Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 3 Sayı: 4, 148 - 157, 31.12.2019
Selami Balcı
,
Ömerhan Helvacı
Kaynakça
- Kargar, H.K., Sedighizadeh, M., and Mosavi, A. New grounding system of wind turbines. IEEE 43rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2008, Padova, Italy.
- Guneri, M. Improvement of Grounding Performances in Wind Power Plants (Doctoral Dissertation). Kocaeli University. Kocaeli, Turkey, 2018.
- Dawalibi, F.P., and Barbeito, N. Measurements and computations of the performance of grounding systems buried in multilayer soils. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1991, 6(4), 1483-1490.
- Dawalibi, F.P., Ma, J., and Southey, R.D. Behavior of grounding systems in multilayer soils: A parametric analysis. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1994, 9(1), 334-342.
- Ma, J., and Dawalibi, F.P. analysis of grounding systems in soils with finite volumes of different resistivities. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2002, 17(2), 596-602.
- IEC 60909 Std. Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 0: Calculation of currents. https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/24100, 2016.
- Steven W. Saylors, S.W. wind farm collector system grounding. IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition. Chicago, 2008, IL, USA.
- Trlep, M., Hamler, A., And Hribernik, B. The analysis of complex grounding systems by FEM. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1998, 34(5), 2521-2524.
- Kontargyri, V.T., Gonos, I.F., and Stathopulos, I.A. Study on wind farm grounding system. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2015, 51(6), 4969-4977.
- Yamamoto, K., Yanagawa, S., Yamabuki, K., Sekioka, S., and Yokoyama, S. Analytical surveys of transient and frequency-dependent grounding characteristics of a wind turbine generator system on the basis of field tests. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2010, 25(4), 3035-3043.
- Siahpoosh, M.K., Li, L., and Dorrell, D.G. Wind farm grounding system analysis. IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2017, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Akbari, M., Sheshyekani, K., and Alemi, M.R. The effect of frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters on the lightning performance of grounding systems. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2013, 55(4), 739-746.
- Rizk, M.E.M., Mahmood, F., Lehtonen, M., Badran, E.A., and Abdel-Rahman, M.H. Induced voltages on overhead line by return strokes to grounded wind tower considering horizontally stratified ground. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2016, 58(6), 1728-1738.
- Hoerauf, R. Considerations in Wind Farm Grounding Design. 49th IEEE/IAS Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (2012-PSEC-753), 2013, Stone Mountain, GA, USA, pp.1-6.
- Hoerauf, R. Considerations in Wind Farm Grounding Designs. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2014, 50(2), 1348-1355.
- IEEE Std. 80. IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding, IEEE Std. 80, 2000.
- IEEE Std. 81. IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Ground System, ANSI/IEEE Std. 81, 2012.
- IEEE Std. 81.2. IEEE Guide for Measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems, IEEE Std. 81.2, 1991.
- IEC 61400-24. Wind Turbine Generator Systems – Part 24: Lightning protection, 2010.
- Grange, F., Journet, S., Moini, R., and Dawalibi, F.P. Safety of Wind Farm Grounding Systems under Fault and Lightning Currents. IEEE 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Estoril, Portugal, 2016.
- Balci, S. Modeling and Analysis of Inverter Output Transformers, (M.Sc.), Institute of Science and Technology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.
- Bastos J.P.A., Sadowski N. Electromagnetic Modeling by Finite Element Methods, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis, Copyright by Marcel Dekker. 2003, Brazil.
- Balci, S., Analysis of the Effect of Different Stator Slot structures on the Terminal Voltage of the Synchronous Generators with Finite Element Method, BEU Journal of Science, 2019, 8(3), 947-957.
A Comparative simulation on the grounding grid system of a wind turbine with FEA software
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 3 Sayı: 4, 148 - 157, 31.12.2019
Selami Balcı
,
Ömerhan Helvacı
Öz
The mathematical models proposed in the
literature are used to determine the grounding resistance value for electrical
installations. These models are mathematical expressions that change according
to grounding type and the mechanical properties of the grounding system
elements. Besides, the inclusion of nonlinear terms is another important issue
in the modeling studies. For the modeling of nonlinear systems and the analysis
of the faults that may occur, the finite element analysis (FEA) approach
provides realistic results. In the present study, the simulation of a grid
fault that may occur in the grounding system of a sample wind turbine (WT) is
modeled by 2D electrostatic solver in FEA software. The simulation results
prove that the findings are similar to the realistic faults in the grounding
system.
Kaynakça
- Kargar, H.K., Sedighizadeh, M., and Mosavi, A. New grounding system of wind turbines. IEEE 43rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2008, Padova, Italy.
- Guneri, M. Improvement of Grounding Performances in Wind Power Plants (Doctoral Dissertation). Kocaeli University. Kocaeli, Turkey, 2018.
- Dawalibi, F.P., and Barbeito, N. Measurements and computations of the performance of grounding systems buried in multilayer soils. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1991, 6(4), 1483-1490.
- Dawalibi, F.P., Ma, J., and Southey, R.D. Behavior of grounding systems in multilayer soils: A parametric analysis. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1994, 9(1), 334-342.
- Ma, J., and Dawalibi, F.P. analysis of grounding systems in soils with finite volumes of different resistivities. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2002, 17(2), 596-602.
- IEC 60909 Std. Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 0: Calculation of currents. https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/24100, 2016.
- Steven W. Saylors, S.W. wind farm collector system grounding. IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition. Chicago, 2008, IL, USA.
- Trlep, M., Hamler, A., And Hribernik, B. The analysis of complex grounding systems by FEM. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 1998, 34(5), 2521-2524.
- Kontargyri, V.T., Gonos, I.F., and Stathopulos, I.A. Study on wind farm grounding system. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2015, 51(6), 4969-4977.
- Yamamoto, K., Yanagawa, S., Yamabuki, K., Sekioka, S., and Yokoyama, S. Analytical surveys of transient and frequency-dependent grounding characteristics of a wind turbine generator system on the basis of field tests. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2010, 25(4), 3035-3043.
- Siahpoosh, M.K., Li, L., and Dorrell, D.G. Wind farm grounding system analysis. IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2017, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Akbari, M., Sheshyekani, K., and Alemi, M.R. The effect of frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters on the lightning performance of grounding systems. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2013, 55(4), 739-746.
- Rizk, M.E.M., Mahmood, F., Lehtonen, M., Badran, E.A., and Abdel-Rahman, M.H. Induced voltages on overhead line by return strokes to grounded wind tower considering horizontally stratified ground. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2016, 58(6), 1728-1738.
- Hoerauf, R. Considerations in Wind Farm Grounding Design. 49th IEEE/IAS Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (2012-PSEC-753), 2013, Stone Mountain, GA, USA, pp.1-6.
- Hoerauf, R. Considerations in Wind Farm Grounding Designs. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2014, 50(2), 1348-1355.
- IEEE Std. 80. IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding, IEEE Std. 80, 2000.
- IEEE Std. 81. IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Ground System, ANSI/IEEE Std. 81, 2012.
- IEEE Std. 81.2. IEEE Guide for Measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems, IEEE Std. 81.2, 1991.
- IEC 61400-24. Wind Turbine Generator Systems – Part 24: Lightning protection, 2010.
- Grange, F., Journet, S., Moini, R., and Dawalibi, F.P. Safety of Wind Farm Grounding Systems under Fault and Lightning Currents. IEEE 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), Estoril, Portugal, 2016.
- Balci, S. Modeling and Analysis of Inverter Output Transformers, (M.Sc.), Institute of Science and Technology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, 2010.
- Bastos J.P.A., Sadowski N. Electromagnetic Modeling by Finite Element Methods, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianopolis, Copyright by Marcel Dekker. 2003, Brazil.
- Balci, S., Analysis of the Effect of Different Stator Slot structures on the Terminal Voltage of the Synchronous Generators with Finite Element Method, BEU Journal of Science, 2019, 8(3), 947-957.