Research Article

Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Volume: 2026 Number: 2 September 3, 2026

Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Abstract

Industrial effluents containing synthetic dyes, such as Malachite Green Oxalate (MG) from tanneries, pose a major ecological challenge. In this work, we investigate the potential of a newly developed X-Faujasite (X-FAU) as an effective sorbent for MG, prepared through hydrothermal synthesis. The obtained material was thoroughly examined using several analytical techniques, including XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, and BET analysis. Results indicated that X-FAU exhibits structural properties highly suitable for adsorption, characterized by high surface area, distinct porosity, and the presence of appropriate functional groups. The adsorption behavior of MG was systematically evaluated under varying operational parameters, including pH, adsorbent quantity, contact time, and temperature. Under optimized parameters, X-FAU achieved nearly complete dye removal (99.9%), with a maximum uptake capacity of 296.36 mg/g at pH 8.26. Kinetic analysis indicated that adsorption adheres to a pseudo-second-order model. The superior fit of the equilibrium data to the Langmuir isotherm strongly supports the assumption of monolayer adsorption on the X-FAU surface. Thermodynamic investigations further showed that MG uptake on X-FAU is spontaneous and endothermic, with higher temperatures favoring adsorption efficiency. Additionally, FTIR analysis confirmed robust interactions between MG molecules and the X-FAU structure. Overall, the findings highlight that X-FAU is a sustainable, efficient, and high-performance adsorbent, making it an excellent option for treating dye-polluted wastewater.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Solid State Chemistry, Inorganic Materials

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 3, 2026

Submission Date

April 19, 2026

Acceptance Date

July 31, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 2026 Number: 2

APA
Tahiri, A., Chrachmy, M., Souileh, A., Ghibate, R., Harmouzi, N., Yamni, K., & Tijani, N. (2026). Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, 2026(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1932626
AMA
1.Tahiri A, Chrachmy M, Souileh A, et al. Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics. JOTCSA. 2026;2026(2):1-15. doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1932626
Chicago
Tahiri, Ayoub, Mohammed Chrachmy, Ayoub Souileh, et al. 2026. “Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 2026 (2): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1932626.
EndNote
Tahiri A, Chrachmy M, Souileh A, Ghibate R, Harmouzi N, Yamni K, Tijani N (September 1, 2026) Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 2026 2 1–15.
IEEE
[1]A. Tahiri et al., “Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics”, JOTCSA, vol. 2026, no. 2, pp. 1–15, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.18596/jotcsa.1932626.
ISNAD
Tahiri, Ayoub - Chrachmy, Mohammed - Souileh, Ayoub - Ghibate, Rajae - Harmouzi, Nojoud - Yamni, Khalid - Tijani, Najib. “Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 2026/2 (September 1, 2026): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1932626.
JAMA
1.Tahiri A, Chrachmy M, Souileh A, Ghibate R, Harmouzi N, Yamni K, Tijani N. Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics. JOTCSA. 2026;2026:1–15.
MLA
Tahiri, Ayoub, et al. “Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, vol. 2026, no. 2, Sept. 2026, pp. 1-15, doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1932626.
Vancouver
1.Ayoub Tahiri, Mohammed Chrachmy, Ayoub Souileh, Rajae Ghibate, Nojoud Harmouzi, Khalid Yamni, Najib Tijani. Removal of Malachite Green via X-Faujasite Adsorption: A Multi-Model Investigation of Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics. JOTCSA. 2026 Sep. 1;2026(2):1-15. doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1932626