Seismic Risk Evaluation of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings: A Case Study for Çanakkale-Türkiye

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 601 - 613, 30.09.2024

Muhammed Benek , Selen Aktan

https://doi.org/10.28979/jarnas.1467032

Öz

Türkiye is in an important earthquake zone, and most of the population is under seismic hazard. The high loss of lives in the past earthquakes indicates that our existing building stock is vulnerable. In this study, a field survey was carried out to determine the existing earthquake risks of reinforced concrete buildings in İsmetpaşa, Barbaros, Cevatpaşa, Kemalpaşa, Namıkkemal, Esenler, and Fevzipaşa Neighborhoods of Çanakkale city center. This study was conducted to specify the regional distribution of risky buildings to be examined by the street survey method called "Simplified methods that can be used to determine the regional risk distribution of buildings" in the implementation regulation of Law No. 6306. For this purpose, 585 reinforced concrete buildings were examined with this method, and the earthquake performance scores of these buildings were determined. The performance scores calculated as a result of reflecting the number of stories, earthquake hazard zone, type of structural system, and structural irregularities of the buildings were evaluated based on different parameters. It was seen that soft stories with values ranging from 50% to 100% and heavy overhangs with values ranging from 37% to 63% were the most common irregularities in existing buildings in Çanakkale.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çanakkale, seismic risk, Law no. 6306, street survey method, building stock

Kaynakça

• S. Kahraman, T. Baran, Ö. Özçelik, A. Saatçi, S. Mısır, S. C. Girgin, Building stock inventory studies: İzmir Balçova and Seferihisar pilot projects, 2nd Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Hatay, 2013, pp. 1˗10.
• Applied Technology Council (ATC) 21, Rapid visual screening of buildings for potential seismic hazards - A handbook (FEMA 154 Report), second edition, California, USA, 2002.
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 273, NEHRP Guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings, (FEMA 273 Report), Federal Emergency Management Council, Washington DC, USA, 1997a.
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 302, NEHRP Recommended provisions for the seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures and commentary, (FEMA 302 Report), Federal Emergency Management Council, Washington DC, USA, 1997b.
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 310, Handbook for the seismic evaluation of buildings - A prestandard (FEMA 310 Report), Federal Emergency Management Council, New York, USA, 1998.
• The Japan Building Disaster Prevention Association (JBDPA). Standard for Seismic Evaluation of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Tokyo, Japan, 2001.
• A. F. Hassan, M. A. Sözen, Seismic vulnerability assessment of low rise buildings in regions with infrequent earthquakes, ACI Structural Journal 94 (1) (1997) 31˗39.
• U. Ersoy, G. Özcebe, Lessons from recent earthquakes in Türkiye and seismic rehabilitation of buildings, in: S. Sheikh, O. Bayrak (Eds), S. M. Uzumeri Symposium - Behavior and Design of Concrete Structures for Seismic Performance, SP-197, ACI International, 2002, pp. 105˗126.
• E. Damcı, B. Yıldızlar, G. Gürsoy, N. K. Öztorun, T. Çelik, An algorithm for situational determination of structures throughout Türkiye, specifically in Bakırköy, 5th Conference on National Earthquake Engineering, İstanbul, 2003, pp. 71˗73.
• A. İlki, H. Boduroğlu, Ö. Pınar, F. Baysan, C. Demir, S. Şirin, Comparison of seismic index method and structural analysis results for existing and strengthened structures, 5th Conference on National Earthquake Engineering, İstanbul, 2003, pp. 69˗71.
• G. Özcebe, M. S. Yücemen, A. Yakut, V. Aydoğan, Seismic vulnerability assessment procedure for low- to medium-rise reinforced concrete buildings, Structural Engineering Research Unit (SERU) report no: 03/02, TUBITAK-METU, Ankara, 2003.
• H. Sucuoğlu, U. Yazgan, Simple survey procedures for seismic risk assessment in urban building stocks, seismic assessment and rehabilitation of existing buildings, NATO Science Series (IV/29) (2003) 97˗118.
• S. S. Tezcan, M. Gürsoy, E. Kaya, İ. E. Bal, Project to prevent loss of life in earthquakes, Kocaeli'99 Emergency Conference, İstanbul, 2003, pp. 146˗153.
• A. Yakut, V. Aydogan, G. Özcebe, M. S. Yücemen, Preliminary seismic vulnerability assessment of existing reinforced concrete buildings in Türkiye-Part II: Inclusion of site characteristics, NATO Science Series (IV/29) (2003) 43˗58.
• R. Temür, Developing a rapid analysis technique and related software, Master's Thesis İstanbul University (2006) İstanbul.
• M. H. Boduroğlu, P. Ö. Çağlayan, A screening method for the evaluation of existing buildings, 6th Conference on National Earthquake Engineering, İstanbul, 2007, pp. 157˗166.
• H. Sucuoğlu, A screening procedure for seismic risk assessment in urban building stocks, 6th Conference on National Earthquake Engineering, İstanbul, 2007, pp. 267˗284.
• H. Sucuoğlu, U. Yazgan, A. Yakut, A screening procedure for seismic risk assessment in urban building stocks, Earthquake Spectra 23 (2) (2007) 441˗458.
• I. E. Bal, F. G. Gülay, S. S. Tezcan, A new approach for the preliminary seismic assessment of RC buildings: P25 scoring method, The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China, 2008, pp. 219˗226.
• M. İnel, Ş. M. Senel, S. Toprak, Y. Manav, Seismic risk assessment of buildings in urban areas: A case study for Denizli, Türkiye, Natural Hazards (46) (2008) 265˗285.
• F. G. Gülay, K. Kaptan, İ. E. Bal, S. S. Tezcan, P25-scoring method for the collapse vulnerability assessment of R/C buildings, Procedia Engineering (14) (2011) 1219˗1228.
• Ö. Özçelik, S. Mısır, T. Baran, S. Kahraman, A. Saatçi, S. C. Girgin, Results of the building stock inventory and earthquake safety preliminary assessment project carried out in Balçova and Seferihisar districts, 2nd İzmir City Symposium, İzmir, 2013, pp. 1˗10.
• H. O. Köksal, S. Yıldız, Micro scale physical vulnerability assessment study for the city center of Çanakkale, 4th Conference on International Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Eskişehir, 2017, pp. 1˗8.
• Law No. 6306, Law on transformation of areas under disaster risk, 2012.
• H. Bilici, E. Işık, H. M. Özlük, The evaluation of urban buildings stocks in Adilcevaz district, Dicle University Journal of the Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences 3 (1) (2014) 1˗12.
• Z. Tozlu, The implementation of rapid assessment method within Law no. 6306 to determine risk condition of existing buildings, Master's Thesis Gazi University (2015) Ankara.
• U. Albayrak, M. Canbaz, G. Albayrak, A rapid seismic risk assessment method for existing building stock in urban areas, Procedia Engineering (118) (2015) 1242˗1249.
• Ç. Çırak, Evaluation of seismic performance of existing buildings obtained from rapid and detailed performance assessment methods, Master's Thesis Pamukkale University (2016) Denizli.
• E. Güler, M. Canbaz, Determination of earthquake risk of structures by street screening method, Journal of Engineering and Architecture Faculty of Eskişehir Osmangazi University 28 (3) (2020) 227˗234.
• Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD), Türkiye Earthquake Hazard Maps Interactive Web Application, 2018.
• Google Maps, 2022.
• B. Akol, Earthquake risk assessment of Çanakkale and its vicinity, Master's Thesis Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (2009) Çanakkale.
• A. Kürçer, A. Chatzipetros, S. Z. Tutkun, S. Pavlides, Ö. Ateş, S. Valkaniotis, The Yenice–Gönen active fault (NW Türkiye): Active tectonics and paleoseismology, Tectonophysics (453) (2008) 263˗275.
• E. Görgün, D. Kalafat, K. Kekovalı, Source mechanisms and stress field of the 2017 Ayvacık/Çanakkale earthquake sequence in NW Türkiye, Annals of Geophysics, (2020) 63 (3) SE332 23 pages.
• Ö. Karagöz, K. Chimoto, H. Yamanaka, O. Ozel, S. Citak, Broadband ground-motion simulation of the 24 May 2014 Gokceada (North Aegean Sea) earthquake (Mw 6.9) in NW Türkiye considering local soil effects, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 16 (1) (2018) 23˗43.
• G. Özcebe, H. Sucuoglu, M. S. Yücemen, A. Yakut, J. Kubin, Seismic risk assessment of existing building stock in Istanbul a pilot application in Zeytinburnu District, Proceedings of the 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, California, USA, 2006, paper no. 1737.
• Geographic Information System (ArcGIS), Enterprise GIS Mapping Platform, Environmental Systems Research Institute, 2022.
• Turkish Building Seismic Code, Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency, 2018.
• Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), IBM Corp. Version 28.0. Armonk, New York, USA, 2021.
• Çanakkale Municipality, 2022.