Research Article

Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability

Volume: 15 Number: 3 October 20, 2023
EN TR

Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability

Abstract

Objective: Gender affects how we serve and receive medical care. World Health Organization evaluates gender as a social determinant of health. However, a knowledge gap exists among physicians. The present study aims to adapt Nijmegen Gender in Medicine Awareness Scale (N-GAMS) in the Turkish language and define Turkish medical students’ gender awareness level and related factors. Methods: Two hundred seventy-two medical students participated. The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy- Student Version, and N-GAMS were utilized to collect data; in addition to sociodemographic form. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis repeated a three-factor structure, as previously demonstrated. The Cronbach’s alpha of the Turkish N-GAMS was 0.887. Criteria-related validity analysis resulted as follows: Gender sensitivity was associated with higher empathy and higher benevolent sexism. Gender role ideology toward patients scores were related to the male sex, lower empathy, and higher levels of sexist attitudes regarding both hostile and benevolent types. Gender role ideology toward doctors was higher in male students, in those with lower empathy, and in ambivalent sexism. Turkish medical students in our sample were less gender-sensitive than their European counterparts. Conclusion: N-GAMS is valid and reliable among Turkish medical students. There is a need for training in gender awareness in medical faculties.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None

Project Number

None

Thanks

None

References

  1. Mauvais-Jarvis F, Bairey Merz N, Barnes PJ, Brinton RD, Carrero JJ, DeMeo DL, et al. Sex and gender: modifiers of health, disease, and medicine [published correction appears in Lancet. 2020 Sep 5;396(10252):668]. Lancet. 2020;396(10250):565-82.
  2. 2. Lam CSP, Arnott C, Beale AL, Chandramouli C, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Kaye DM, et al. Sex differences in heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(47):3859-68c.
  3. 3. Blanton HL, Barnes RC, McHann MC, Bilbrey JA, Wilkerson JL, Guindon J. Sex differences and the endocannabinoid system in pain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2021;202:173107.
  4. 4. Christiansen DM, Berke ET. Gender- and Sex-Based Contributors to Sex Differences in PTSD. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020;22(4):19.
  5. 5. World Health Organization. (‎2011)‎. Gender mainstreaming for health managers: a practical approach. Geneva : World Health Organisation.
  6. 6. Rodríguez-Burbano AY, Cepeda I, Vargas-Martínez AM, De-Diego-Cordero R. Assessment of Ambivalent Sexism in University Students in Colombia and Spain: A Comparative Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(3):1009.
  7. 7. Glick P, Fiske ST. The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating Hostile and Benevolent Sexism. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996;70(3):491–512.
  8. 8. Yasin Y, Aydemir E, Şevik İ, Özyalçın E. Hâlâ Göremediklerimiz: Cinsiyet ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Temelli Tıp Yaklaşımı. Turk J Public Health. 2019;17(3):350-61.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Care Administration

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 20, 2023

Submission Date

May 10, 2023

Acceptance Date

October 17, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 15 Number: 3

APA
Yılmaz Karaman, İ. G., Yastıbaş, C., Altınöz, A. E., Örnekel, İ. N., Bilgin, M., & Gulec, G. (2023). Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability. Konuralp Medical Journal, 15(3), 429-437. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1294869
AMA
1.Yılmaz Karaman İG, Yastıbaş C, Altınöz AE, Örnekel İN, Bilgin M, Gulec G. Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2023;15(3):429-437. doi:10.18521/ktd.1294869
Chicago
Yılmaz Karaman, İmran Gökçen, Cennet Yastıbaş, Ali Ercan Altınöz, İrem Naz Örnekel, Muzaffer Bilgin, and Gulcan Gulec. 2023. “Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability”. Konuralp Medical Journal 15 (3): 429-37. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1294869.
EndNote
Yılmaz Karaman İG, Yastıbaş C, Altınöz AE, Örnekel İN, Bilgin M, Gulec G (October 1, 2023) Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability. Konuralp Medical Journal 15 3 429–437.
IEEE
[1]İ. G. Yılmaz Karaman, C. Yastıbaş, A. E. Altınöz, İ. N. Örnekel, M. Bilgin, and G. Gulec, “Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 429–437, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.18521/ktd.1294869.
ISNAD
Yılmaz Karaman, İmran Gökçen - Yastıbaş, Cennet - Altınöz, Ali Ercan - Örnekel, İrem Naz - Bilgin, Muzaffer - Gulec, Gulcan. “Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability”. Konuralp Medical Journal 15/3 (October 1, 2023): 429-437. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1294869.
JAMA
1.Yılmaz Karaman İG, Yastıbaş C, Altınöz AE, Örnekel İN, Bilgin M, Gulec G. Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2023;15:429–437.
MLA
Yılmaz Karaman, İmran Gökçen, et al. “Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 15, no. 3, Oct. 2023, pp. 429-37, doi:10.18521/ktd.1294869.
Vancouver
1.İmran Gökçen Yılmaz Karaman, Cennet Yastıbaş, Ali Ercan Altınöz, İrem Naz Örnekel, Muzaffer Bilgin, Gulcan Gulec. Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Nıjmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale: Assessment of Validity and Relıability. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2023 Oct. 1;15(3):429-37. doi:10.18521/ktd.1294869

Cited By

https://mjl.clarivate.com://search-results?issn=1309-3878&hide_exact_match_fl=true&utm_source=mjl&utm_medium=share-by-link&utm_campaign=search-results-share-this-journal

 

EBSCO - Research Databases, EBooks, Discovery Service

5bd95eb5f3a21.jpg