Öz
Globalization has been associated with a range of cultural consequences. These can be analyzed in terms of three major theses, namely, homogenization, polarization, and hybridization. The homogenization thesis proclaims that global culture is becoming stan
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anderson, Benedict. 1994. Exodus. Critical Inquiry 20: 314-27.
- Appadurai, Arjun. 1990. Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cul- tural Economy. In Global Culture, ed. M. eatherstone. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage.
- Barber, Benjamin. 1995. Jihad us. McWorld. New York: Ballantine Books.
- Curtin, Philip. 1984. Cross-Cultural Trade in World History. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Delanty, Gerard. 1995. Inventing Europe: Idea, Identity, Reality. London: Macmillan.
- Ericsson. 1998.Annual Report. http://www.ericsson.com/annual~report/ l998/eng/apdf.shtml.
- Friedman, Jonathan. 1994. Cultural Identity and Global Process. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Geertz, Clifford. 1973. Religion as a Cultural System. In The Interpre- tation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books.
- Hannerz, Ulf. 1992. Cultural Complexity. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Harvey, David. 1989. The Condition of Postmodernity. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Hebdige, Dick. 1987. Cut n’Mix: Culture, Identity, and Caribbean Music. London: Methuen.
- Holton, Robert. 1998. Globalization and the Nation-State. London: Macmillan.
- Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilisations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon & Schuster.
- McNeill, William. 1986. Polyethnicity and National Unity in World His
- tory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Robertson, Roland. 1995. Glocalization, Time-Space, and Homogene- ity-Heterogeneity. In Global Modernities, ed. M. Featherstone, S. Lash, and R. Robertson. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Said, Edward. 1978. Orientalism. New York: Penguin.
- Schiller, Herbert. 1976. Communication and Cultural Domination. New York: International Arts and Sciences.
- Williams, Raymond. 1976. Keywords. London: Flamingo.
- Zangwill, Israel. 1914. The Melting Pot. London: Heinemann
Öz
Sosyoloji
Küreselleşme bir dizi kültürel sonuçlarla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bunlar homojenleşme, kutuplaşma ve hibritleşme (melezleşme) olmak üzere başlıca üç tema altında analiz edilebilir. Homojenleşme tezi, küresel kültürün Batılı ya da Amerikan kültürü etkisiyle standartlaştığını öne sürer. Bazı kanıtlar bu görüşü desteklerken, kültürel alternatiflerin varlığı ve Batılı normlara karşı oluşan dirençler küresel kültürel gelişimin kutuplaşma ile daha iyi açıklanabileceği tezinin ileri sürülmesine yol açmıştır. Küresel karşılıklı bağlılık ve bağımlılık, her zaman kültürel benzerlik ya da uyumluluk anlamına gelmez. Kültürü standartlaştırmak ekonomik organizasyonları ve teknolojiyi standartlaştırmaya göre daha zor görünmektedir. Bu yüzden kutuplaşma tezi de sınırlıdır. Hibritleşme tezi ise kültürlerin birbirleriyle kültürel alışveriş içinde olduğunu ve birbirleriyle birleştiğini böylece melez ve senkretik formlar oluşturduğunu ileri sürer. Bu görüşü destekleyen kanıtlar başlıca popüler müzik ve dini hayattan gelir. Küreselleşmenin kültürel sonuçları bu nedenle çeşitli ve karmaşıktır.
GLOBALIZATION'S CULTURAL CONSEQUENCES
Abstract
Globalization has been associated with a range of cultural consequences. These can be analyzed in terms of three major theses, namely, homogenization, polarization, and hybridization. The homogenization thesis proclaims that global culture is becoming standardized around a Western or American pattern. While some evidence supports this view, the presence of cultural alternatives and resistance to Western norms suggests that polarization provides a more convincing picture of global cultural development. Global interconnection and interdependence do not necessarily mean cultural conformity. Culture, it seems, is harder to standardize than economic organization and technology. Yet the idea of polarization has its limits, too. The hybridization thesis argues that cultures borrow and incorporate elements from each other, creating hybrid, or syncretic, forms. Evidence to support this view comes mainly from popular music and religious life. The cultural consequences of globalization are therefore diverse and complex.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Anderson, Benedict. 1994. Exodus. Critical Inquiry 20: 314-27.
- Appadurai, Arjun. 1990. Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cul- tural Economy. In Global Culture, ed. M. eatherstone. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage.
- Barber, Benjamin. 1995. Jihad us. McWorld. New York: Ballantine Books.
- Curtin, Philip. 1984. Cross-Cultural Trade in World History. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Delanty, Gerard. 1995. Inventing Europe: Idea, Identity, Reality. London: Macmillan.
- Ericsson. 1998.Annual Report. http://www.ericsson.com/annual~report/ l998/eng/apdf.shtml.
- Friedman, Jonathan. 1994. Cultural Identity and Global Process. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Geertz, Clifford. 1973. Religion as a Cultural System. In The Interpre- tation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books.
- Hannerz, Ulf. 1992. Cultural Complexity. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Harvey, David. 1989. The Condition of Postmodernity. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Hebdige, Dick. 1987. Cut n’Mix: Culture, Identity, and Caribbean Music. London: Methuen.
- Holton, Robert. 1998. Globalization and the Nation-State. London: Macmillan.
- Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilisations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon & Schuster.
- McNeill, William. 1986. Polyethnicity and National Unity in World His
- tory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Robertson, Roland. 1995. Glocalization, Time-Space, and Homogene- ity-Heterogeneity. In Global Modernities, ed. M. Featherstone, S. Lash, and R. Robertson. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Said, Edward. 1978. Orientalism. New York: Penguin.
- Schiller, Herbert. 1976. Communication and Cultural Domination. New York: International Arts and Sciences.
- Williams, Raymond. 1976. Keywords. London: Flamingo.
- Zangwill, Israel. 1914. The Melting Pot. London: Heinemann
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Çeviriler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Ağustos 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 Sayı: 47 |