Relationship of ABO Blood Groups to SARS-COV-2 Infection Causing COVID-19 Disease

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether there is a predisposition to COVID-19 with ABO and Rh blood group systems.

Methods: The clinical data of 455 patients with COVID-19 seen between April 17, 2020, and June 30, 2020, at the Necip Fazıl City Hospital were retrospectively analyzed studied. The differences in the ABO blood group distribution between COVID-19 patients and the control group (7844 cases) were analyzed.

Results: The percentage of patients with type O blood in the COVID-19 group was significantly lower than that in the control group (29.7% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.009). The percentage of patients with type A and B blood in the COVID-19 set was higher than in the control group however, there were no significant differences, respectively (44.4% vs. 40.8%, 19.3% vs.16.6%, p = 0.134, p=0.123). Patients with blood group O had a lower risk of COVID-19 than A, B blood group patients (respectively; OR = 0.732, OR=0.594, p = 0.023, p=0.001). The risk of COVID-19 was higher for patients with blood groups A and B than with a blood group 0 (OR = 1.365, OR= 1.684, p = 0.023, p=0.001). The Rh blood group phenotype was not statistically significant in determining a patient’s vulnerability.

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that while the blood group 0 had a low risk and decreased risk for infection with SARS-CoV-2, whereas blood group A and B were associated related with an increased risk, indicating that certain specific ABO blood groups were connected correlated with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility.

Keywords

• COVID-19,
• SARS-COV-2,
• Susceptibility,
• ABO Blood-Group System

ABO Kan Gruplarıyla SARS-COV-2 Enfeksiyonunun Neden Olduğu COVID-19 Hastalığı Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızda ABO ve Rh kan grubu sistemleri ile COVİD-19’a yatkınlık olup olmadığı araştırılması hedeflenmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 17 Nisan – 30 Haziran 2020 arasında Necip Fazıl Şehir Hastanesine başvuran 455 COVID-19 hastası retrospektif olarak çalışılmıştır. COVID-19 hastaları ile 7844 kontrol grubu arasındaki kan grubunun dağılım farklıkları araştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: O kan grubu taşıyan COVİD 19 hastalarının oranı kontol grubu hastalarına göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (%29, %35, p = 0.009). A ve B kan grubu taşıyan Covid-19 hastalarının oranı kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek bulunsa da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı (%44, %19.3, %16.6, p=0.123). COVİD 19 hastalarında O kan grubu taşıyan hastaların A kan grubu taşıyanlara göre daha düşük riskte bulundu (OR=0.732, OR=0.023, p=0.001). Covid -19 riski A ve B grubu taşıyan hastalarda O grubuna kıyasla daha fazla bulundu. (OR = 1.365, OR= 1.684, p = 0.023, p=0.001). Rh kan grup antigenleri hastalıkla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları; SARS-CoV 2 enfeksiyon riski O kan grubu taşıyan hastalarda daha düşük, A ve B kan grubu taşiyan hastalarda ise daha yüksek olup, ABO kan grubunun SARS-Cov-2 enfeksiyonu ile bağlantili olduğunu işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• SARS-COV-2
• Duyarlılık
• ABO kan grubu sistemi

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