Synthesis of Pd/TiO2 Catalyst and Determination of Its Activity in Hydrogen Production from Sodium Borohydride

Abstract

Hydrogen is an environmentally friendly energy carrier that can be a sustainable solution to the increasing energy demand, produced from renewable energy sources. For the storage and transmission of hydrogen, metal borohydrides stand out with their hydrogen storage capacities. In this study, Pd/TiO2 catalyst was synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer, Emmett-Teller (BET), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscope- Energy Dispersive X‑Ray (SEM-EDX) techniques. The activity studies of the synthesized catalyst were carried out in the hydrolysis reaction of NaBH4 to produce hydrogen. Experimental studying conditions were determined as 100 mg NaBH4, 100 mg catalyst, 5 mL 0.25 M NaOH and three different reaction temperature parameters (20, 40 and 60 oC) were tested. The highest hydrogen yield (100%) and hydrogen production rate (102 mL/gcat.min) were obtained at 60 oC reaction temperature. In the reusability tests of the catalyst, a decrease in activity was observed after the first 4 uses. By applying the nth order reaction kinetics model to the NaBH4 hydrolysis reaction, the reaction rate degree was determined to be 0.7. The activation energy was calculated as 33.23 kJ/mol with the Arrhenius equation.

Keywords

• Sol-gel
• Pd/TiO2
• Sodium borohydride
• Hydrolysis
• Hydrogen

Pd/TiO2 KATALİZÖRÜNÜN SENTEZİ VE SODYUM BORHİDRÜRDEN HİDROJEN ÜRETİMİNDE AKTİVİTESİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Abstract

Hidrojen, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından üretilen ve artan enerji talebine sürdürülebilir bir çözüm olabilecek çevre dostu bir enerji taşıyıcısıdır. Hidrojenin depolanması ve iletimi için metal borhidrürler depolama kapasiteleri ile öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sol-jel yöntemi ile Pd/TiO2 katalizörü sentezlenmiş ve X-Işınları difraktometresi (XRD), Brunauer, Emmett-Teller (BET), X-Işınları Floresans (XRF) ve Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu-Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işınları (SEM-EDX) teknikleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Katalizörün aktivite çalışmaları hidrojen üretmek amacıyla NaBH4’ün hidroliz reaksiyonunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneysel çalışma koşulları 100 mg NaBH4, 100 mg katalizör, 5 mL 0,25 M NaOH olarak belirlenmiş ve üç farklı reaksiyon sıcaklığı (20, 40 ve 60 oC) denenmiştir. En yüksek hidrojen verimi (%100) ve hidrojen üretim hızı (102 mL/gkat.dk) 60 oC reaksiyon sıcaklığında elde edilmiştir. Katalizörün tekrar kullanılabilirlik testlerinde ilk 4 kullanımdan sonra aktivitesinde azalma olduğu gözlenmiştir. NaBH4 hidrolizi reaksiyonuna n. derecede reaksiyon kinetiği modeli uygulanarak reaksiyon hız derecesi 0,7 olarak belirlenmiştir. Arrhenius eşitliği ile aktivasyon enerjisi 33,23 kJ/mol olarak hesaplanmıştır.

Keywords

• Sol-jel
• Pd/TiO2
• Sodyum borhidrür
• Hidroliz
• Hidrojen

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