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The Turkish Adaptation of The Adolescents’ Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale: The Validity And Reliability Study

Year 2022, , 545 - 563, 30.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.30900/kafkasegt.974005

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish forum of Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale, which was developed to evaluate adolescents ' perceptions of their appearance on social media. Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale was developed by Choukas-Bradleya, Nesi, Widmand ve Galla (2020). The scale adaptation study was conducted with the participation of 376 adolescents. Three separate study groups are involved in the study. Language equivalence study in the first study group includes 33 students that speak English and Turkish, 19 of whom are girls and 14 of whom are boys. The second study group consists of 280 students, 183 of whom were girls (65%) and 97 of whom were boys (35%), for item analysis, structure validity, confirmatory factor analysis and criterion-related validity studies. In addition, in the third study group, there were 63 students, 37 of whom were girls and 26 of whom were boys, for test-retest reliability of the scale. According to the confirmatory factor analysis conducted with LISREL 8.88 package program, it was determined that the model consisting of 13 items and one dimension had valid compliance criteria (χ2/df=2.80, N=280, p=.001; RMSEA=.08, CFI=.98; GFI=.91; NFI=0.96; NNFI=0.97; IFI=.98; RFI=.95; AGFI=.87; SRMR=.04). Factor loads of the scale are ranked between .38 and .73 Cronbach Alpha internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was found as .91 The test-retest reliability that's done for the scales reliability over time was found as .94 The data obtained showed that the adapted Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for evaluating the perceptions of adolescents in Turkey regarding their appearance on social media.

References

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  • Clay, D., Vignoles, V. L. ve Dittmar, H. (2005). Body image and self‐esteem among adolescent girls: Testing the influence of sociocultural factors. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 15(4), 451-477.
  • Çetin, B., Doğan, T. ve Sapmaz, F. (2010). Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu Ölçeği Kısa Formu’nun Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(156).
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  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling: issues and practical considerations. New York: The Guildford Press.
  • Kline, P. (2000). Handbook of psychological testing. London: Routledge.
  • Kuss, D. J. ve Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), 311.
  • Lindner, D. ve Tantleff-Dunn, S. (2017). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 41(2), 254-272.
  • Lonergan, A. R., Bussey, K., Fardouly, J., Griffiths, S., Murray, S. B., Hay, P., ... & Mitchison, D. (2020). Protect me from my selfie: Examining the association between photo‐based social media behaviors and self‐reported eating disorders in adolescence. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(5), 755-766.
  • McCabe, M. P. ve Ricciardelli, L. A. (2003). Sociocultural influences on body image and body changes among adolescent boys and girls. The Journal of social psychology, 143(1), 5-26.
  • Marsh, H. W., Richards, G. E., Johnson, S., Roche, L. ve Tremayne, P. (1994). Physical Self Description Questionnaire: Psychometric properties and a miiltitrait-multimethod analysis of relations to existing instruments. Journal of Sport and Exercise psychology, 16(3), 270-305. doi:10.1123/jsep.16.3.270
  • McLean, S. A., Jarman, H. K. ve Rodgers, R. F. (2019). How do “selfies” impact adolescents' well-being and body confidence? A narrative review. Psychology research and behavior management, 12, 513-526.
  • Markey, C. N. (2010). Invited commentary: Why body image is important to adolescent development. J Youth Adolescence, 39, 1387–1391. doi:10.1007/s10964-010-9510-0
  • Monacis, L., Griffiths, M. D., Limone, P., Sinatra, M. ve Servidio, R. (2020). Selfitis behavior: Assessing the Italian version of the Selfitis Behavior Scale and its mediating role in the relationship of dark traits with social media addiction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), 5738-5745.
  • Murphy, E., Dooley, B., Menton, A. ve Dolphin, L. (2016). What factors mediate the relationship between global self-worth and weight and shape concerns?. Eating behaviors, 21, 142-149.
  • Meier, E. P. ve Gray, J. (2014). Facebook photo activity associated with body image disturbance in adolescent girls. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(4), 199-206.
  • McLean, S. A., Paxton, S. J., Wertheim, E. H. ve Masters, J. (2015). Photoshopping the selfie: Self photo editing and photo investment are associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(8), 1132-1140.
  • Oktan, V. ve Şahin, M. (2010). Kız ergenlerde beden imajı ile benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 543-556.
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  • Pelosi, A., Zorzi, G. ve Corsano, P. (2014). The" Body Image Control in Photos Questionnaire"(BICP). BPA-Applied Psychology Bulletin (Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata), 62(269), 42-52.
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Ergenlerde Sosyal Medyada Görünüş Algısı Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2022, , 545 - 563, 30.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.30900/kafkasegt.974005

Abstract

Bu araştırmada ergenlerin sosyal medyadaki görünüşlerine ilişkin algılarını değerlendirmek amacıyla geliştirilen Sosyal Medyada Görünüş Algısı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe forumunun psikometrik özelliklerini incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Sosyal Medyada Görünüş Algısı Ölçeği, Choukas-Bradley, vd. (2020) tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek uyarlama çalışması 376 ergenin katılım ile gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırmada üç ayrı çalışma grubu yer almaktadır. Birinci çalışma grubunda ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerlik çalışması İngilizce ve Türkçe bilen 19’u kız 14’ü erkek olmak üzere 33 öğrenci yer almaktadır. İkinci çalışma grubu madde analizi, yapı geçerliği, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve ölçüt bağlantılı geçerlik çalışmaları için 183’ü kız (%65) ve 97’si erkek (%35) 280 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, üçüncü çalışma grubunda ise ölçeğin test tekrar test güvenirliği için 37’si kız 26’i erkek olmak üzere 63 öğrenci bulunmaktadır. LISREL 8.88 paket programı ile yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizine göre 13 maddeden ve tek boyuttan oluşan modelin geçerli uyum ölçütlerine sahip olduğu değerlendirilmiştir (χ2/df=2.80, N=280, p=.001; RMSEA=.08, CFI=.98; GFI=.91; NFI=.96; NNFI=.97; IFI=.98; RFI=.95; AGFI=.87; SRMR=.04). Ölçeğin faktör yükleri .38 ile .73 arasında sıralanmaktadır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı .91 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin zaman içindeki güvenirliği için yapılan test tekrar test güvenirliğinin ise .94 olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler, uyarlaması yapılan Sosyal Medyada Görünüş Algısı Ölçeği’nin Türkiye’deki ergenlerin sosyal medyadaki görünüşlerine ilişkin algılarının değerlendirilmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermiştir.

References

  • Aladağ, S. (2005). İlköğretim matematik öğretiminde proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının öğrencilerin akademik başarısına ve tutumuna etkisi (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi.
  • Anderson, M. ve Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, social media & technology 2018. Pew Research Center, 31, 1673-1689.
  • Aslan, H. ve Zihni, K. (2018). Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Beden İmajı ve Sosyal Kaygı Düzeyleri. Eğitim Kuram ve Uygulama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(3), 65-77.
  • Bee, H. ve Boyd, D. (2009). Çocuk gelişim psikolojisi. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Chang, L., Li, P., Loh, R. S. M. ve Chua, T. H. H. (2019). A study of Singapore adolescent girls’ selfie practices, peer appearance comparisons, and body esteem on Instagram. Body image, 29, 90-99.
  • Chua, T. H. H. ve Chang, L. (2016). Follow me and like my beautiful selfies: Singapore teenage girls’ engagement in self-presentation and peer comparison on social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 190-197.
  • Clay, D., Vignoles, V. L. ve Dittmar, H. (2005). Body image and self‐esteem among adolescent girls: Testing the influence of sociocultural factors. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 15(4), 451-477.
  • Çetin, B., Doğan, T. ve Sapmaz, F. (2010). Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu Ölçeği Kısa Formu’nun Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(156).
  • Çetinkaya, B., Gülaçtı, F. ve Çiftci, Z. (2019). Lise öğrencilerinin sosyal görünüş kaygı düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(17), 904-922.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, S. (2016). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve Lisrel uygulamalar. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Davison, T. E. ve McCabe, M. P. (2006). Adolescent body image and psychosocial functioning. The Journal of Social Psychology, 146(1), 15-30.
  • De Vries, D. A. ve Vossen, H. G. (2019). Social media and body dissatisfaction: investigating the attenuating role of positive parent–adolescent relationships. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(3), 527-536.
  • Doğan, T. (2010). Sosyal Görünüş Kaygısı Ölçeği’nin (SGKÖ) Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(39), 151-159.
  • Gioia, F., Griffiths, M. D. ve Boursier, V. (2020). Adolescents’ body shame and social networking sites: The mediating effect of body image control in photos. Sex Roles, 83(11), 773–785.
  • Gioia, F., McLean, S., Griffiths, M. D. ve Boursier, V. (2021). Adolescents’ selfie-taking and selfie-editing: A revision of the photo manipulation scale and a moderated mediation model. Current Psychology, 1-17.
  • Gioia, F. ve Boursier, V. (2019). Treatment of internet addiction and internet gaming disorder in adolescence: a systematic review. Multifaceted Approach To Digital Addiction And İts Treatment, 157-176.
  • Griffiths, M. D. ve Balakrishnan, J. (2018). The psychosocial impact of excessive selfie-taking in youth: A brief overview. Education and Health, 36(1), 3–6.
  • Hargreaves, D. A. ve Tiggemann, M. (2004). Idealized media images and adolescent body image:“Comparing” boys and girls. Body image, 1(4), 351-361.
  • Hart, T. A., Flora, D. B., Palyo, S. A., Fresco, D. M., Holle, C. ve Heimberg, R. C. (2008). Development and Examination of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale. Assessment, 15, 48-59.
  • Havighurts R. J. (1972). Developmental tasks and education. New York: McKay.
  • Hovardaoğlu, S. (1992). Vücut Algısı Ölçeği. Psikiyatri, Psikoloji, Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi, 1(1),26-27.
  • Hu, L. T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Kılıçarslan, S. ve Sanberk, İ. (2016). The study of the relationship between the self esteem, body mass ındex and life quality of adolescents. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(2), 3211-3220.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling: issues and practical considerations. New York: The Guildford Press.
  • Kline, P. (2000). Handbook of psychological testing. London: Routledge.
  • Kuss, D. J. ve Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), 311.
  • Lindner, D. ve Tantleff-Dunn, S. (2017). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 41(2), 254-272.
  • Lonergan, A. R., Bussey, K., Fardouly, J., Griffiths, S., Murray, S. B., Hay, P., ... & Mitchison, D. (2020). Protect me from my selfie: Examining the association between photo‐based social media behaviors and self‐reported eating disorders in adolescence. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(5), 755-766.
  • McCabe, M. P. ve Ricciardelli, L. A. (2003). Sociocultural influences on body image and body changes among adolescent boys and girls. The Journal of social psychology, 143(1), 5-26.
  • Marsh, H. W., Richards, G. E., Johnson, S., Roche, L. ve Tremayne, P. (1994). Physical Self Description Questionnaire: Psychometric properties and a miiltitrait-multimethod analysis of relations to existing instruments. Journal of Sport and Exercise psychology, 16(3), 270-305. doi:10.1123/jsep.16.3.270
  • McLean, S. A., Jarman, H. K. ve Rodgers, R. F. (2019). How do “selfies” impact adolescents' well-being and body confidence? A narrative review. Psychology research and behavior management, 12, 513-526.
  • Markey, C. N. (2010). Invited commentary: Why body image is important to adolescent development. J Youth Adolescence, 39, 1387–1391. doi:10.1007/s10964-010-9510-0
  • Monacis, L., Griffiths, M. D., Limone, P., Sinatra, M. ve Servidio, R. (2020). Selfitis behavior: Assessing the Italian version of the Selfitis Behavior Scale and its mediating role in the relationship of dark traits with social media addiction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), 5738-5745.
  • Murphy, E., Dooley, B., Menton, A. ve Dolphin, L. (2016). What factors mediate the relationship between global self-worth and weight and shape concerns?. Eating behaviors, 21, 142-149.
  • Meier, E. P. ve Gray, J. (2014). Facebook photo activity associated with body image disturbance in adolescent girls. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(4), 199-206.
  • McLean, S. A., Paxton, S. J., Wertheim, E. H. ve Masters, J. (2015). Photoshopping the selfie: Self photo editing and photo investment are associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(8), 1132-1140.
  • Oktan, V. ve Şahin, M. (2010). Kız ergenlerde beden imajı ile benlik saygısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 543-556.
  • Özdamar, K. (2017). Ölçek ve test geliştirme yapısal eşitlik modellemesi: Ibm, Spss, Amos ve Minitab uygulamaları. Eskişehir: Nisan Kitabevi.
  • Pelosi, A., Zorzi, G. ve Corsano, P. (2014). The" Body Image Control in Photos Questionnaire"(BICP). BPA-Applied Psychology Bulletin (Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata), 62(269), 42-52.
  • Perloff, R. M. (2014). Social media effects on young women’s body image concerns: The oretical perspectives and an agenda for research. Sex Roles, 71(11), 1–15.
  • Pesa, J. A., Syre, T. R. ve Jones, E. (2000). Psychosocial differences associated with body weight among girl adolescents: The importance of body image. Journal of Adolescent Health, 26, 330–337.
  • Presnell, K., Bearman, S. K. ve Madeley, M. C. (2007). Body dissatisfaction in adolescent females and males: Risk and resilience. Prevention Researcher, 14(3), 3-6.
  • Rapee, R. M., Oar, E. L., Johnco, C. J., Forbes, M. K., Fardouly, J., Magson, N. R. ve Richardson, C. E. (2019). Adolescent development and risk for the onset of social-emotional disorders: A review and conceptual model. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 123, 1-14.
  • Seçer, İ. (2015). Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Siibak, A. (2009). Constructing the self through the photo selection-visual impression management on social networking websites. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 3(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2012-1-5.
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There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Other Fields of Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hacer Yıldırım 0000-0002-0880-1318

Tuba Kalay Usta

Emin Kurtuluş 0000-0002-6346-0114

Publication Date August 30, 2022
Submission Date July 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Yıldırım, H., Kalay Usta, T., & Kurtuluş, E. (2022). Ergenlerde Sosyal Medyada Görünüş Algısı Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. E-Kafkas Journal of Educational Research, 9(2), 545-563. https://doi.org/10.30900/kafkasegt.974005

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