Research Article

High school students' opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience

Volume: 13 Number: 2 June 30, 2025

High school students' opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience

Abstract

Nowadays, scientific advancements continue at an extraordinary pace, which leads to the widespread use of scientific expressions in many aspects of daily life. On social media and in print media platforms, we also witness the use of non-scientific expressions alongside scientific ones. The main aim of this study is to identify high school students' opinions regarding the distinction between real science and pseudoscience and to explore how these opinions may vary depending on factors such as gender, grade level, and type of school. The study employed a quantitative approach and used the relational survey model method. The research was conducted with 655 high school students studying in the central district of Tokat province during the 2022–2023 academic year. The variables of the study were gender, grade level, and type of school. Data were collected using the "Science-Pseudoscience Distinction Scale," which consists of 23 items—12 positive and 11 negative. The scale is a five-point Likert type, with responses ranging from "Strongly Disagree" to "Strongly Agree." The possible score range on the scale is 23–115 points. Arithmetic mean, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis. While no significant differences were observed concerning gender, variations were detected for other variables. Overall, it was found that high school students' ability to distinguish between science and pseudoscience was good but not at a sufficient level. Consequently, students are at risk of encountering potential material and moral harm through pseudoscience. Based on the results of the study, various recommendations were made to the Ministry of National Education, the Provincial Directorate of National Education, municipalities, school administrations, and teachers.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted voluntarily, and all necessary ethical approvals were obtained

References

  1. Afonso, A. S. ve Gilbert, J. K. (2010). Pseudo‐science: A Meaningful Context for Assessing Nature of Science. International Journal of Science Education, 32 (3), 329–348.
  2. Ağlarcı, F. ve Kabapınar, F. (2016). Kimya Öğretmen Adaylarının Bilime ve Sözde Bilime İlişkin Görüşlerinin Geliştirilmesi. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5 (1), 248-286.
  3. Arık, M. (2016). Argümantasyon Tabanlı Öğrenme Yönteminin Yedinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Bilim Sözde-Bilim Ayrımı Farkındalığının Geliştirilmesi Üzerine Etkisi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek lisans Tezi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  4. Arık, M. ve Akçay, B. (2018). Argümantasyonun Öğrencilerin Bilimi Sözde-Bilimden Ayırma Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesi Üzerine Etkisi. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 8(1), 41-60.
  5. Atasoy, G. (2020). Bilim, Sözdebilim Ayrımı Bağlamında Tasarlanan Etkinliklerin 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Sözde Bilimsel İnançları, Bilimsellik Ölçütleri ve Eleştirel Düşünme Becerilerine Etkisi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kocaeli.
  6. Ayvacı, H. Ş. ve Bağ, H. (2016). Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Bilim Sözde-Bilim Ayrımına İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi. Amasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 539-566.
  7. Baltacı, A. (2018). Nitel Araştırmalarda Örnekleme Yöntemleri ve Örnek Hacmi Sorunsalı Üzerine Kavramsal Bir İnceleme. Bitlis Eren Üniveristesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 231-274.
  8. Bunge, M. (1984). What is pseudoscience. Skeptical Inquirer, 9(1), 36-46.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Other Fields of Education (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

June 27, 2025

Publication Date

June 30, 2025

Submission Date

November 28, 2024

Acceptance Date

June 13, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 13 Number: 2

APA
Köksal, T., Özyiğit, B., Köksal, Ç., & Özcan, S. (2025). High school students’ opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 13(2), 79-96. https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA
AMA
1.Köksal T, Özyiğit B, Köksal Ç, Özcan S. High school students’ opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience. JEGYS. 2025;13(2):79-96. https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA
Chicago
Köksal, Tuğba, Bengisu Özyiğit, Çetin Köksal, and Servet Özcan. 2025. “High School Students’ Opinions on the Distinction Between Science and Pseudoscience”. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists 13 (2): 79-96. https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA.
EndNote
Köksal T, Özyiğit B, Köksal Ç, Özcan S (June 1, 2025) High school students’ opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists 13 2 79–96.
IEEE
[1]T. Köksal, B. Özyiğit, Ç. Köksal, and S. Özcan, “High school students’ opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience”, JEGYS, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 79–96, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA
ISNAD
Köksal, Tuğba - Özyiğit, Bengisu - Köksal, Çetin - Özcan, Servet. “High School Students’ Opinions on the Distinction Between Science and Pseudoscience”. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists 13/2 (June 1, 2025): 79-96. https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA.
JAMA
1.Köksal T, Özyiğit B, Köksal Ç, Özcan S. High school students’ opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience. JEGYS. 2025;13:79–96.
MLA
Köksal, Tuğba, et al. “High School Students’ Opinions on the Distinction Between Science and Pseudoscience”. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, vol. 13, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 79-96, https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA.
Vancouver
1.Tuğba Köksal, Bengisu Özyiğit, Çetin Köksal, Servet Özcan. High school students’ opinions on the distinction between science and pseudoscience. JEGYS [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;13(2):79-96. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA32MN52NA