, Jewish Social Studies, 49/3-‐‑4 (1987), ss. 283-‐‑292.
Öksüz, Adil, Ceza Hükümleri Açısından Tevrat ve Kur’an, İstanbul: Yeni Akademi Yayınları, 2005.
Parrinder, Geoffrey, Dünya Dinlerinde Cinsel Ahlak, çev. Niran Elçi, İstan-‐‑ bul: Say Yay., 2003.
Powers, Amber, “Judaism and Same-‐‑sex Marriage”, www.myjewishlearning.com/life/Sex_and_Sexuality/Homosexuality/Sa me_Sex_Marriage.shtml (25.12.2013).
Prouser, Joseph H., “The Conservative Movement and Homosexuality: Setteled Law in Unsettling Times”, United Synagogue Review, (Fall 2006),
http://www.uscj.org/images/prouser.pdf (25.12.2013).
Ruttenberg, Roee, “Orthodox Rabbi Marries Gay Couple in Historic Wedding in DC”, http://archive.is/NiN1 (25.12.2013).
Sands, Kathleen M., “Homosexuality, Religion, and the Law: Judaism”, Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia, ed. Jeffrey S. Siker, London: Greenwood Press, 2007, ss. 5-‐‑6.
Shafer, Teresa M., Is Homosexuality is a Sin? A Biblical Answer, 2008.
Shafran, Avi, “Dissembling Before G-‐‑d -‐‑The Agudath Israel Reponse-‐‑”, www.jewishjournal.com/arts/article/dissembling_before_gd_20020222 (25.12.2013).
Teibel, Amy, “Gay Rabbis Approved in Israel, Conservative Judaism Makes Decision”, www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/20/gay-‐‑rabbis-‐‑approved-‐‑ in-‐‑israel_n_1439936.html (25.12.2013).
The Hirsch Siddur, New York: Feldheim Publishers, 1997.
Tobin, Robert D., “Kertbeny’s “Homosexuality” and the Language of Nationalism”, Genealogies of Identity: Interdisciplinary Readings on Sex and Sexua-‐‑ lity, eds. Margaret Sönser Breen & Fiona Peters, Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2005, ss. 3-‐‑ 18.
Turhan, Muharrem Turhan, Cinsellik ve Din, İstanbul: Rağbet Yay., 2010.
Yasdıman, Hakkı Ş., “Yahudi Dininde Ailenin Yeri”, Dokuz Eylül Üniver-‐‑ sitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13-‐‑14 (2001), ss. 241-‐‑266.
Zeidman, Reena, “Marginal Discourse: Lesbianism in Jewish Law”, Wo-‐‑ men in Judaism: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1/1 (1997), http://www.utoronto.ca/wjudaism/journal/vol1n1/v1n1zeid.htm (25.12.2013).

Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Süleyman Turan
Yayımlanma Tarihi	25 Mayıs 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2014 Sayı: 30

Kaynak Göster

APA	Turan, S. (2015). GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology(30), 135-172.
AMA	Turan S. GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. Mayıs 2015;(30):135-172.
Chicago	Turan, Süleyman. “GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, sy. 30 (Mayıs 2015): 135-72.
EndNote	Turan S (01 Mayıs 2015) GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 30 135–172.
IEEE	S. Turan, “GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR”, Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, sy. 30, ss. 135–172, Mayıs 2015.
ISNAD	Turan, Süleyman. “GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology 30 (Mayıs 2015), 135-172.
JAMA	Turan S. GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. 2015;:135–172.
MLA	Turan, Süleyman. “GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR”. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology, sy. 30, 2015, ss. 135-72.
Vancouver	Turan S. GÜNAH, HASTALIK YA DA ALTERNATİF BİR YAŞAM BİÇİMİ Mİ? MODERN YAHUDİ MEZHEPLERİNDE HOMOSEKSÜELLİK KONUSUNDA YAŞANAN KIRILMALAR. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Theology. 2015(30):135-72.

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