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TRX Temelli Fonksiyonel Antrenmanın Genç Futbolcuların Sprint, Çeviklik ve Dengesi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Kontrollü Deneysel Çalışma

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 578 - 587, 30.09.2025

Abstract

References

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  • Arazi, H., Malakoutinia, F., & Izadi, M. (2018). The effects of eight weeks of TRX versus traditional resistance training on physical fitness factors and limb circumference in underweight non-athletic women. Physical Activity Review, 6, 73–80. https://doi.org/10.16926/PAR.2018.06.10
  • Bagherian, S., Ghasempoor, K., Rahnama, N., & Wikstrom, E. A. (2019). The effect of core stability training on functional movement patterns in college athletes. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 28(5), 444–449. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2017-0293
  • Bayrakdar, A., & Atıcı, M. (2025). Effects of plyometric and agility-based training on physical performance in adolescent male volleyball players: a controlled experimental study. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 29(4), 297–307. Retrieved from https://sportpedagogy.org.ua/index.php/ppcs/article/view/3212
  • Beckham, S. G., & Harper, M. (2010). Functional training: fad or here to stay? ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 14(6), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0b013e3181f8b3b7
  • Bodden, J. G., Needham, R. A., & Chockalingam, N. (2015). The effect of an intervention program on functional movement screen test scores in mixed martial arts athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(1), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000618
  • Boyle, M. (2016). New functional training for sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Brown, L. E., & Ferrigno, V. A. (2005). Training for speed, agility, and quickness. Human Kinetics. Cardoso Marques, M. A., González-Badillo, J. J., & Kluka, D. A. (2006). In-Season Resistance Training for Professional Male Volleyball Players. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 28(6), 16.
  • Chang, W. D., Chou, L. W., Chang, N. J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of functional movement screen, star excursion balance test, and physical fitness in junior athletes with different sports injury risk. BioMed research international, 2020(1), 8690540. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8690540
  • Cook, G. (2010). Movement: Functional movement systems: Screening, assessment, corrective strategies (1st ed., pp. 73–106). Aptos, CA: On Target Publications.
  • Cooke, E. V., Tallis, R. C., Clark, A., & Pomeroy, V. M. (2010). Efficacy of functional strength training on restoration of lower-limb motor function early after stroke: Phase I randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 24(1), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968309338199
  • Cosio-Lima, L. M., Reynolds, K. L., Winter, C., Paolone, V., & Jones, M. T. (2003). Effects of physioball and traditional floor exercises on early phase adaptations in back and abdominal core stability and balance in women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(4), 721–725. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0721:EOPACF>2.0.CO;2
  • Distefano L. J, Distefano, M. J, Frank, B. S, Clark, M. A. & Padua, D. A. (2013). Comparison of integrated and isolated training on performance measures and neuromuscular control. Journal of Strength Cond Res. 27(4), 1083-1090. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318280d40b
  • Erol, S. (2023). The Effect of Low and High Intensity TRX Training on Balance and Vertical Jump Performance of Footballers. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 306-313. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1238192
  • Fayazmilani, R., Abbasi, A., Hovanloo, F., & Asgari, M. (2022). The effect of TRX and bodyweight training on physical fitness and body composition in prepubescent soccer athletes. Sport Sciences for Health, 18(6), 1369–1377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-022-00908-1
  • Fong, S. S. M., Tam, Y. T., Macfarlane, D. J., Ng, S. S. M., Bae, Y.-H., Chan, E. W. Y., & Guo, X. (2015). Core Muscle Activity during TRX Suspension Exercises with and without Kinesiology Taping in Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: Implications for Rehabilitation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/910168
  • Gaedtke, A., & Morat, T. (2015). TRX Suspension Training: A New Functional Training Approach for Older Adults – Development, Training Control and Feasibility. International Journal of Exercise Science, 8(3), 224-233.
  • Granacher, U., Muehlbauer, T., Doerflinger, B., Strohmeier, R., & Gollhofer, A. (2015). The role of instability in plyometric training in youth: Effects on physical performance in sub-elite adolescent soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(5), 386–394. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1395519
  • Gürgen, K., & Boz, H. K. (2023). The Effect of Trx Exercise Program on Sporting Performance of 13–15 Years Old Male Football Players. Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 5(2), 85-93. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1375225
  • Haugen, T. A., Tønnessen, E., Hisdal, J., & Seiler, S. (2014). The role and development of sprinting speed in soccer. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 9(3), 432-441. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0121
  • Jalilvand, F., Mock, S., Stecyk, S., Crelling, J., Lockwood, J., & Lockie, R. (2015). The arrowhead change-of-direction speed test: reliability and relationships to other multidirectional speed assessments. In Proceedings of the 38th National Strength and Conditioning Association National Conference and Exhibition (pp. 8-11).
  • Janot, J. M., et al. (2013). The effects of TRX versus traditional resistance training programs on measures of muscular performance in adults. Journal of Fitness Research, 2(2), 23–38.
  • Kavanaugh, A. (2007). The role of progressive overload in sports conditioning. NSCA’s Performance Training Journal, 6(1), 15–17.
  • Keiner, M., Kadlubowski, B., Sander, A., Hartmann, H., & Wirth, K. (2022). Effects of 10 months of speed, functional, and traditional strength training on strength, linear sprint, change of direction, and jump performance in trained adolescent soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 36(8), 2236-2246. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003807
  • Khan, M. A., Al Sehemi Saad, A., & Alahmadi, O. A. (2025). Injury Prevention Programs in Youth Football: A Narrative Review of the FIFA 11+ and FUNBALL Programs. Cureus, 17(4). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.82232
  • Khorjahani, A., Mirmoezzi, M., Bagheri, M., & Kalantariyan, M. (2021). Effects of TRX Suspension Training on Proprioception and Muscle Strength in Female Athletes with Functional Ankle Instability. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.107042
  • Kibele, A., & Behm, D. G. (2009). Seven weeks of instability and traditional resistance training effects on strength, balance, and functional performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2443–2450. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf0489
  • Kokstejn, J., Musalek, M., Wolanski, P., Murawska-Cialowicz, E., & Stastny, P. (2019). Fundamental motor skills mediate the relationship between physical fitness and soccer-specific motor skills in young soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 596. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00596
  • Koźlenia, D., & Domaradzki, J. (2021). The impact of physical performance on functional movement screen scores and asymmetries in female university physical education students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168872
  • Laws, A., Williams, S., & Wilson, C. (2017). The effect of clinical Pilates on functional movement in recreational runners. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(10), 776–780. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-113955
  • Liao, T., Duhig, S. J., Du, G., Luo, B., & Wang, Y. T. (2022). Effects of functional strength training intervention on movement quality and physical fitness in adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 129(1), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125211045222
  • Lockie, R. G., Murphy, A. J., & Spinks, C. D. (2003). Effects of Resisted Sled Towing on Sprint Kinematics in Field-Sport Athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(4), 760–767.
  • Lohman, T. G., Roche, A. F., & Martorell, R. (1988). Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Human Kinetics.
  • Mallmann, A. L. S., da Silva Medeiros, F., da Rosa, B. N., Gontijo, K. N. S., & Candotti, C. T. (2019). Effects of TRX Suspensions Training on functionality, body pain and static posture of an elderly woman: a case report. Journal of Health Sciences, 21(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2019v21n1p8-14
  • Marta, C. C., Marinho, D. A., Barbosa, T. M., Izquierdo, M., & Marques, M. C. (2019). Effects of suspension versus traditional strength training on explosive strength in school-aged boys. Pediatric Exercise Science, 31(4), 473–479. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2018-0287
  • Mujika, I., Santisteban, J., & Castagna, C. (2009). In-season effect of short-term sprint and power training programs on elite junior soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2581-2587.
  • Negra, Y., Chaabene, H., Hammami, M., Hachana, Y., & Granacher, U. (2017). Effects of plyometric training on physical fitness in prepubertal soccer athletes: The role of surface instability. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(12), 3295–3304. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001773
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The Effects of TRX-Based Functional Training on Sprint, Agility, and Balance in Youth Football Players: A Controlled Experimental Study

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 578 - 587, 30.09.2025

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the effects of an 8-week TRX-based functional training program on sprinting, agility, and dynamic balance in young soccer players aged 12–15 years. The mean age of the participants was 14,0±0,83 years in the experimental group and 14,9±0,93 years in the control group. The average heights were 1,62±0,07 m and 1,65±0,07 m, respectively, and the average weights were 48,3±7,9 kg and 54,6±14,0 kg, respectively. The Arrowhead agility test, 20-meter sprint test, and balance measurements were performed. The experimental data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistical program (version 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA). In the agility test, a significant decrease of 0,10 seconds (1,08%) (p<0,001) was observed in the experimental group, while no significant change was found in the control group (p>0,05). In the 20-meter sprint test, a significant decrease of 0,12 seconds (2,74%) (p<0,001) was observed in the experimental group, while no significant change was detected in the control group (p>0,05). In the group comparison, significant differences were found in the Arrowhead test (p<0,039) and the 20-meter sprint (p<0,026). In the Y-Balance Test, significant increases in reach distances were observed in all directions in the experimental group (p<0,05). No significant changes were detected in the control group (p>0,05). In the intergroup comparison, a significant difference was found only in the left posteromedial direction (p<0,045). Group differences in other directions were not significant (p>0,05). In conclusion, the 8-week TRX-based functional training program significantly improved sprint, agility, and dynamic balance performance in young soccer players.

References

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  • Arazi, H., Malakoutinia, F., & Izadi, M. (2018). The effects of eight weeks of TRX versus traditional resistance training on physical fitness factors and limb circumference in underweight non-athletic women. Physical Activity Review, 6, 73–80. https://doi.org/10.16926/PAR.2018.06.10
  • Bagherian, S., Ghasempoor, K., Rahnama, N., & Wikstrom, E. A. (2019). The effect of core stability training on functional movement patterns in college athletes. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 28(5), 444–449. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2017-0293
  • Bayrakdar, A., & Atıcı, M. (2025). Effects of plyometric and agility-based training on physical performance in adolescent male volleyball players: a controlled experimental study. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 29(4), 297–307. Retrieved from https://sportpedagogy.org.ua/index.php/ppcs/article/view/3212
  • Beckham, S. G., & Harper, M. (2010). Functional training: fad or here to stay? ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 14(6), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0b013e3181f8b3b7
  • Bodden, J. G., Needham, R. A., & Chockalingam, N. (2015). The effect of an intervention program on functional movement screen test scores in mixed martial arts athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(1), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000618
  • Boyle, M. (2016). New functional training for sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Brown, L. E., & Ferrigno, V. A. (2005). Training for speed, agility, and quickness. Human Kinetics. Cardoso Marques, M. A., González-Badillo, J. J., & Kluka, D. A. (2006). In-Season Resistance Training for Professional Male Volleyball Players. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 28(6), 16.
  • Chang, W. D., Chou, L. W., Chang, N. J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of functional movement screen, star excursion balance test, and physical fitness in junior athletes with different sports injury risk. BioMed research international, 2020(1), 8690540. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8690540
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  • Cooke, E. V., Tallis, R. C., Clark, A., & Pomeroy, V. M. (2010). Efficacy of functional strength training on restoration of lower-limb motor function early after stroke: Phase I randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 24(1), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968309338199
  • Cosio-Lima, L. M., Reynolds, K. L., Winter, C., Paolone, V., & Jones, M. T. (2003). Effects of physioball and traditional floor exercises on early phase adaptations in back and abdominal core stability and balance in women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(4), 721–725. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287(2003)017<0721:EOPACF>2.0.CO;2
  • Distefano L. J, Distefano, M. J, Frank, B. S, Clark, M. A. & Padua, D. A. (2013). Comparison of integrated and isolated training on performance measures and neuromuscular control. Journal of Strength Cond Res. 27(4), 1083-1090. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318280d40b
  • Erol, S. (2023). The Effect of Low and High Intensity TRX Training on Balance and Vertical Jump Performance of Footballers. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 306-313. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1238192
  • Fayazmilani, R., Abbasi, A., Hovanloo, F., & Asgari, M. (2022). The effect of TRX and bodyweight training on physical fitness and body composition in prepubescent soccer athletes. Sport Sciences for Health, 18(6), 1369–1377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-022-00908-1
  • Fong, S. S. M., Tam, Y. T., Macfarlane, D. J., Ng, S. S. M., Bae, Y.-H., Chan, E. W. Y., & Guo, X. (2015). Core Muscle Activity during TRX Suspension Exercises with and without Kinesiology Taping in Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: Implications for Rehabilitation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/910168
  • Gaedtke, A., & Morat, T. (2015). TRX Suspension Training: A New Functional Training Approach for Older Adults – Development, Training Control and Feasibility. International Journal of Exercise Science, 8(3), 224-233.
  • Granacher, U., Muehlbauer, T., Doerflinger, B., Strohmeier, R., & Gollhofer, A. (2015). The role of instability in plyometric training in youth: Effects on physical performance in sub-elite adolescent soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(5), 386–394. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1395519
  • Gürgen, K., & Boz, H. K. (2023). The Effect of Trx Exercise Program on Sporting Performance of 13–15 Years Old Male Football Players. Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 5(2), 85-93. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1375225
  • Haugen, T. A., Tønnessen, E., Hisdal, J., & Seiler, S. (2014). The role and development of sprinting speed in soccer. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 9(3), 432-441. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0121
  • Jalilvand, F., Mock, S., Stecyk, S., Crelling, J., Lockwood, J., & Lockie, R. (2015). The arrowhead change-of-direction speed test: reliability and relationships to other multidirectional speed assessments. In Proceedings of the 38th National Strength and Conditioning Association National Conference and Exhibition (pp. 8-11).
  • Janot, J. M., et al. (2013). The effects of TRX versus traditional resistance training programs on measures of muscular performance in adults. Journal of Fitness Research, 2(2), 23–38.
  • Kavanaugh, A. (2007). The role of progressive overload in sports conditioning. NSCA’s Performance Training Journal, 6(1), 15–17.
  • Keiner, M., Kadlubowski, B., Sander, A., Hartmann, H., & Wirth, K. (2022). Effects of 10 months of speed, functional, and traditional strength training on strength, linear sprint, change of direction, and jump performance in trained adolescent soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 36(8), 2236-2246. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003807
  • Khan, M. A., Al Sehemi Saad, A., & Alahmadi, O. A. (2025). Injury Prevention Programs in Youth Football: A Narrative Review of the FIFA 11+ and FUNBALL Programs. Cureus, 17(4). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.82232
  • Khorjahani, A., Mirmoezzi, M., Bagheri, M., & Kalantariyan, M. (2021). Effects of TRX Suspension Training on Proprioception and Muscle Strength in Female Athletes with Functional Ankle Instability. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.107042
  • Kibele, A., & Behm, D. G. (2009). Seven weeks of instability and traditional resistance training effects on strength, balance, and functional performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(9), 2443–2450. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf0489
  • Kokstejn, J., Musalek, M., Wolanski, P., Murawska-Cialowicz, E., & Stastny, P. (2019). Fundamental motor skills mediate the relationship between physical fitness and soccer-specific motor skills in young soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 596. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00596
  • Koźlenia, D., & Domaradzki, J. (2021). The impact of physical performance on functional movement screen scores and asymmetries in female university physical education students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168872
  • Laws, A., Williams, S., & Wilson, C. (2017). The effect of clinical Pilates on functional movement in recreational runners. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(10), 776–780. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-113955
  • Liao, T., Duhig, S. J., Du, G., Luo, B., & Wang, Y. T. (2022). Effects of functional strength training intervention on movement quality and physical fitness in adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 129(1), 176–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125211045222
  • Lockie, R. G., Murphy, A. J., & Spinks, C. D. (2003). Effects of Resisted Sled Towing on Sprint Kinematics in Field-Sport Athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 17(4), 760–767.
  • Lohman, T. G., Roche, A. F., & Martorell, R. (1988). Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Human Kinetics.
  • Mallmann, A. L. S., da Silva Medeiros, F., da Rosa, B. N., Gontijo, K. N. S., & Candotti, C. T. (2019). Effects of TRX Suspensions Training on functionality, body pain and static posture of an elderly woman: a case report. Journal of Health Sciences, 21(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2019v21n1p8-14
  • Marta, C. C., Marinho, D. A., Barbosa, T. M., Izquierdo, M., & Marques, M. C. (2019). Effects of suspension versus traditional strength training on explosive strength in school-aged boys. Pediatric Exercise Science, 31(4), 473–479. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2018-0287
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Movement Education in Sports Science
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Müjde Atıcı 0000-0002-2348-1914

Akan Bayrakdar 0000-0002-3217-0253

Publication Date September 30, 2025
Submission Date July 5, 2025
Acceptance Date September 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Atıcı, M., & Bayrakdar, A. (2025). The Effects of TRX-Based Functional Training on Sprint, Agility, and Balance in Youth Football Players: A Controlled Experimental Study. Journal of Sport for All and Recreation, 7(3), 578-587. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1735638

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