Diyabetik ve Non-diyabetik Kişilerde Sosyo-Demografik ve Klinik Faktörlerin Depresyon ve Anksiyete Düzeyleri ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Diyabetik ve non-diyabetik kişilerde anksiyete ve depresyon prevalansının sosyo-demografik ve klinik risk faktörleri ile ilişkili olarak belirlenmesi

Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel ankete dayalı çalışmaya toplam 217 tip 2 diabet hastası (ortalama (SS) yaş: 53.7(8.1) yıl, %56.7’si kadın) ve non-diyabetik 100 sağlıklı kontrol (ortalama (SS) yaş: 36.9(10.6) yıl, %67.0’si kadın) dahil edildi. Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HADS) için anksiyete (HADS-A) ve depresyon (HADS-D) alt ölçek skorları sosyo-demografik ve diyabete ilişkin özellikler bağlamında diyabetik ve non-diyabetik hastalarda, değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Sınırda veya anormal anksiyete ve depresyon prevalansları açısından diyabetik (sırasıyla %42.4 ve %35.5) ve non-diyabetik (sırasıyla %49.0 ve %39.0) gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı. Diyabetik grupta, kadın cinsiyeti (sırasıyla, p<0.001 ve p=0.009) ve düşük gelir düzeyi (sırasıyla, p=0.035 ve p=0.025) daha yüksek HADS-A ve HADS-D skorları ile ilişkili bulundu. Kontrol grubunda HADS-A ve HADS-D skorları gençlerde daha yüksekti (<45 yaş, her biri için p=0.008). Diyabetik hastalarda ≥1 diyabetik komplikasyon varlığında anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek bulunan HADS-A skorları (p=0.009) dışında, HADS skorlarında hastalık özelliklerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı.

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, bulgularımız diyabet hastalarında diyabete ilişkin faktörlerden ziyade sosyo-demografik faktörlerin anksiyete ve depresyon üzerine etkin değişkenler olduğunu ve bu bağlamda diyabet hastaları ve kontrol olguları arasında depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri açısından bir farklılık olmadığını göstermektedir. 

Keywords

• Anksiyete,depresyon,diyabetik komplikasyonlar,Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği,sosyo-demografik

The Relation of Socio-Demographic and Clinical Factors to Depression and Anxiety Levels in Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression in diabetic versus non-diabetic persons in relation to socio-demographic and clinical risk factors

Methods: A total of 217 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean(SD) age: 53.7(8.1) years, 56.7% were females) and 100 age-matched non-diabetic control subjects (mean(SD) age: 36.9(10.6) years, 67.0% were females) were included in this cross-sectional questionnaire based survey. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) subscale scores for anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) were evaluated in diabetic patients in comparison to non-diabetics as well as in relation to socio-demographic and diabetes related characteristics.

Results: Similar prevalence of  anxiety and depression was noted in diabetic (42.4% and 35.5%, respectively) and non-diabetic (49.0% and 39%, respectively) groups. In the diabetic group, female gender (p<0.001 and p=0.009, respectively) and low income status (p=0.035 and p=0.025, respectively) were associated with higher scores for both HADS-A and HADS-D, while in the control group, both HADS-A and HADS-D scores were significantly higher in the younger age (<45 years, p=0.008 for each). Apart from significantly higher scores for HADS-A in diabetic patients in case of ≥1 diabetic complications (p=0.009), no significant difference in HADS scores was noted with respect to disease characteristics.

Conclusion:  Our findings revealed socio-demographic rather than diabetes related factors to be important correlates of anxiety and depression among patients with diabetes and thereby no difference between diabetics and controls in terms of depression and anxiety levels. 

Keywords

• Anxiety,depression,diabetic complications,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,socio-demographic

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