Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Kendi Kendine İlaç Kullanımı

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de üniversite öğrencilerinde sıklığının ve etkili olan faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tanımlayıcı çalışma için tabakalı rastlantısal ağırlık orantılı örneklem ile seçilen 494 lisans öğrencisinin katılımıyla çalışma yürütülmüştür. Öğrencilere kendi-kendine cevaplayacakları tanıtıcı özellikler ve kendi-kendine tedavi uygulamalarını kapsayan bir soru formu uygulanmıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ikili lojistik regresyon kullanılarak analizler yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Herhangi bir zamanda kendi-kendine tedavi sıklığı %81,6 (n=403) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kendi-kendine tedavi sıklığı kadınlarda %84,9 ve erkeklerde %75,6 (OR 2,0, %95 GA 1,2-3,3, p=0,005) olarak bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların %27,5’i (n=111) kendi tercih ve tecrübeleri ile ilaçları satın almıştır. Katılımcıların ilaç aldıkları semptomları en sık baş ağrısı (%90,8) olmuştur. Kendi-kendine tedavi ilaç grupları kadınların %95,9’unda (n=259), erkeklerin %93,2’sinde (n=123) analjezikler şeklinde olmuştur. Antibiyotik kullanımı; kendi-kendine tedavi grubunda %9,5 ve tüm katılımcılar için %7,7 olarak bulunmuştur. Kendi-kendine tedavi nedeniyle %8,2 (n=33) öğrenci herhangi bir zamanda bir yan etki tecrübe etmiştir. Kendi-kendine tedavi grubundaki öğrenciler tezgâh üstü ilaç grubu (OTC) ile yan etki olsa da ciddi yan etkiler olmayacağını (%30,5) veya herhangi bir yan etki olmayacağını (%3,8) düşünmektedir. Sonuç: Üniversite öğrencileri arasında kendi-kendine tedavi kadınlarda daha yüksek olmak üzere yaygın bir davranıştır. Öğrenciler, büyük ölçüde daha önceki kendi tecrübelerine güvenerek bu uygulamayı yapmaktadır. Ağırlıklı olarak daha önce benzer durumlar için hekimleri tarafından verilmiş ilaçları tercih etmektedirler.

Keywords

• Kendi-kendine tedavi
• Gençlik
• Öz-bakım

Self‐medication patterns among Turkish university students

Abstract

Objective: Self-medication is an important self-care practice that creates different fields for pharmaceutical companies and reduces the state's health costs and the time spent by the physician. This study aims to determine the prevalence of self-medication practice among university students in Turkey, along with the effective factors and self-medication practices. Methods: With the aim of conducting a descriptive cross-sectional study, this study was conducted with the participation of 494 undergraduate students selected through a stratified random weight-proportional sample. The students were asked to fill in a self-report questionnaire form including introductory characteristics and self-medication practices. Analyses were carried out using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Results: Of the participants, 64.4% (n=318) were female and 35.6% (n=176) were male. The mean age was 20.9 ± 2.0 (18-29) years. It was determined that 15.8% (n=78) of the participants were using a prescription medication continuously due to a chronic disease. The prevalence of self-medication at any time was determined to be 81.6% (n=403). The prevalence of self-medication was found to be 84.9% in females and 75.6% in males (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.3, p=0.005). As a source of self-medication, 75.4% of the students (n=304) stated that self-medication drugs were previously prescribed by a physician. Of the participants, 27.5% (n=111) bought the medication by their own preferences and experiences. The most common self-medication symptoms of the participants were headache (90.8%) and common cold (59.8%). Other causes included muscle/joint pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspeptic complaints. Self-medication drug groups were in the form of analgesics in 95.9% (n=259) of females and in 93.2% (n=123) of males. This was followed by cold drugs (58.2%), myorelaxants (47.5%), drugs with vitamin or mineral ingredients (41.8%), respectively. The prevalence of antibiotic self-medication was found to be 9.5% in the self-medication group and 7.7% for all participants. The thought of mild disease (77.6%) ranked first among the reasons for preferring self-medication. The prevalence of patient information leaflet reading behavior was 82.2% in the self-medication group. Due to self-medication, 8.2% (n=33) of the students experienced a adverse-effect at any time. The students in the self-medication group believed that there would not be serious adverse-effects caused by the OTC drugs even if they caused adverse-effect (30.5%) or that they would not cause any adverse-effects at all (3.8%). Conclusion : Self-medication is a common behavior among university students, with higher rates in females. Students practice this largely by relying on their previous experiences. They mostly prefer medicines previously given by their physicians for similar conditions. Opportunities must be used to inform people on OTC drugs.

Keywords

• self-medication
• youth
• self-care

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