The Structure of Eggshell and Factors Affecting Shell Quality in Chickens

Yıl 2019, , 48 - 54, 31.12.2019

E. Ebru Onbaşılar , İnes Tabib

https://doi.org/10.34233/jpr.602210

Cited By: 4

Öz

Eggs have the highest quality protein in animal
products and are rich in A, D, E, K and B vitamins and mineral substances such
as iron and phosphorus. The most important factors that cause the egg to lose
its nutritional value are broken egg problems due to the deterioration of the
shell quality. Eggshell quality is important for both producer and consumer.
The deterioration of the eggshell quality results in increased fracture rate,
microbial contamination and shorter shelf life. Eggshell quality is determined
by many factors such as genotype, age, oviposition time, ration, water quality,
rearing system, stress, temperature and diseases. Knowing the structure of the
eggshell and the factors affecting it are important in terms of both reducing
economic loss and ensuring healthier egg consumption. In this review, the
structure of the chicken eggshell and factors affecting shell quality are
summarized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chicken, Egg, Shell structure, Shell quality, Calcification

Tavuklarda Yumurta Kabuğunun Yapısı ve Kabuk Kalitesini Etkileyen Faktörler

Öz

Yumurta hayvansal ürünler
içerisinde en kaliteli proteine sahip olup A, D, E, K ve B grubu vitaminler ile
demir ve fosfor gibi mineral maddeler bakımından da zengindir. Yumurtanın besin
değerini kaybetmesine sebep olan önemli faktörlerin başında kabuk kalitesinin
bozulmasına bağlı olan kırık yumurta problemleri gelmektedir. Yumurtanın
kabuk kalitesi, hem üretici hem de tüketici yönünden oldukça önemlidir. Kabuk
kalitesinin kötüleşmesi kırık oranının artmasına bağlı olarak mikrobiyel
bulaşmanın artmasına ve raf ömrünün kısalmasına neden olmaktadır. Yumurtanın
kabuk kalitesini genotip, yaş, yumurtlama zamanı, rasyon, su kalitesi,
yetiştirme sistemi, stres, sıcaklık, nem ve hastalıklar gibi birçok faktör
etkilemektedir. Kabuğun yapısı ve bunu etkileyen faktörlerin bilinmesi hem
ekonomik kaybın azaltılması hem de insanlar tarafından daha sağlıklı yumurta
tüketiminin sağlanması açısından önemlidir. Bu derlemede tavuk yumurta
kabuğunun yapısı ve kabuk kalitesini etkileyen faktörler özetlenmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tavuk, Yumurta, Kabuk yapısı, Kabuk kalitesi., Kalsifikasyon

Kaynakça

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