An Investigation of Conversion from IFC to CityGML and CityJSON Data Formats for Building Information Modeling and Geo-graphic Information Systems Integration

Abstract

The integration of building information modeling (BIM) and geographic information systems (GIS) is critical for applications such as construction and facility planning and management, smart cities and spatial digital twin. While BIM has rich geometric and semantic information throughout the building lifecycle, GIS provides spatial modeling, analysis, and visualization capabilities. Therefore, BIM and GIS are fundamen-tal systems that complement each other in the context of indoor and outdoor spaces. On the other hand, the differences in application focus, spatial scopes, coordinate systems, semantic and geometric representati-ons and levels of detail create challenges in the integration of these two systems. Industry foundation classes (IFC) are generally used for BIM data, and CityGML, CityJSON or shape file formats are used for GIS data. For BIM data, IFC are generally used, while for GIS data, CityGML, CityJSON, or shapefile formats are employed. Moreover, the distinction between CityJSON, developed as a light version of CityGML, and its implementation in applications compared to CityGML is a subject of interest. In this study, BIM datasets of three different structures in IFC format are converted into CityGML and CityJSON formats through semantic transfer and geometric transformation with FME Workbench software. In this context, the conversion from BIM to GIS is investigated, and obtained findings are evaluated by comparing the CityGML and CityJSON data exchange formats.

Keywords

• Building information modeling
• geographic information systems
• data integration
• semantic transfer
• geometric transformation

Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Entegrasyonu için IFC’den CityGML ve CityJSON Veri Formatlarına Dönüşümün İncelenmesi

Abstract

Yapı bilgi modellemesi (YBM) ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) entegrasyonu; yapı ve tesis planlama ve yönetimi, akıllı şehirler ve mekânsal dijital ikiz gibi uygulamalar için kritik öneme sahiptir. YBM, yapı yaşam döngüsü boyunca zengin geometrik ve semantik bilgilere sahipken, CBS; mekânsal modelleme, analiz ve görselleştirme yetenekleri sağlar. Bu nedenle, YBM ve CBS iç ve dış mekân bağlamında birbirini tamamlayan temel sistemlerdir. Öte yandan, uygulama odakları, mekânsal kapsamlar, koordinat sistemleri, semantik ve geometrik temsiller ve ayrıntı düzeyleri açısından farklılıklara sahip olmaları, bu iki sistemin entegrasyonunda zorluklar meydana getirmektedir. Entegrasyon için veri düzeyinde geometrik dönüşüm ve semantik aktarım yapılmalıdır. YBM verileri için genel olarak endüstri temel sınıfları (IFC), CBS verileri için ise CityGML, CityJSON veya shape dosyası formatı kullanılmaktadır. Entegrasyon için bazı teknikler ve teknolojiler mevcut olsa da halen çözülmemiş sorunlar mevcuttur. Bu nedenle, YBM ve CBS entegras-yonu ve veri değişim formatları aktif araştırma konusu olmaya devam etmektedir. CityJSON’ın kent mo-dellerini 3B temsil etmek için kullanılan yeni bir veri standardı olması nedeniyle veri değişimi için uygu-lanmasına yönelik çok fazla çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca, CityGML’in hafif versiyonu olarak oluştu-rulan CityJSON’ın uygulamalarda CityGML’den farkı merak konusudur. Bu çalışmada, IFC formatındaki üç farklı yapıya ait YBM veri seti, semantik aktarım ve geometrik dönüşüm ile Safe FME Workbench yazılımı kullanılarak CityGML ve CityJSON formatlarına dönüştürülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, YBM’den CBS’ye dönüşüm incelenmiş ve CityGML ile CityJSON veri değişim formatları ile elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

• Yapı bilgi modellemesi
• coğrafi bilgi sistemleri
• veri entegrasyonu
• semantik aktarım
• geometrik dönüşüm

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