n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract

Ayşe Arzu Şakul; Mehmet Evren Okur; Ayşe Esra Karadağ; Benay Daylan; Elif Güzel; Ekrem Musa Özdemir; Mehmet Yalçın Günal

n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract

Abstract

Carduus adpressus has been used for its anti-hair loss effect in traditional folk medicine. The plant species is mainly distributed in Türkiye, Bulgaria, and the Western Caucasus. The studies on this specific plant in the genus Carduus is limited which remarks the significance of the current study. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing properties of the methanolic extract of Carduus adpressus. Extract was obtained by maceration. The broth microdilution assay was performed on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays were performed to detect the antioxidant capacity. Wound-healing activity was tested using alloxan-induced diabetic BALB-c mice. 4 groups, control, vehicle, CAE and Carduus adpressus groups were treated with the relative agent for 10 days. Extract demonstrated 62.5 μg/mL MIC against S. aureus and E. faecalis, and 125 μg/mL MIC against P. aeruginosa and E. coli. ABTS assay showed higher antioxidant activity compared to the DPPH assay. Carduus adpressus group demonstrated strong regeneration, epithelisation, and angiogenesis compared to the control group on day 10. Additionally, expression of PDGF, VEGF, and collagen formation was increased in the Carduus adpressus group compared to the control group on day 10. Extract demonstrated strong antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound-healing activities which indicate that it could be a source in developing wound-healing agents.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Medical Pharmacology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ayşe Arzu Şakul ^*
0000-0002-9354-0000
Türkiye

Mehmet Evren Okur
0000-0001-7706-6452
Türkiye

Ayşe Esra Karadağ
Türkiye

Benay Daylan
0000-0002-8302-1127
Türkiye

Elif Güzel This is me
0000-0002-2737-0568
Türkiye

Ekrem Musa Özdemir
0000-0001-9416-7757
Türkiye

Mehmet Yalçın Günal
0000-0001-7702-2441
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 27, 2025

Submission Date

October 7, 2022

Acceptance Date

January 28, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 27 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Şakul, A. A., Okur, M. E., Karadağ, A. E., Daylan, B., Güzel, E., Özdemir, E. M., & Günal, M. Y. (2025). n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 27(2), 665-676. https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG

AMA

1.Şakul AA, Okur ME, Karadağ AE, et al. n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27(2):665-676. https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG

Chicago

Şakul, Ayşe Arzu, Mehmet Evren Okur, Ayşe Esra Karadağ, et al. 2025. “N Vivo Wound-Healing and in Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Carduus Adpressus Extract”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27 (2): 665-76. https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG.

EndNote

Şakul AA, Okur ME, Karadağ AE, Daylan B, Güzel E, Özdemir EM, Günal MY (June 1, 2025) n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27 2 665–676.

IEEE

[1]A. A. Şakul et al., “n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract”, J. Res. Pharm., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 665–676, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG

ISNAD

Şakul, Ayşe Arzu - Okur, Mehmet Evren - Karadağ, Ayşe Esra - Daylan, Benay - Güzel, Elif - Özdemir, Ekrem Musa - Günal, Mehmet Yalçın. “N Vivo Wound-Healing and in Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Carduus Adpressus Extract”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 27/2 (June 1, 2025): 665-676. https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG.

JAMA

1.Şakul AA, Okur ME, Karadağ AE, Daylan B, Güzel E, Özdemir EM, Günal MY. n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract. J. Res. Pharm. 2025;27:665–676.

MLA

Şakul, Ayşe Arzu, et al. “N Vivo Wound-Healing and in Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Carduus Adpressus Extract”. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, vol. 27, no. 2, June 2025, pp. 665-76, https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG.

Vancouver

1.Ayşe Arzu Şakul, Mehmet Evren Okur, Ayşe Esra Karadağ, Benay Daylan, Elif Güzel, Ekrem Musa Özdemir, Mehmet Yalçın Günal. n vivo wound-healing and in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Carduus adpressus extract. J. Res. Pharm. [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;27(2):665-76. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA67CT49DG