Research Article
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The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 717 - 730, 15.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.613987

Abstract

Spatial intelligence is
essential for geography education students
for identifying geosphere phenomena. This
research to measure spatial intelligence and the effectiveness of the
application of outdoor learning in geography education students. This research
is a pre-experimental study with a pretest-posttest one group design. The form
of field learning activities in the form of camps and a series of practical
activities. Before the student activity will present a pre-test which has the
same weight as the final test given the end of the activity. Data collection
techniques use tests, as well as observations for conformity between design and
action. Spatial intelligence test instruments will test for validity,
reliability and different. The test format is designed using geographic spatial
intelligence references. Data analysis through
homogeneity, normality and hypothesis testing using the t-test. Hypothesis
testing results show that H0 is rejected and H
1 is accepted, which is
indicated by the results of tcount = 1.7108> ttable
0.492 with a significance level of 5%.
Research conclusion there is student’s spatial intelligence increase through
outdoor learning activities.

Supporting Institution

University of Halu Oleo

Project Number

Research grant university funding DIPA 2018

Thanks

The author would like thanks to Lembaga Pengembangan dan Pengabdian Masyarakat University of Halu Oleo Indonesia for giving research grant university funding DIPA 2018

References

  • Aliman, M., Astina, I. K., Putri, R. E., & Arif, M. (2019). The Effect of Earthcom Learning Model and Spatial Thinking Ability on Geography Learning Outcomes. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 18(3), 323-334. DOI: https://doi.org /10.33225/jbse/19.18.323
  • Arsyad, A. (1997). Media Pembelajaran. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
  • Bilton, H. (2010). Outdoor Learning in The Early Years. London and New York: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
  • Bloom, B.S. (1976). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives The Classification of Educational Goals: Handbook 1 Cognitive Domain. London: Longman Inc.
  • Brown, M. (2012). Developing a place-based approach to outdoor education in Aotearoa New Zealand. Teaching and Learning Reseacrh Initiative Summary, 1-7.
  • Dahar, R.W. (2011). Teori-teori Belajar dan Pembelajaran [Theories of Learning and Teaching]. Bandung: Penerbit Erlangga
  • Dolan, A.M. (2016). Place-based Curriculum Making: Devising a synthesis between primary geography and outdoor learning. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 16(1), 49-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2015.1051563
  • Gunarsa, S. D. (1982). Dasar dan teori perkembangan anak [Basic and theories of child development]. BPK Gunung Mulia.
  • Hegarty, M., & Kozhevnikov, M. (1999). Types of visual–spatial representations and mathematical problem solving. Journal of educational psychology, 91(4), 684.
  • Husamah, (2013). Pembelajaran Luar Kelas Outdoor Learning [Outdoor learning]. Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka Publisher.
  • Johan, H., Sipriyadi, S., Suhandi, A., Wulan, A. R., & Herawati, A. (2018). Enhancing Mastery of Earth Science Concept of Prospective Physics Teachers through Interactive Conceptual Instruction Supported by Visualization and GrADS. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(4), 435-441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii. v7i4.9799
  • Johnson, D.W. (1990). Reaching Out: Interpersoal Effectiveness and Self-actualization. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
  • Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy: An overview. Theory into Practice Journal, 41(1), 212-218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4104_2
  • Mariana, R. (2005). Strategi Pengelolaan Lingkungan Belajar di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Jakarta: Depdiknas-Ditjen Dikti-Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan dan Ketenagaan Perguruan Tinggi.
  • Molenda et al., (1996). Instructional media and technologies for learning (5 th). Englewood Cliff, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.
  • Nugroho, H.D.( 2013). Strategi Pembelajaran Geografi [Geography learning strategies]. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak.
  • Özdilek, Ş.Y. et al. (2011). Community and Nature as Curriculum: A case study of an outdoor environmental education project. The International Journal of Educational Researchers, 3(1), 33-45.
  • Paisley, K. et al. (2008). Student Learning in Outdoor Education: A case study from the national outdoor leadership school. Journal of Experimental Education, 30(3), 201-222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5193/jee.30.3.201
  • Prasetya, S.P. (2014). Media pembelajaran geografi [Geography learning media]. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak.
  • Pratiwi, W. N., Rochintaniawati, D., & Agustin, R. R. (2018, May). The effect of multiple intelligence-based learning towards students’ concept mastery and interest in learning matter. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1013, No. 1, p. 012075). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1013/1/012075 Ratnasari, I. T., Wardani, S., & Nuswowati, M. (2018). The Impact of Multiple Intelligences Approach through Quantum Teaching Model toward The Scientific Attitude and Science Learning Outcomes in The Fourth Grade Students. Journal of Primary Education, 7(2), 146-154.
  • Rochmadi, H. (2015). The relationship of spatial and mathematical-logical intelligence with the reading ability of engineering drawing of the 11th-grade students of mechanical engineering program in 2nd Vocational School Depok. Thesis. Program of Machine Engineering Education, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Rickinson, M. et al., (2004). A Review Research on Outdoor Learning. London: National Foundation for Educational Research and King’s College.
  • Salam, M., Ibrahim, N., & Sukardjo, M. (2019, April). The Effect of Learning Model and Spatial Intelligence on Learning Outcome. In 1st International Conference on Advanced Multidisciplinary Research (ICAMR 2018). Atlantis Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/icamr-18.2019.76
  • Sirih, M., Ibrahim, N., & Priyono. (2019). Effect of learning models on biology learning outcomes in terms of student spatial intelligence. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 5(3), 503–706. Retrieved from http://www.ijicc.net /index.php/past-editions/39-vol-5-iss-3-spec-ed-part-3.html
  • Sirih, M., & Ibrahim, N. (2019). The Effect of Learning Models and Spatial Intelligences to Biology Learning Outcomes by Controlling the Initial Knowledge. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(6). DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.26803/ijlter.18.6.2
  • Sumarmi. (2012). Model-model Pembelajaran Geografi [Models of learning geography]. Malang: Aditya Media Publishing.
  • Suparno, P. (2004). Teori Intelligence Ganda dan Aplikasinya di Sekolah, Cara Menerapkan Teori Multiple Intelligencess Howard Gardner. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
  • Suprapto, P. K., bin Ahmad, M. Z., Chaidir, D. M., Ardiansyah, R., & Diella, D. (2018). Spatial Intelligence and Students’ Achievement to Support Creativity on Visuospatial-Based Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(2), 224-231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i2.14322
  • Thomas, G. (2005). Traditional Adventure in Outdoor Environmental Education. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 9(1), 31-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ bf03400810
  • Tuula, R. and Martin A.J. (2013). Organization Management and The Development of A Qualification System in The Outdoor Recreation Sector: A case study of Estonia. Journal of Outdoor Studies, 7(1), 80-87.
  • Urfan, F., Darsiharjo, D., & Sugandi, D. (2018, April). Geo-Literacy between School Environment and Students Spatial Intelligence. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 145, No. 1, p. 012044). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/145/1/012044
  • Utami, W. S., & Zain, I. M. (2018, January). Geography literation to improve spatial intelligence of high school student. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 953, No. 1, p. 012173). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/953 /1/012173
  • Vera, A. (2012). Metode Mengajar Anak di Luar Kelas (Outdoor Study) [Teaching Methods for Children Outside Classroom]. Jogjakarta: DIVA Press.
  • Winarti, A., Yuanita, L., & Nur, M. (2019). The Effectiveness of Multiple Intelligences Based Teaching Strategy in Enhancing the Multiple Intelligences and Science Process Skills of Junior High School Students. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 9(2), 122-135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.404
  • Yani, A., Mulyadi, A., & Ruhimat, M. (2018). Contextualization of Spatial Intelligence: Correlation Between Spatial Intelligence, Spatial Ability, And Geography Skills. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 17(4).
Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 717 - 730, 15.09.2019
https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.613987

Abstract

Project Number

Research grant university funding DIPA 2018

References

  • Aliman, M., Astina, I. K., Putri, R. E., & Arif, M. (2019). The Effect of Earthcom Learning Model and Spatial Thinking Ability on Geography Learning Outcomes. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 18(3), 323-334. DOI: https://doi.org /10.33225/jbse/19.18.323
  • Arsyad, A. (1997). Media Pembelajaran. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
  • Bilton, H. (2010). Outdoor Learning in The Early Years. London and New York: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
  • Bloom, B.S. (1976). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives The Classification of Educational Goals: Handbook 1 Cognitive Domain. London: Longman Inc.
  • Brown, M. (2012). Developing a place-based approach to outdoor education in Aotearoa New Zealand. Teaching and Learning Reseacrh Initiative Summary, 1-7.
  • Dahar, R.W. (2011). Teori-teori Belajar dan Pembelajaran [Theories of Learning and Teaching]. Bandung: Penerbit Erlangga
  • Dolan, A.M. (2016). Place-based Curriculum Making: Devising a synthesis between primary geography and outdoor learning. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 16(1), 49-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2015.1051563
  • Gunarsa, S. D. (1982). Dasar dan teori perkembangan anak [Basic and theories of child development]. BPK Gunung Mulia.
  • Hegarty, M., & Kozhevnikov, M. (1999). Types of visual–spatial representations and mathematical problem solving. Journal of educational psychology, 91(4), 684.
  • Husamah, (2013). Pembelajaran Luar Kelas Outdoor Learning [Outdoor learning]. Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka Publisher.
  • Johan, H., Sipriyadi, S., Suhandi, A., Wulan, A. R., & Herawati, A. (2018). Enhancing Mastery of Earth Science Concept of Prospective Physics Teachers through Interactive Conceptual Instruction Supported by Visualization and GrADS. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(4), 435-441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii. v7i4.9799
  • Johnson, D.W. (1990). Reaching Out: Interpersoal Effectiveness and Self-actualization. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
  • Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy: An overview. Theory into Practice Journal, 41(1), 212-218. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4104_2
  • Mariana, R. (2005). Strategi Pengelolaan Lingkungan Belajar di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Jakarta: Depdiknas-Ditjen Dikti-Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan dan Ketenagaan Perguruan Tinggi.
  • Molenda et al., (1996). Instructional media and technologies for learning (5 th). Englewood Cliff, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.
  • Nugroho, H.D.( 2013). Strategi Pembelajaran Geografi [Geography learning strategies]. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak.
  • Özdilek, Ş.Y. et al. (2011). Community and Nature as Curriculum: A case study of an outdoor environmental education project. The International Journal of Educational Researchers, 3(1), 33-45.
  • Paisley, K. et al. (2008). Student Learning in Outdoor Education: A case study from the national outdoor leadership school. Journal of Experimental Education, 30(3), 201-222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5193/jee.30.3.201
  • Prasetya, S.P. (2014). Media pembelajaran geografi [Geography learning media]. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak.
  • Pratiwi, W. N., Rochintaniawati, D., & Agustin, R. R. (2018, May). The effect of multiple intelligence-based learning towards students’ concept mastery and interest in learning matter. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1013, No. 1, p. 012075). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1013/1/012075 Ratnasari, I. T., Wardani, S., & Nuswowati, M. (2018). The Impact of Multiple Intelligences Approach through Quantum Teaching Model toward The Scientific Attitude and Science Learning Outcomes in The Fourth Grade Students. Journal of Primary Education, 7(2), 146-154.
  • Rochmadi, H. (2015). The relationship of spatial and mathematical-logical intelligence with the reading ability of engineering drawing of the 11th-grade students of mechanical engineering program in 2nd Vocational School Depok. Thesis. Program of Machine Engineering Education, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Rickinson, M. et al., (2004). A Review Research on Outdoor Learning. London: National Foundation for Educational Research and King’s College.
  • Salam, M., Ibrahim, N., & Sukardjo, M. (2019, April). The Effect of Learning Model and Spatial Intelligence on Learning Outcome. In 1st International Conference on Advanced Multidisciplinary Research (ICAMR 2018). Atlantis Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/icamr-18.2019.76
  • Sirih, M., Ibrahim, N., & Priyono. (2019). Effect of learning models on biology learning outcomes in terms of student spatial intelligence. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 5(3), 503–706. Retrieved from http://www.ijicc.net /index.php/past-editions/39-vol-5-iss-3-spec-ed-part-3.html
  • Sirih, M., & Ibrahim, N. (2019). The Effect of Learning Models and Spatial Intelligences to Biology Learning Outcomes by Controlling the Initial Knowledge. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(6). DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.26803/ijlter.18.6.2
  • Sumarmi. (2012). Model-model Pembelajaran Geografi [Models of learning geography]. Malang: Aditya Media Publishing.
  • Suparno, P. (2004). Teori Intelligence Ganda dan Aplikasinya di Sekolah, Cara Menerapkan Teori Multiple Intelligencess Howard Gardner. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
  • Suprapto, P. K., bin Ahmad, M. Z., Chaidir, D. M., Ardiansyah, R., & Diella, D. (2018). Spatial Intelligence and Students’ Achievement to Support Creativity on Visuospatial-Based Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(2), 224-231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i2.14322
  • Thomas, G. (2005). Traditional Adventure in Outdoor Environmental Education. Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education, 9(1), 31-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ bf03400810
  • Tuula, R. and Martin A.J. (2013). Organization Management and The Development of A Qualification System in The Outdoor Recreation Sector: A case study of Estonia. Journal of Outdoor Studies, 7(1), 80-87.
  • Urfan, F., Darsiharjo, D., & Sugandi, D. (2018, April). Geo-Literacy between School Environment and Students Spatial Intelligence. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 145, No. 1, p. 012044). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/145/1/012044
  • Utami, W. S., & Zain, I. M. (2018, January). Geography literation to improve spatial intelligence of high school student. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 953, No. 1, p. 012173). IOP Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/953 /1/012173
  • Vera, A. (2012). Metode Mengajar Anak di Luar Kelas (Outdoor Study) [Teaching Methods for Children Outside Classroom]. Jogjakarta: DIVA Press.
  • Winarti, A., Yuanita, L., & Nur, M. (2019). The Effectiveness of Multiple Intelligences Based Teaching Strategy in Enhancing the Multiple Intelligences and Science Process Skills of Junior High School Students. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 9(2), 122-135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.404
  • Yani, A., Mulyadi, A., & Ruhimat, M. (2018). Contextualization of Spatial Intelligence: Correlation Between Spatial Intelligence, Spatial Ability, And Geography Skills. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 17(4).
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Differentiated Instruction
Authors

La Ode Amaluddin This is me 0000-0002-6104-1522

Rahmat Rahmat This is me 0000-0001-8421-4417

Surdin Surdin This is me 0000-0002-6771-3393

Muhammad İsa Ramadhan This is me 0000-0002-3080-0469

Desi Nurul Hidayat This is me 0000-0001-9532-2595

Andri Estining Sejati This is me 0000-0003-2052-9094

İ Gede Purwana This is me

Suritno Fayanto 0000-0003-3969-2940

Project Number Research grant university funding DIPA 2018
Publication Date September 15, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Amaluddin, L. O., Rahmat, R., Surdin, S., Ramadhan, M. İ., et al. (2019). The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 7(3), 717-730. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.613987
AMA Amaluddin LO, Rahmat R, Surdin S, Ramadhan Mİ, Hidayat DN, Sejati AE, Purwana İG, Fayanto S. The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence. JEGYS. September 2019;7(3):717-730. doi:10.17478/jegys.613987
Chicago Amaluddin, La Ode, Rahmat Rahmat, Surdin Surdin, Muhammad İsa Ramadhan, Desi Nurul Hidayat, Andri Estining Sejati, İ Gede Purwana, and Suritno Fayanto. “The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence”. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists 7, no. 3 (September 2019): 717-30. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.613987.
EndNote Amaluddin LO, Rahmat R, Surdin S, Ramadhan Mİ, Hidayat DN, Sejati AE, Purwana İG, Fayanto S (September 1, 2019) The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists 7 3 717–730.
IEEE L. O. Amaluddin, R. Rahmat, S. Surdin, M. İ. Ramadhan, D. N. Hidayat, A. E. Sejati, İ. G. Purwana, and S. Fayanto, “The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence”, JEGYS, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 717–730, 2019, doi: 10.17478/jegys.613987.
ISNAD Amaluddin, La Ode et al. “The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence”. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists 7/3 (September 2019), 717-730. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.613987.
JAMA Amaluddin LO, Rahmat R, Surdin S, Ramadhan Mİ, Hidayat DN, Sejati AE, Purwana İG, Fayanto S. The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence. JEGYS. 2019;7:717–730.
MLA Amaluddin, La Ode et al. “The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence”. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, vol. 7, no. 3, 2019, pp. 717-30, doi:10.17478/jegys.613987.
Vancouver Amaluddin LO, Rahmat R, Surdin S, Ramadhan Mİ, Hidayat DN, Sejati AE, Purwana İG, Fayanto S. The Effectiveness of Outdoor Learning in Improving Spatial Intelligence. JEGYS. 2019;7(3):717-30.
By introducing the concept of the "Gifted Young Scientist," JEGYS has initiated a new research trend at the intersection of science-field education and gifted education.