Accurate characterization of synthetic liposomes is essential since they give information about the vesicu-lar structures in bodily fluids such as extracellular vesicles. The characterization tasks are generally the determination of the sizes of the liposomes and the profiling of the liposomes' content. Optical tweezers and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) were used to profile the nanosized liposomes. The size distribution of the trapped liposomes (140 nm on average) was found by using Einstein's Brownian motion equation, consistent with the size distribution obtained from dynamic light scattering measure-ments. Besides, Gramicidin-encapsulated liposomes were measured using SERS, and statistically signifi-cant differentiation was found in Raman intensities between liposome populations with altering concentra-tions of proteins. This study uniquely measured size distributions of nano-sized liposomes with conven-tional optical tweezers (without plasmonics) and determined the chemical differences between empty and protein encapsulated liposomes with high accuracy using Raman spectroscopy
The author thanks Boğazici University BUMILAB for their permission to perform the measurements in their facilities. The author thanks Şebnem Seherler for their help in the preparation of the liposomes.
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Akbarzadeh, A., Sadabady, R.R., Davaran, S., Joo, S. W., Zarghami, N., Hanifehpour, Y., Samiei, M.,
Kouhi, M., Nejati-Koshk, K., (2013). Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications.
Nanoscale research letters, 8(1), 1-9. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-8-102
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systems. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 7(1), 3-9, Retrieved from: https://doi.org/
10.15171/apb.2017.002
Allen, T.M., Cullis, P.R, (2013). Liposomal drug delivery systems: from concept to clinical applications.
Advanced drug delivery reviews,65(1), 36-48. Retrieved
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Ashkin, A., (1997). Optical trapping and manipulation of neutral particles using lasers. Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences, 94(10), 4853-4860. Retrieved
from: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.10.4853
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Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy of submicron-size particles. IEEE Journal of selected
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Cherney, D.P., Bridges, T.E., Harris, J.M., (2004). Optical trapping of unilamellar phospholipid vesicles:
investigation of the effect of optical forces on the lipid membrane shape by confocal-Raman
microscopy. Analytical chemistry, 76(17), 4920-4928. Retrieved from:
https://doi.org/10.1021/ac0492620
Dufresne, E.R., Corwin, E. I., Greenblatt, N. A., Ashmore, J.,Wang, D. Y. , Dinsmore, A. D., Cheng, J.
X., Xie, X. S., Hutchinson, J. W., Weitz, D. A.,(2003). Flow and fracture in drying nanoparticle
suspensions. Physical review letters, 91(22), 224501. Retrieved from:
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.224501
Evans, C.L., Potma, E.O., Puoris’haag, M., Xie, X.S., (2005). Chemical imaging of tissue in vivo with
video-rate coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy. Proceedings of the national
academy of sciences, 102(46),16807-16812. Retrieved from:
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Parlatan, Ş. (2023). Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences, 9(4), 912-922. https://doi.org/10.28979/jarnas.1284172
AMA
Parlatan Ş. Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). JARNAS. December 2023;9(4):912-922. doi:10.28979/jarnas.1284172
Chicago
Parlatan, Şeyma. “Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)”. Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (December 2023): 912-22. https://doi.org/10.28979/jarnas.1284172.
EndNote
Parlatan Ş (December 1, 2023) Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences 9 4 912–922.
IEEE
Ş. Parlatan, “Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)”, JARNAS, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 912–922, 2023, doi: 10.28979/jarnas.1284172.
ISNAD
Parlatan, Şeyma. “Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)”. Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences 9/4 (December 2023), 912-922. https://doi.org/10.28979/jarnas.1284172.
JAMA
Parlatan Ş. Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). JARNAS. 2023;9:912–922.
MLA
Parlatan, Şeyma. “Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)”. Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 9, no. 4, 2023, pp. 912-2, doi:10.28979/jarnas.1284172.
Vancouver
Parlatan Ş. Determination of Protein Amount in Nanosized Synthetic Liposomes by Surface Effect Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). JARNAS. 2023;9(4):912-2.