Being a Medical Student in the Shadow of a Pandemic: Psychological Reactions of Medical Students in the COVID-19 Pandemic and their Views on Online Learning

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 486 - 496, 20.10.2022

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi , Suat Sincan , Zülal Özkurt , Mine Şahingöz , Kamber Kasalı , Mehmet Layık

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.986641

Öz

Objective: In this study, it is aimed to determine the psychological reactions of pre-clinical medical school students to the COVID-19 pandemic and their views on online learning.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 722 medical students. Data were collected with an online questionnaire between 20 and 27 December 2020. A data collection form including questions about sociodemographic characteristics, opinions about online learning, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and the Insomnia Severity Index scales was used.
Results: The mean age of the participants was found to be 20.7±1.6 years. 393 (54.4%) of them were women. 671 (92.9%) of the students stated that they were concerned about the disruption of their education due to the pandemic, and 76.3% (n=551) preferred the face-to-face education environment in their schools to the online learning environment. Of the students, 181 (25.1%) had symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 171 (23.6%) had symptoms of insomnia. The probability of posttraumatic stress disorder was higher in women than in men (OR=1.489, 95% CI=1.02-2.16; p=0.038). In those who have relatives who have contracted COVID-19, compared to those who have not (OR=1.489.95% CI=1.02-2.16; p=0.038), and those with an increased fear of COVID-19 transmission to their relatives were less likely to have PTSD symptoms than those with or without (OR=0.523, 95% CI=0.339-0.807; p=0.003). In addition, those who followed the news about COVID-19 from social media were more likely to have symptoms of PTSD in October than those who followed it from other sources (OR=0.662, 95% CI=0.461-0.951; p<0.001). The probability of PTSD symptoms was significantly higher in students who had high anxiety about the disruption of their education due to the pandemic than in those who had little or no (OR=1.310, 95% CI=1.111-1.543; p=0.001).
Conclusions: Medical students are experiencing the psychological effects of the pandemic and are seriously concerned about the disruption of their education.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medical Student, Online Learning, Post-Traumatic Stress, Insomnia, Covid-19 Pandemic

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

We would like to thank the students who participated in the study.

Pandeminin Gölgesinde Tıp Öğrencisi Olmak: Tıp Öğrencilerinin COVİD-19 Pandemisine Karşı Psikolojik Tepkileri Ve Uzaktan Eğitimle İlgili Görüşleri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, preklinik dönem tıp öğrencilerinin Covid-19 pandemisine karşı psikolojik tepkilerinin ve uzaktan eğitimle ilgili görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Gönüllü 722 öğrenci ile kesitsel bir çalışma yapıldı. Veriler 20-27 Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında, çevrimiçi bir anket aracılığıyla toplandı. Veri toplama aracı olarak sosyodemografik bilgiler ve uzaktan eğitimle ilgili görüşlere yönelik bir soru formu, Revize Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği ve Uykusuzluk Şiddeti Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 20,7±1,6 ve 393’ü (54,4%) kadındı. Öğrencilerin 671’i (92,9%) eğitimlerinin aksaması ile ilgili kaygılandığını, %76,3’ü (n=551) okullarındaki eğitim ortamını uzaktan eğitim ortamına tercih ettiğini belirtti. Öğrencilerin 181’inde (25,1%) travma sonrası stress hastalığı (PTSD) semptomları, 171’inde (23,6%) uykusuzluk semptomları bulunmaktaydı. Travma sonrası stres hastalığı olasılığı kadınlarda erkeklere göre (OR=1.489, 95% CI=1.02-2.16; p=0,038) daha fazlaydı. Covid-19’a yakalanan akrabası olanlarda olmayanlara göre (OR=1.489, 95% CI=1.02-2.16; p=0,038), yakınlarına Covid-19 bulaşma korkusu fazla olanlarda az olan veya olmayanlara göre (OR=0.523, 95% CI=0.339-0.807; p=0.003) PTSD semptom olasılığı daha fazlaydı. Ek olarak, Covid-19 ile ilgili haberleri sosyal medyadan takip edenler öğrencilerde diğer kaynaklardan takip edenlere göre (OR=0.662, 95% CI=0.461-0.951; p<0,001 PTSD semptom olasılığı daha yüksekti. Eğitimlerinin aksaması konusunda kaygıları fazla olan öğrencilerde, az olan veya olmayanlara göre PTSD semptom olasılığı anlamlı şekilde daha yüksekti (OR=1.310, 95% CI=1.111-1.543; p=0,001).
Sonuç: Tıp öğrencileri pandeminin psikolojik etkilerini yaşamakta, eğitimlerinin aksaması konusunda ciddi olarak kaygılanmaktadırlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tıp Öğrencisi, Uzaktan Eğitim, Travma Sonrası Stres, Uykusuzluk, Covid-19 Pandemisi

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

• Dong E, Du H, Gardner L. An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(5):533-4.
• Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): How is it transmitted? [Internet]. 2020 [cited 31.05.2021]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19-how-is-it-transmitted.
• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health DGoPH, Study of Scientific Board. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Infection) guidline. Ankara2020. Available from: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/goc_sagligi/covid19/rehber/COVID-19_Rehberi20200414_eng_v4_002_14.05.2020.pdf.
• COVID-19 Bilgilendirme Platformu. [Internet]. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2020. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/.
• WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2020.
• Bozkurt Y, Zeybek, Z , Aşkın, R COVİD-19 Pandemisi: Psikolojik Etkileri ve Teropatik Müdahaleler İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi , Bahar (Covid19-Özel Ek). 2020:304-18
• Weiss D, Marmar C. The Impact of Event Scale—Revised. W: Wilson J., Keane T.(red.). Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD: A handbook for practitioners. Guildford Press, New York; 1997.
• Çorapçıoğlu A, Yargıç İ, Geyran P, Kocabaşoğlu N, editors. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of “impact of event scale-revised”(IES-R). New Symposium; 2006; 44(1):14-22
• Morin CM, Belleville G, Bélanger L, Ivers H. The Insomnia Severity Index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep. 2011;34(5):601-8.
• Boysan M, Güleç M, Besiroglu L, Kalafat T. Uykusuzluk Siddeti Indeksi'nin Türk örneklemindeki psikometrik özellikleri. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2010;11(3):248.
• Rossi R, Socci V, Pacitti F, Di Lorenzo G, Di Marco A, Siracusano A, et al. Mental Health Outcomes Among Frontline and Second-Line Health Care Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Italy. Jama Netw Open. 2020;3(5).
• Forte G, Favieri F, Tambelli R, Casagrande M. COVID-19 pandemic in the Italian population: validation of a post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire and prevalence of PTSD symptomatology. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;17(11):4151.
• Song X, Fu W, Liu X, Luo Z, Wang R, Zhou N, et al. Mental health status of medical staff in emergency departments during the Coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in China. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;88:60-5.
• Li X, Fu P, Fan C, Zhu M, Li M. COVID-19 stress and mental health of students in locked-down colleges. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(2):771.
• Torun F, Torun SD. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students in Turkey. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1355-9.
• Arslan HN, Karabekiroglu A, Terzi O, Dundar C. The effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on physicians' psychological resilience levels. Postgrad Med. 2021;133(2):223-30.
• Mei S, Yu J, He B, Li J. Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin province. Med Soc (Berkeley). 2011;24(05):84-6.
• Wang S, Xie L, Xu Y, Yu S, Yao B, Xiang D. Sleep disturbances among medical workers during the outbreak of COVID-2019. Occupational Medicine. 2020;70(5):364-9.
• Wu K, Wei X. Analysis of Psychological and Sleep Status and Exercise Rehabilitation of Front-Line Clinical Staff in the Fight Against COVID-19 in China. Med Sci Monit Basic Res. 2020;26:e924085.
• Zhang C, Yang L, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Survey of insomnia and related social psychological factors among medical staff involved in the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2020;11:306.
• Zhang W-r, Wang K, Yin L, Zhao W-f, Xue Q, Peng M, et al. Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics. 2020;89(4):242-50.
• Safa F, Anjum A, Hossain S, Trisa TI, Alam SF, Rafi MA, et al. Immediate psychological responses during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi medical students. Children and Youth Services Review. 2021;122:105912.
• Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020;287:112934.
• Tang W, Hu T, Hu B, Jin C, Wang G, Xie C, et al. Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students. Journal of affective disorders. 2020;274:1-7.
• Balaban H, Semiz M, Şentürk İA, Kavakçı Ö, Cınar Z, Dikici A, et al. Migraine prevalence, alexithymia, and post-traumatic stress disorder among medical students in Turkey. The journal of headache and pain. 2012;13(6):459-67.
• Taghrir MH, Borazjani R, Shiraly R. COVID-19 and Iranian medical students; a survey on their related-knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perception. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2020;23(4):249-54.
• Ikhlaq A, Bint ERH, Bashir I, Ijaz F. Awareness and Attitude of Undergraduate Medical Students towards 2019-novel Corona virus. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(COVID19-S4):S32-S6.
• Chan TM, Dzara K, Dimeo SP, Bhalerao A, Maggio LA. Social media in knowledge translation and education for physicians and trainees: a scoping review. Perspect Med Educ. 2020;9(1):20-30.
• Guo YR, Cao QD, Hong ZS, Tan YY, Chen SD, Jin HJ, et al. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak - an update on the status. Mil Med Res. 2020;7(1):11.
• Wang Y, Di Y, Ye J, Wei W. Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, health & medicine. 2021;26(1):13-22.
• Dost S, Hossain A, Shehab M, Abdelwahed A, Al-Nusair L. Perceptions of medical students towards online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national cross-sectional survey of 2721 UK medical students. BMJ Open. 2020;10(11):e042378.
• Tian F, Li H, Tian S, Yang J, Shao J, Tian C. Psychological symptoms of ordinary Chinese citizens based on SCL-90 during the level I emergency response to COVID-19. Psychiatry research. 2020;288:112992.