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Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994

Öz

This study explores the transformative potential of Blockchain technology within the tourism sector, with a primary focus on its role in promoting sustainability and enhancing stakeholder engagement. Employing a qualitative methodology, this study incorporates interviews with ten industry experts and key stakeholders in tourism. The findings underscore Blockchain’s capacity to bolster sustainability efforts by fostering transparency, traceability, and accountability. This, in turn, enables effective monitoring of supply chains, validates eco-friendly certifications, and verifies adherence to sustainable practices. In addition, Blockchain empowers local communities by offering a decentralized platform for participation and decision-making. This study also identified critical challenges, including the necessity for scalable and energy-efficient Blockchain solutions, along with the imperative to address legal and regulatory impediments. The outcomes not only enrich our understanding of Blockchain’s potential in the tourism sector but also provide valuable recommendations for future research and implementation. Blockchain technology is poised to revolutionize tourism, champion sustainability, and cultivate collaborative stakeholder relationships.

Kaynakça

  • Alnahari, M. S., & Ariaratnam, S. T. (2022). The Application of Blockchain Technology to Smart City Infrastructure. Smart Cities, 5(3), 979-993. google scholar
  • Amoako, G. K., Neequaye, E. K., Kutu-Adu, S. G., Caesar, L. D., & Ofori, K. S. (2019). Relationship marketing and customer satisfaction in the Ghanaian hospitality industry: an empirical examination of trust and commitment. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. google scholar
  • Antoniadis, I., Spinthiropoulos, K., & Kontsas, S. (2020). Blockchain applications in tourism and tourism marketing: A short review. Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism: 8th ICSIMAT, Northern Aegean, Greece, 2019, 375-384. google scholar
  • Bala, M., & Verma, D. (2018). A critical review of digital marketing. M. Bala, D. Verma (2018). A Critical Review of Digital Marketing. International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering, 8(10), 321-339. google scholar
  • Balasubramanian, S., Sethi, J. S., Ajayan, S., & Paris, C. M. (2022). An enabling framework for Blockchain in tourism. Information Technology & Tourism, 24(2), 165-179. google scholar
  • Bodkhe, U., Bhattacharya, P., Tanwar, S., Tyagi, S., Kumar, N., & Obaidat, M. S. (2019, August). BloHosT: Blockchain enabled smart tourism and hospitality management. In 2019 international conference on Computer, information and telecommunication systems (CITS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. google scholar
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales. Qualitative research in sport, exercise and health, 13(2), 201-216. google scholar
  • Buhalis, D., Lin, M. S., & Leung, D. (2022). Metaverse as a driver for customer experience and value co-creation: implications for hospitality and tourism management and marketing. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(2), 701-716. google scholar
  • Calvaresi, D., Leis, M., Dubovitskaya, A., Schegg, R., & Schumacher, M. (2019). Trust in tourism via Blockchain technology: results from a systematic review. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2019: Proceedings of the International Conference in Nicosia, Cyprus, January 30-February 1, 2019 (pp. 304-317). Springer International Publishing. google scholar
  • Chok, S., Macbeth, J., & Warren, C. (2007). Tourism as a tool for poverty alleviation: A critical analysis of ‘pro-poor tourism’ and implications for sustainability. Current issues in Tourism, 10(2-3), 144-165. google scholar
  • Dearnley, C. (2005). A reflection on the use of semi-structured interviews. Nurse researcher, 13(1), 19-28. google scholar
  • Demirel, E., Karagöz Zeren, S., & Hakan, K. (2022). Smart contracts in the tourism industry: a model with Blockchain integration for post-pandemic economy. (12), 1895-1909. google scholar
  • Dolan, R., Seo, Y., & Kemper, J. (2019). Complaining practices on social media in tourism: A value co-creation and co-destruction perspective. Tourism Management, 73, 35-45. google scholar
  • Dresselhaus, A., & Shrode, F. (2012). Mobile technologies & academics: do students use mobile technologies in their academic lives and are librarians ready to meet this challenge?. Information Technology and Libraries, 31(2), 82-101. google scholar
  • Erceg, A., Damoska Sekuloska, J., & Kelic, I. (2020, February). Blockchain in the tourism industry—A Review of the situation in Croatia and Macedonia. In Informatics (Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 5). MDPI. google scholar
  • Erol, I., Neuhofer, I. O., Dogru, T., Oztel, A., Searcy, C., & Yorulmaz, A. C. (2022). Improving sustainability in the tourism industry through Blockchain technology: Challenges and opportunities. Tourism Management, 93, 104628. google scholar
  • Esmaeilian, B., Sarkis, J., Lewis, K., & Behdad, S. (2020). Blockchain for the future of sustainable supply chain management in Industry 4.0. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 163, 105064. google scholar
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4. google scholar
  • Ferrell, O. C., & Ferrell, L. (2021). New directions for marketing ethics and social responsibility research. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 29(1), 13-22. google scholar
  • Filimonau, V., & Naumova, E. (2020). Blockchain technology and the scope of its application in hospitality operations. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102383. google scholar
  • Güvenol, B., & Güler, M. E. (2023). Turizm ve Blok Zinciri Kavramlarına Yönelik Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. Journal of Business in The Digital Age, 6(Özel Sayı), 66-81. google scholar
  • Joy, A., Zhu, Y., Pena, C., & Brouard, M. (2022). Digital future of luxury brands: Metaverse, digital fashion, and non-fungible tokens. Strategic change, 31(3), 337-343. google scholar
  • Karinsalo, A., & Halunen, K. (2018, July). Smart contracts for a mobility-as-a-service ecosystem. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on software quality, reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C) (pp. 135-138). IEEE. google scholar
  • Kashem, M. A., Shamsuddoha, M., Nasir, T., & Chowdhury, A. A. (2022). The role of artificial intelligence and Blockchain technologies in sustainable tourism in the Middle East. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, (ahead-of-print). google scholar
  • Konidaris, A., & Koustoumpardi, E. (2018). The importance of search engine optimization for tourism websites. In Innovative Approaches to Tourism and Leisure: Fourth International Conference IACuDiT, Athens 2017 (pp. 205-218). Springer International Publishing. google scholar
  • Kumar, T. (2023). Integration of Intelligent AI & SEO: A Review of Various Factors. International Journal of New Media Studies (UNMS), 10(1), 64-67. google scholar
  • Line, N. D., Dogru, T., El-Manstrly, D., Buoye, A., Malthouse, E., & Kandampully, J. (2020). Control, use and ownership of big data: A reciprocal view of customer big data value in the hospitality and tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104106. google scholar
  • Melkic, S., & Cavlek, N. (2020). The impact of blockchain technology on tourism intermediation. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 68(2), 130-143. google scholar
  • Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized business review. google scholar
  • Nandakumar, K., Ratha, N., Pankanti, S., & Darnell, S. (2017, December). Secure one-time biometric tokens for non-repudiable multi-party transactions. In 2017 IEEE Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. google scholar
  • Negi, D., Sah, A., Rawat, S., Choudhury, T., & Khanna, A. (2021). Blockchain platforms and smart contracts. In Blockchain Applications in IoT Ecosystem (pp. 65-76). Cham: Springer International Publishing. google scholar
  • Onafowora, O. A.,& Owoye, O. (2020). Tourism Development and Air Pollution in Caribbean SIDs: A Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Analysis. Journal of Tourismology, 6(2), 221-239. google scholar
  • Ozdemir, A. I., Ar, I. M., & Erol, I. (2020). Assessment of blockchain applications in travel and tourism industry. Quality & Quantity, 54, 1549-1563. google scholar
  • Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research, 42, 533-544. google scholar
  • Park, A., & Li, H. (2021). The effect of Blockchain technology on supply chain sustainability performances. Sustainability, 13(4), 1726. google scholar
  • Pranita, D., Sarjana, S., Musthofa, B. M., Kusumastuti, H., & Rasul, M. S. (2023). Blockchain Technology to Enhance Integrated Blue Economy: A Case Study in Strengthening Sustainable Tourism on Smart Islands. Sustainability, 15(6), 5342. google scholar
  • Pranto, T. H., Noman, A. A., Mahmud, A., & Haque, A. B. (2021). Blockchain and smart contract for IoT enabled smart agriculture. PeerJ Computer Science, 7, e407. google scholar
  • Rana, R. L., Adamashvili, N., & Tricase, C. (2022). The Impact of Blockchain Technology Adoption on Tourism Industry: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 14(12), 7383. google scholar
  • Rashideh, W. (2020). Blockchain technology framework: Current and future perspectives for the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104125. google scholar
  • Rejeb, A., & Karim, R. (2019). Blockchain technology in tourism: applications and possibilities. World Scientific News, 137, 119-144. google scholar
  • Rejeb, A., Rejeb, K., Simske, S. J., & Keogh, J. G. (2021). Blockchain technology in the smart city: A bibliometric review. Quality & Quantity, 1-32. google scholar
  • Stockburger, L., Kokosioulis, G., Mukkamala, A., Mukkamala, R. R., & Avital, M. (2021). Blockchain-enabled decentralized identity manage-ment: The case of self-sovereign identity in public transportation. Blockchain: Research and Applications, 2(2), 100014. google scholar
  • Treiblmaier, H. (2020). Blockchain and tourism. Handbook of e-Tourism, 1-21. google scholar
  • Treiblmaier, H., & Garaus, M. (2023). Using Blockchain to signal quality in the food supply chain: The impact on consumer purchase intentions and the moderating effect of brand familiarity. International Journal of Information Management, 68, 102514. google scholar
  • Treiblmaier, H., & Önder, I. (2019). The impact of blockchain on the tourism industry: A theory-based research framework. Business Transfor-mation through Blockchain: Volume II, 3-21. google scholar
  • Tyan, I., Guevara-Plaza, A., & Yagüe, M. I. (2021). The benefits of Blockchain technology for medical tourism. Sustainability, 13(22), 12448. google scholar
  • Uçgun, G. Ö., & NARCI, M. T. (2022). The Role of Demographic Factors in Tourists’ Sustainability Consciousness, Sustainable Tourism Awareness and Purchasing Behavior. Journal of Tourismology, 8(2), 215-237. google scholar
  • Viano, C., Avanzo, S., Cerutti, M., Cordero, A., Schifanella, C., & Boella, G. (2022). Blockchain tools for socio-economic interactions in local communities. (3), 373-385. google scholar
  • Zhao, X. (2022, December). How Blockchain Can Empower the Growth in Green Finance. In 2022 2nd International Conference on Economic Development and Business Culture (ICEDBC 2022) (pp. 412-416). Atlantis Press. google scholar
Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alnahari, M. S., & Ariaratnam, S. T. (2022). The Application of Blockchain Technology to Smart City Infrastructure. Smart Cities, 5(3), 979-993. google scholar
  • Amoako, G. K., Neequaye, E. K., Kutu-Adu, S. G., Caesar, L. D., & Ofori, K. S. (2019). Relationship marketing and customer satisfaction in the Ghanaian hospitality industry: an empirical examination of trust and commitment. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. google scholar
  • Antoniadis, I., Spinthiropoulos, K., & Kontsas, S. (2020). Blockchain applications in tourism and tourism marketing: A short review. Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism: 8th ICSIMAT, Northern Aegean, Greece, 2019, 375-384. google scholar
  • Bala, M., & Verma, D. (2018). A critical review of digital marketing. M. Bala, D. Verma (2018). A Critical Review of Digital Marketing. International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering, 8(10), 321-339. google scholar
  • Balasubramanian, S., Sethi, J. S., Ajayan, S., & Paris, C. M. (2022). An enabling framework for Blockchain in tourism. Information Technology & Tourism, 24(2), 165-179. google scholar
  • Bodkhe, U., Bhattacharya, P., Tanwar, S., Tyagi, S., Kumar, N., & Obaidat, M. S. (2019, August). BloHosT: Blockchain enabled smart tourism and hospitality management. In 2019 international conference on Computer, information and telecommunication systems (CITS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. google scholar
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales. Qualitative research in sport, exercise and health, 13(2), 201-216. google scholar
  • Buhalis, D., Lin, M. S., & Leung, D. (2022). Metaverse as a driver for customer experience and value co-creation: implications for hospitality and tourism management and marketing. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(2), 701-716. google scholar
  • Calvaresi, D., Leis, M., Dubovitskaya, A., Schegg, R., & Schumacher, M. (2019). Trust in tourism via Blockchain technology: results from a systematic review. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2019: Proceedings of the International Conference in Nicosia, Cyprus, January 30-February 1, 2019 (pp. 304-317). Springer International Publishing. google scholar
  • Chok, S., Macbeth, J., & Warren, C. (2007). Tourism as a tool for poverty alleviation: A critical analysis of ‘pro-poor tourism’ and implications for sustainability. Current issues in Tourism, 10(2-3), 144-165. google scholar
  • Dearnley, C. (2005). A reflection on the use of semi-structured interviews. Nurse researcher, 13(1), 19-28. google scholar
  • Demirel, E., Karagöz Zeren, S., & Hakan, K. (2022). Smart contracts in the tourism industry: a model with Blockchain integration for post-pandemic economy. (12), 1895-1909. google scholar
  • Dolan, R., Seo, Y., & Kemper, J. (2019). Complaining practices on social media in tourism: A value co-creation and co-destruction perspective. Tourism Management, 73, 35-45. google scholar
  • Dresselhaus, A., & Shrode, F. (2012). Mobile technologies & academics: do students use mobile technologies in their academic lives and are librarians ready to meet this challenge?. Information Technology and Libraries, 31(2), 82-101. google scholar
  • Erceg, A., Damoska Sekuloska, J., & Kelic, I. (2020, February). Blockchain in the tourism industry—A Review of the situation in Croatia and Macedonia. In Informatics (Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 5). MDPI. google scholar
  • Erol, I., Neuhofer, I. O., Dogru, T., Oztel, A., Searcy, C., & Yorulmaz, A. C. (2022). Improving sustainability in the tourism industry through Blockchain technology: Challenges and opportunities. Tourism Management, 93, 104628. google scholar
  • Esmaeilian, B., Sarkis, J., Lewis, K., & Behdad, S. (2020). Blockchain for the future of sustainable supply chain management in Industry 4.0. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 163, 105064. google scholar
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4. google scholar
  • Ferrell, O. C., & Ferrell, L. (2021). New directions for marketing ethics and social responsibility research. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 29(1), 13-22. google scholar
  • Filimonau, V., & Naumova, E. (2020). Blockchain technology and the scope of its application in hospitality operations. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102383. google scholar
  • Güvenol, B., & Güler, M. E. (2023). Turizm ve Blok Zinciri Kavramlarına Yönelik Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz. Journal of Business in The Digital Age, 6(Özel Sayı), 66-81. google scholar
  • Joy, A., Zhu, Y., Pena, C., & Brouard, M. (2022). Digital future of luxury brands: Metaverse, digital fashion, and non-fungible tokens. Strategic change, 31(3), 337-343. google scholar
  • Karinsalo, A., & Halunen, K. (2018, July). Smart contracts for a mobility-as-a-service ecosystem. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on software quality, reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C) (pp. 135-138). IEEE. google scholar
  • Kashem, M. A., Shamsuddoha, M., Nasir, T., & Chowdhury, A. A. (2022). The role of artificial intelligence and Blockchain technologies in sustainable tourism in the Middle East. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, (ahead-of-print). google scholar
  • Konidaris, A., & Koustoumpardi, E. (2018). The importance of search engine optimization for tourism websites. In Innovative Approaches to Tourism and Leisure: Fourth International Conference IACuDiT, Athens 2017 (pp. 205-218). Springer International Publishing. google scholar
  • Kumar, T. (2023). Integration of Intelligent AI & SEO: A Review of Various Factors. International Journal of New Media Studies (UNMS), 10(1), 64-67. google scholar
  • Line, N. D., Dogru, T., El-Manstrly, D., Buoye, A., Malthouse, E., & Kandampully, J. (2020). Control, use and ownership of big data: A reciprocal view of customer big data value in the hospitality and tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104106. google scholar
  • Melkic, S., & Cavlek, N. (2020). The impact of blockchain technology on tourism intermediation. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 68(2), 130-143. google scholar
  • Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized business review. google scholar
  • Nandakumar, K., Ratha, N., Pankanti, S., & Darnell, S. (2017, December). Secure one-time biometric tokens for non-repudiable multi-party transactions. In 2017 IEEE Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. google scholar
  • Negi, D., Sah, A., Rawat, S., Choudhury, T., & Khanna, A. (2021). Blockchain platforms and smart contracts. In Blockchain Applications in IoT Ecosystem (pp. 65-76). Cham: Springer International Publishing. google scholar
  • Onafowora, O. A.,& Owoye, O. (2020). Tourism Development and Air Pollution in Caribbean SIDs: A Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Analysis. Journal of Tourismology, 6(2), 221-239. google scholar
  • Ozdemir, A. I., Ar, I. M., & Erol, I. (2020). Assessment of blockchain applications in travel and tourism industry. Quality & Quantity, 54, 1549-1563. google scholar
  • Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research, 42, 533-544. google scholar
  • Park, A., & Li, H. (2021). The effect of Blockchain technology on supply chain sustainability performances. Sustainability, 13(4), 1726. google scholar
  • Pranita, D., Sarjana, S., Musthofa, B. M., Kusumastuti, H., & Rasul, M. S. (2023). Blockchain Technology to Enhance Integrated Blue Economy: A Case Study in Strengthening Sustainable Tourism on Smart Islands. Sustainability, 15(6), 5342. google scholar
  • Pranto, T. H., Noman, A. A., Mahmud, A., & Haque, A. B. (2021). Blockchain and smart contract for IoT enabled smart agriculture. PeerJ Computer Science, 7, e407. google scholar
  • Rana, R. L., Adamashvili, N., & Tricase, C. (2022). The Impact of Blockchain Technology Adoption on Tourism Industry: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 14(12), 7383. google scholar
  • Rashideh, W. (2020). Blockchain technology framework: Current and future perspectives for the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80, 104125. google scholar
  • Rejeb, A., & Karim, R. (2019). Blockchain technology in tourism: applications and possibilities. World Scientific News, 137, 119-144. google scholar
  • Rejeb, A., Rejeb, K., Simske, S. J., & Keogh, J. G. (2021). Blockchain technology in the smart city: A bibliometric review. Quality & Quantity, 1-32. google scholar
  • Stockburger, L., Kokosioulis, G., Mukkamala, A., Mukkamala, R. R., & Avital, M. (2021). Blockchain-enabled decentralized identity manage-ment: The case of self-sovereign identity in public transportation. Blockchain: Research and Applications, 2(2), 100014. google scholar
  • Treiblmaier, H. (2020). Blockchain and tourism. Handbook of e-Tourism, 1-21. google scholar
  • Treiblmaier, H., & Garaus, M. (2023). Using Blockchain to signal quality in the food supply chain: The impact on consumer purchase intentions and the moderating effect of brand familiarity. International Journal of Information Management, 68, 102514. google scholar
  • Treiblmaier, H., & Önder, I. (2019). The impact of blockchain on the tourism industry: A theory-based research framework. Business Transfor-mation through Blockchain: Volume II, 3-21. google scholar
  • Tyan, I., Guevara-Plaza, A., & Yagüe, M. I. (2021). The benefits of Blockchain technology for medical tourism. Sustainability, 13(22), 12448. google scholar
  • Uçgun, G. Ö., & NARCI, M. T. (2022). The Role of Demographic Factors in Tourists’ Sustainability Consciousness, Sustainable Tourism Awareness and Purchasing Behavior. Journal of Tourismology, 8(2), 215-237. google scholar
  • Viano, C., Avanzo, S., Cerutti, M., Cordero, A., Schifanella, C., & Boella, G. (2022). Blockchain tools for socio-economic interactions in local communities. (3), 373-385. google scholar
  • Zhao, X. (2022, December). How Blockchain Can Empower the Growth in Green Finance. In 2022 2nd International Conference on Economic Development and Business Culture (ICEDBC 2022) (pp. 412-416). Atlantis Press. google scholar
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Beşeri Coğrafya (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Erdem Baydeniz 0000-0003-1003-0521

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Haziran 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Baydeniz, E. (2024). Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences. Journal of Tourismology, 10(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994
AMA Baydeniz E. Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences. Journal of Tourismology. Haziran 2024;10(1):1-12. doi:10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994
Chicago Baydeniz, Erdem. “Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences”. Journal of Tourismology 10, sy. 1 (Haziran 2024): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994.
EndNote Baydeniz E (01 Haziran 2024) Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences. Journal of Tourismology 10 1 1–12.
IEEE E. Baydeniz, “Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences”, Journal of Tourismology, c. 10, sy. 1, ss. 1–12, 2024, doi: 10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994.
ISNAD Baydeniz, Erdem. “Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences”. Journal of Tourismology 10/1 (Haziran 2024), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994.
JAMA Baydeniz E. Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences. Journal of Tourismology. 2024;10:1–12.
MLA Baydeniz, Erdem. “Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences”. Journal of Tourismology, c. 10, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 1-12, doi:10.26650/jot.2024.10.1.1312994.
Vancouver Baydeniz E. Blockchain Technology in Tourism: Pioneering Sustainable and Collaborative Travel Experiences. Journal of Tourismology. 2024;10(1):1-12.