Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Yeni Tip Corona Virus Pandemisinde Davranış, Kaygı Ve Stress Durumunun Değerlendirmesi

Abstract

Amaç: SARS-CoV-2’nin neden olduğu COVID-19 olarak adlandırılan akut solunum yolu hastalığı tüm Dünya’yı etkileyen pandemiye neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle oluşan temizlik ve toplumsal davranışlarını, kaygı ve stress durumlarını değerlendirmektir.

Yöntem: Covid-19 pandemisi başlangıcında; üniversite öğrencilerine sosyodemografik özellikler, temizlik ve toplumsal alışkanlıklar, kendisine ve aile üyelerine bulaşmasıyla ilgili endişe düzeyini sorgulayan sorular ve kaygı düzeyleri ölçmek için Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu Ölçeği ve stres durumlarını ölçen Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği’ni içeren anket uygulandı.

Bulgular: 463 katılımcıdan, %62,4’ünde el yıkama davranışının arttığı gözlendi. Öğrencilerin yaygın anksiyete puanı ortalaması 3,86±4,86 ve tüm öğrencilerin %17,5’inde (n=81) yüksek düzeyde anksiyete mevcuttu. Olay etki ölçeği puan ortalamaları 14,23±10,9 ve endişe puanları ortalaması 5,57±2,9. Öğrencilerin anksiyete ve endişeleri temizlik ve toplumsal davranışlarını etkilemektedir. Ayrıca öğrenci grupları arasında karşılaştırıldığında anksiyete, endişe ve olay etki ölçeği ve alt ölçekleri kız öğrencilerde ve tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine göre diğer fakülte öğrencilerinde anlamlı düzeyde daha fazla bulundu.

Sonuç: Tüm Dünya’yı etkileyen pandemilerin insanlar üzerinde yarattığı anksiyete ve endişe durumu, toplumu ve insan davranışlarını etkilemektedir. Covid 19 pandemisinin başlangıcında da üniversite öğrencilerinde özellikle el yıkama davranışında artış gözlenmektedir. Ayrıca tıp öğrencileri dışındaki diğer öğrenci gruplarında ve kız öğrencilerde daha fazla anksiyete, stres ve olaydan etkilenme yaşamaktadırlar.

Keywords

• Coronavirüs
• salgın
• öğrenci
• anksiyete

Evaluation of the behavior, anxiety and stress of university students in the new type of coronavirus pandemic

Abstract

Objective: Acute respiratory disease called COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 caused a pandemic affecting the whole world. Our aim in this study is to evaluate the cleaning and social behaviors, anxiety, and stress situations of university students caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: At the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic; university students were asked questions about their socio-demographic characteristics, their cleaning, and social habits, and their level of stress about being infected for themselves and their family members and also a questionnaire was applied which includes a common anxiety disorder scale to measure anxiety levels and Impact of Events Scale to assessing traumatic stress symptoms.

Results: It was observed that handwashing behavior increased in 62.4% of 463 participants. The mean of the students' common anxiety score was determined as 3.86 ± 4.86 and 17.5% (n = 81) of all students had high anxiety. The mean scores of the impact of event scale were 14.23 ± 10.9 and the stress point average was found as 5.57 ± 2.9. Students' stress and anxieties affect their cleaning and social behaviors. In addition, when compared between student groups, anxiety, stress, and the impact of event scale and subscales were found to be significantly higher in female students and also in students of faculties other than medical students.

Conclusion: Anxiety and stress caused by infectious diseases and pandemics surrounding the world affect human behavior and society. Moreover, female students and other student groups other than medical students are most affected by these situations.

Keywords

• coronavirus
• outbreaks
• students
• anxiety

References

1. 1) World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jul 25]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen
2. 2) World Health Organization. WHo director- GeneralQs opening remaks at the media briefing on Covid-19 [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jul 25]. Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
3. 3) Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733.
4. 4) International Medical Corps Sierra. Assessment of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) needs and resources in the context of ebola. 2014
5. 5) Wang ZH, Yang HL, Yang YQ, Liu D, Li ZH, Zhang XR, et al. Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression symptom, and the Demands for Psychological Knowledge and Interventions in college students during COVID-19 epidemic: A large Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020
6. 6) Mei SL, Yu JX, He BW, Li JY. Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin Province. Medicine and Society. 2011;24(05):84-6.
7. 7) Konkan R., Şenormancı Ö., Güçlü O., Aydın E., Sungur M.Z. Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu7 (YAB-7) Testi Türkçe Uyarlaması, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Archives of Neuropsychiatry/Noropsikiatri Arsivi, 2013, 50.1.
8. 8) Çorapçıoğlu A, Yargıç İ, Geyran P, Kocabaşoğlu N. Olayların etkisi ölçeği. InIES-R) Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Yeni Symposium 2006 (Vol. 44, pp. 14-22).

9. 9) Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, Zheng J. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry research. 2020 Mar 20:112934.
10. 10) Savitsky B, Findling Y, Ereli A, Hendel T. Anxiety and coping strategies among nursing students during the covid-19 pandemic. Nurse Education in Practice. 2020 Jun 2:102809.
11. 11) Al-Rabiaah A, Temsah MH, Al-Eyadhy AA, Hasan GM, Al-Zamil F, Al-Subaie S, Alsohime F, Jamal A, Alhaboob A, Al-Saadi B, Somily AM. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) associated stress among medical students at a university teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. Journal of infection and public health. 2020 Jan 27.
12. 12) Wong, J.G., Cheung, E.P., Cheung, V., Cheung, C., Chan, M.T., Chua, S.E., McAlonan, G.M., Tsang, K.W. and Ip, M.S., 2004. Psychological responses to the SARS outbreak in healthcare students in Hong Kong. Medical teacher, 26(7), pp.657-659.
13. 13) Bergeron SL, Sanchez AL. Media effects on students during SARS outbreak. Emerging infectious diseases. 2005 May;11(5):732.
14. 14) Loh LC, Ali AM, Ang TH, Chelliah A. Impact of a spreading epidemic on medical students. The Malaysian journal of medical sciences: MJMS. 2005 Jul;12(2):43.
15. 15) Tork HM, Mersal FA. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Corona virus: Knowledge and attitude of Qassim University students, KSA. Global Adv Res J Med Med Sci. 2018;7(4):90-7.
16. 16) Khan MU, Shah S, Ahmad A, Fatokun O. Knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers about middle east respiratory syndrome in multispecialty hospitals of Qassim, Saudi Arabia. BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec;14(1):1-7.
17. 17) Bukhari EE, Temsah MH, Aleyadhy AA, Alrabiaa AA, Alhboob AA, Jamal AA, Binsaeed AA. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak perceptions of risk and stress evaluation in nurses. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. 2016 Aug 31;10(08):845-50.
18. 18) Taghrir MH, Borazjani R, Shiraly R. COVID-19 and Iranian Medical Students; A Survey on Their Related-Knowledge, Preventive Behaviors and Risk Perception. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2020 Apr 1;23(4):249-54.
19. 19) Nemati M, Ebrahimi B, Nemati F. Assessment of Iranian nurses’ knowledge and anxiety toward COVID-19 during the current outbreak in Iran. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2020;15(COVID-19).