Retrospective Analysis of Pregnant Cases in Terms of Drug-Drug interactions and Teratogenic risks

Abstract

Objective: While teratogenic risks in pregnant women are frequently discussed, polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions (DDI) are topics with little known information. The aim of this study is to determine the polypharmacy status, DDI, and teratogenic risk profile during pregnancy. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted covering the year 2023 on pregnant women who were referred for pharmacology consultation due to a history of drug use. Investigation of DDI was performed through the Micromedex and Medscape online query modules. Results: It was found that 113 pregnant women used a total of 71 different active ingredient drugs from 24 diverse pharmacological groups. The average number of drugs used per individual was 2.97. Analgesics, antibiotics, and gastric acid inhibitors were the most used medications, respectively. 11.6% of the women had a comorbidity, and cardiovascular diseases were the most common. It was determined that 28.3% of women had a serious or moderate DDI. The rate of drugs in categories D and X, which are particularly risky in terms of teratogenicity, was found to be 40.8%. Conclusion: In addition to teratogenic effects, polypharmacy and DDI are also significant risk factors in pregnant women. There is still a crucial need for evidence on the medications prescribed in pregnancy, how it specifically affects women with comorbidities, and related benefits and harms.

Keywords

• Polypharmacy
• teratogenicity
• drug interactions
• comorbidities
• pregnancy

Gebe olguların ilaç-ilaç etkileşimleri ve teratojenik riskler açısından retrospektif analizi

Abstract

Amaç: Gebelerde teratojenik riskler sıkça tartışılan bir konudur ancak polifarmasi ve ilaç-ilaç etkileşimleri (İİE) hakkında çok az bilgi mevcuttur. Çalışmanın amacı, gebelik sırasında meydana gelen polifarmasi durumunu, İİE ve teratojenik risk profillerini belirlemektir. Metod: 2023 yılı süresince gebelikte ilaç kullanım öyküsü nedeniyle farmakoloji konsültasyonuna yönlendirilen kadınları kapsayan retrospektif bir kohort çalışması yapıldı. İİE araştırması Micromedex ve Medscape online sorgu modülleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: 113 gebenin toplamda 24 farklı farmakolojik gruptan 71 farklı etken madde içeren ilaç kullandığı bulundu. Birey başına kullanılan ilaçların ortalamasının 2,97 olduğu saptandı. Sırasıyla ağrı kesiciler, antibiyotikler ve mide asidi inhibitörlerinin en çok kullanılan ilaçlar olduğu belirlendi. Kadınların %11,6'sında bir komorbidite olduğu ve en sık kardiyovasküler hastalıklara sahip oldukları belirlendi. Gebelerin %28,3'ünde ciddi veya orta derecede İİE olduğu tespit edildi. Teratojenik açıdan özellikle riskli olan D ve X kategorisindeki ilaç oranının %40,8 olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Teratojenik etkilerin yanı sıra, polifarmasi ve İİE de gebelerde önemli risk faktörleridir. Gebelikte reçete edilen ilaçlar, özellikle komorbiditeleri olan kadınlar üzerindeki fayda ve zararları konusunda kanıtlara halen kritik derecede ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Polifarmasi
• teratojenite
• ilaç etkileşimleri
• komorbiditeler
• gebelik

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