Changes in the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Physiological Responses of Sea Buckthorn (Elaeagnus rhamnoides L.) Infested with the Lackey Moth (Malacosoma neustria L.)

Öz

Herbivorous insect infestations are a serious problem that threatens the plants. To cope with this issue, plants utilize various defense mechanisms. Malacosoma neustria L. (the lackey moth) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), which causes significant damage by feeding on many shrub-like and woody plants during its larval stage, is a worldwide pest. Sea buckthorn, Elaeagnus rhamnoides L. (Rosales: Elaeagnaceae), which has economic, ecological, and medicinal importance, is one of the plants most preferred by this insect. The changes in the amounts of secondary compounds, fresh and dry weights, the levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, the contents of total protein, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in leaves of the M. neustria-infested and non-infested E. rhamnoides were compared in this study. The leaves of E. rhamnoides were collected from the Kızılırmak Delta in Samsun Province, Turkey. The moth-infested and non-infested leaves constituted experimental groups. As a result, it was determined that the fresh weight and the content of protein in the lackey moth-infested leaves decreased. In contrast, the levels of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b, the content of MDA, the activities of SOD, CAT, and APX increased. Additionally, it was found that both the amount and composition of secondary compounds differ between the moth-infested and non-infested leaves. In conclusion, our findings indicate that E. rhamnoides defends itself against M. neustria infestation, which is a biotic stress factor, through both ROS-scavenging enzymes and its secondary compounds..

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioxidant defense system
• Chlorophyll
• Herbivore
• Malacosoma Neustria
• Sea buckthorn

Lackey Moth (Malacosoma neustria L.) ile İstila edilen Deniz Topalak (Elaeagnus rhamnoides L.)'ın Antioksidan Enzim Aktiviteleri ve Fizyolojik Tepkilerindeki Değişiklikler

Öz

Herbivor böcek istilaları, bitkileri tehdit eden ciddi bir sorundur. Bitkiler bu sorunla başa çıkmak için çeşitli savunma mekanizmaları kullanır. Larva döneminde birçok çalı benzeri ve odunsu bitkiyle beslenerek önemli hasara neden olan Malacosoma neustria L. (uşak güvesi) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), dünya çapında bir zararlıdır. Ekonomik, ekolojik ve tıbbi öneme sahip olan deniz iğdesi Elaeagnus rhamnoides L. (Rosales: Elaeagnaceae), bu böceğin en çok tercih ettiği bitkilerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, M. neustria ile istila ve istila olmayan E. rhamnoides yapraklarında sekonder bileşik miktarları, yaş ve kuru ağırlıklar, klorofil a, klorofil b ve toplam klorofil düzeyleri, toplam protein içeriği, malondialdehit (MDA) içeriği, askorbat peroksidaz (APX), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve katalaz (CAT) aktivitelerinin değişimleri karşılaştırılmıştır. E. rhamnoides yaprakları, Türkiye'nin Samsun ilindeki Kızılırmak Deltası'ndan toplanmıştır. Güve istilalı ve istilalı olmayan yapraklar deneme gruplarını oluşturmuştur. Sonuç olarak, güve istilasına uğramış yapraklarda yaş ağırlık ve protein içeriğinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Aksine, toplam klorofil, klorofil a ve klorofil b seviyelerinin, MDA içeriğinin, SOD, CAT ve APX aktivitelerinin ise arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, güve istilasına uğramış ve uğramamış yapraklarda sekonder bileşiklerin hem miktarı hem de bileşiminin farklılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, bulgularımız E. rhamnoides'in biyotik bir stres faktörü olan M. neustria istilasına karşı hem ROS-süpürücü enzimler hem de sekonder bileşikleri aracılığıyla kendini savunduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malacosoma neustria
• Antioksidan enzimler
• Klorofil
• Herbivor
• Malacosoma neustria
• Deniz topalak

Kaynakça

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