Assessment and improvement plan of the sustainability index in the development of palm bioenergy for Riau province electricity in Indonesia as a case study

Abstract

Riau province in Indonesia plays an essential role in meeting the nation's energy needs with its rich biodiversity and significant agricultural potential, particularly in palm oil. Palm oil cultivation, which spans vast areas in Riau, contributes substantially to plant-based fuel production. However, energy challenges persist, especially in remote areas lacking of reliable electricity. This research assesses the sustainability of palm oil-based bioenergy focusing on PT Perkebunan Nusantara V (PTPN-V). The study evaluates environmental, social, and economic dimensions using sustainability indicators such as GHG emissions, soil quality, and income changes. Methods include literature reviews, field surveys, and system analysis using Fuzzy AHP and MDS for sustainability index evaluation. Results show a moderately sustainable development score of 56.14%, balancing environmental, social, and economic performances. The analysis identifies five key sensitive attributes that inform the overall sustainability status of 56.41% for PKS Terantam, serving as a benchmark for future improvements.

Keywords

• Bioenergy sustainability
• Economic aspects.
• Environmental impact
• Palm oil
• Social implications

Thanks

We express our sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the successful completion of this research project, "Plan for Assessment and Improvement of the Sustainability Index in the Development of Palm Bioenergy for Electricity (Case Study: PT. Perkebunan Nusantara – 5, Riau Province)." First and foremost, we thank the management and staff of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara – 5 for their invaluable cooperation and support throughout the research process. Their willingness to share insights and data has been instrumental in the comprehensive understanding of the palm bioenergy development scenario in Riau Province. We are also grateful to Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim for their financial support, which made this research possible. Their commitment to advancing sustainable practices in bioenergy development aligns with the goals of our study. Lastly, we acknowledge our colleagues and research team members who contributed tirelessly to data collection, analysis, and the overall execution of this research. This research would not have been possible without the collective efforts and support of everyone mentioned above. Thank you for being an integral part of this endeavor.

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