Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu 2. Bölge Futbol Hakemlerinin Özyeterlilik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu liginde görev yapan 2.bölge futbol hakemlerinin özyeterlilik düzeylerini (HÖYÖ) cinsiyet, klasman durumu, hakemlik süresi, lisanslı futbol oynama durumu ve görev yapılan il gibi değişkenlere bağlı olarak incelemektir. Araştırmaya Kocaeli, Sakarya, Bursa ve Kütahya illerinde İl Hakemi, Bölgesel Hakem ve Bölgesel Yardımcı Hakem olarak görev yapan toplam 204 hakem (21 kadın, 183 erkek) katılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Kruskal-Wallis H ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, lisanslı futbol oynayan hakemler ile oynamayanlar arasında özyeterlilik düzeyinde anlamlı bir fark olmadığını göstermiştir; ancak, lisanslı futbol oynayan hakemlerin özyeterlilik düzeylerinin oynamayanlara göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Cinsiyet değişkenine göre, erkek hakemler lehine anlamlı bir fark ortaya çıkmıştır. Klasman değişkeni, fiziksel yeterlilik, oyun bilgisi, baskı ve HÖYÖ toplam puanlarında anlamlı farklılıklar göstermiştir. Ayrıca, hakemlik süresine göre baskı, karar verme, iletişim, oyun bilgisi alt boyutlarında ve HÖYÖ toplam puanlarında anlamlı farklar tespit edilmiştir. İl değişkenine göre ise baskı alt boyutunda anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, hakemlerin özyeterlilik düzeylerini artırmak amacıyla, özellikle kadın hakemler ve lisanslı futbol oynamamış hakemler için özelleştirilmiş eğitim programları düzenlenebilir. Aynı zamanda, hakemlerin fiziksel yeterlilik, oyun bilgisi ve baskı altında karar verme yeteneklerini geliştirmeye yönelik düzenli eğitim ve destekleyici faaliyetler planlanmalıdır. Bu tür programlar, hakemlerin mesleki gelişimini destekleyerek genel performanslarını iyileştirebilir.

Keywords

• futbol hakemi
• özyeterlilik
• baskı
• karar verme

Investigation of Referee Self-Efficacy Levels of Football in the 2nd Region of Turkey Football Federation

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the referee self-efficacy (REFS) levels of 2nd region football referees working in the Turkish Football Federation league, based on variables such as gender, classification, refereeing experience, licensed football playing experience, and the province where they work. A total of 204 referees (21 women, 183 men) working as Provincial Referees, Regional Referees, and Regional Assistant Referees in the provinces of Kocaeli, Sakarya, Bursa, and Kütahya participated in the study. Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis. The findings showed that there was no significant difference in self-efficacy levels between referees who have played licensed football and those who have not; however, referees with licensed football experience had higher self-efficacy levels compared to those without. A significant difference was found in favor of male referees in terms of gender. The classification variable showed significant differences in physical competence, game knowledge, pressure, and overall REFS scores. Additionally, significant differences were detected in the pressure, decision-making, communication, and game knowledge sub-dimensions, as well as in overall REFS scores, based on refereeing experience. In terms of the province variable, a significant difference was found in the pressure sub-dimension. In conclusion, to enhance the self-efficacy levels of referees, customized training programs can be organized, especially for female referees and those who have not played licensed football. Additionally, regular training and supportive activities aimed at improving referees' physical competence, game knowledge, and decision-making skills under pressure should be planned. These programs could support the professional development of referees and improve their overall performance.

Keywords

• soccer referee
• self efficacy
• pressure
• decision making

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