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Fenomenolojik Niteliksel Bir Çalışma: Aile Hekimlerinin Yaşlı Yetişkinlerle Görüşme Deneyimleri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 241 - 248, 29.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1448584

Öz

Amaç: Yaşlanan nüfusa bağlı olarak yaşlı yetişkin sağlığı önem kazanmıştır. Aile hekimleri yaşlı sağlığında önemli rol üstlenmektedir. Bu çalışma, aile hekimlerinin yaşlı yetişkinlerle görüşme konusunda yaşadıkları zorlukları tanımlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Niteliksel, fenomenolojik bir metodoloji kullanılmıştır. Yazarlar 22 aile hekimi ile yarı yapılandırılmış üç odak grup görüşmesi yapmıştır. Kaydedilen görüşmeler yazıya dökülmüş ve tematik analiz uygulanmıştır
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 33,68±8,37 yıldır. Katılımcı hekimlerin meslek yılı ortalaması 8,77±8,26yıldır. Katılımcıların yedisi kadın, onbeşi erkektir. Üç tema ortaya çıkmıştır: (1) hastaya bağlı faktörler, (2) hekime bağlı faktörler ve (3) hekimin çareleri.
Sonuç: Yaşlı yetişkenlerle görüşmede olumlu ya da olumsuz yönler bulunmaktadır. Yaşanan zorlukları anlamak çözümü kolaylaştırabilir. Hekimler tıp fakültesi lisans ve mezuniyet sonrası müfredatı içinde yaşlı sağlığı eğitiminin bulunmadığını belirttiler. Bu konuda kendilerini yetersiz bulduklarını ve bu durumun kaygı yarattığını da dile getirdiler. Etkili iletişim, görüşme sırasında hem fiziksel hem de duygusal olarak önemlidir. Aslında iletişim ve aktif dinleme becerileri öğretilebilir ve yaşlı sağlığı konusunda mezuniyet sonrası eğitim düzenlenebilir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Wiltjer H, Kendall N. Assessment of older people 1: definition, principles and tools. Nursing Times [online] 2019;115(5):37-40.
  • 2. World Health Organization. Fact Sheet Ageing and health [internet]. Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2022 October [cited 2023 Feb 10] Available from: http://www. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health.
  • 3. Rudnicka E, Napierała P, Podfigurna A, Męczekalski B, Smolarczyk R, Grymowicz M. The World Health Organization (WHO) approach to healthy ageing. Maturitas. 2020;139:6-11.
  • 4. Junius-Walker U, Schleef T, Vogelsang U, Dierks ML. How older patients prioritise their multiple health problems: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19(1):362.
  • 5. Chamberlain S, Baik S, Estabrooks C. Going it Alone: A Scoping Review of Unbefriended Older Adults. Can J Aging. 2018;37(1):1-11.
  • 6. Garrard JW, Cox NJ, Dodds RM, Roberts HC, Sayer AA. Comprehensive geriatric assessment in primary care: a systematic review. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020;32(2):197-205.
  • 7. World Health Organization. Age-friendly primary health care centers toolkit [internet]. Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008 [cited 2023 Feb 10] Available from: https://extranet.who.int/agefriendlyworld/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/WHO-Age-friendly-Primary-Health-Care-toolkit.pdf.
  • 8. Tran HT, Leonard SD. Geriatric Assessment for Primary Care Providers. Prim Care. 2017;44(3):399-411.
  • 9. Godfrey M. Qualitative research in age and ageing: enhancing understanding of ageing, health and illness. Age Ageing. 2015;44(5):726-7.
  • 10. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 2006;3(2):77–101.
  • 11. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item check list for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349-57.
  • 12. Bazeley P. Qualitative data analysis: Practical strategies. Second Edition. London: Sage;2013.
  • 13. Welzel FD, Stein J, Hajek A, König HH, Riedel-Heller SG. Frequent attenders in late life in primary care: a systematic review of European studies. BMC Fam Pract. 2017;18(1):104.
  • 14. Kurczewska-Michalak M, Lewek P, Jankowska-Polańska B, Giardini A, Granata N, Maffoni M, et al. Polypharmacy Management in the Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Available Interventions. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:734045.
  • 15. Özçakar N, Kartal M, Hatipoglu S, Limnili G. A Qualitative Study of Elders' Views on Medicine Usage. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics. 2015;18(3): 205-10.
  • 16. Liu Y, Jiao D, Yang M, Cui M, Li X, Zhu Z, et al. Role of Multifaceted Social Relationships on the Association of Loneliness with Depression Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;11(1):124.
  • 17. Fakoya OA, McCorry NK, Donnelly M. Loneliness and social isolation interventions for older adults: a scoping review of reviews. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):129.
  • 18. Chu L, Lay JC, Tsang VHL, Fung HH. Attitudes Toward Aging: A Glance Back at Research Developments Over the Past 75 Years. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020;75(6):1125-9.
  • 19. Wanko Keutchafo EL, Kerr J, Jarvis MA. Evidence of nonverbal communication between nurses and older adults: a scoping review. BMC Nurs. 2020;19:53.
  • 20. Soulières M, Charpentier M. Are Older People Living Alone Socially Isolated? A Qualitative Study of Their Experiences. J Gerontol Soc Work. 2022;65(6):664-77.
  • 21. Hansson A, Svensson A, Ahlström BH, Larsson LG, Forsman B, Alsén P. Flawed communications: Health professionals' experience of collaboration in the care of frail elderly patients. Scand J PublicHealth. 2018;46(7):680-9.

A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 241 - 248, 29.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1448584

Öz

Objective: Due to the aging population, older adult health became important. Family physicians play an important role in the health of older adults. This study aims to identify the challenges family physicians experience in counselling older adults.
Method: A qualitative, phenomenological methodology was used. Authors conducted three semi-structured focus group interviews with 22 family physicians. The recorded interviews were transcribed, and thematic analysis was applied.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.68 ± 8.37. The mean professional years of the participating physicians were 8.77±8.26 years. Seven of the participants were women and fifteen were men. Three themes emerged: (1) patient-related factors, (2) physician-related factors, and (3) physician remedies.
Conclusion: There are positive and negative aspects to consulting older adults. Understanding the difficulties experienced can facilitate the solution. Physicians stated that there was no geriatrics training both in their medical school undergraduate and postgraduate curriculum. They also stated that they found themselves inadequate in this regard and that creates anxiety. Effective communication is important both physically and emotionally during the interview. In fact, communication and active listening skills can be taught and postgraduate training in geriatrics can be organized.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Wiltjer H, Kendall N. Assessment of older people 1: definition, principles and tools. Nursing Times [online] 2019;115(5):37-40.
  • 2. World Health Organization. Fact Sheet Ageing and health [internet]. Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2022 October [cited 2023 Feb 10] Available from: http://www. who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health.
  • 3. Rudnicka E, Napierała P, Podfigurna A, Męczekalski B, Smolarczyk R, Grymowicz M. The World Health Organization (WHO) approach to healthy ageing. Maturitas. 2020;139:6-11.
  • 4. Junius-Walker U, Schleef T, Vogelsang U, Dierks ML. How older patients prioritise their multiple health problems: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19(1):362.
  • 5. Chamberlain S, Baik S, Estabrooks C. Going it Alone: A Scoping Review of Unbefriended Older Adults. Can J Aging. 2018;37(1):1-11.
  • 6. Garrard JW, Cox NJ, Dodds RM, Roberts HC, Sayer AA. Comprehensive geriatric assessment in primary care: a systematic review. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020;32(2):197-205.
  • 7. World Health Organization. Age-friendly primary health care centers toolkit [internet]. Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008 [cited 2023 Feb 10] Available from: https://extranet.who.int/agefriendlyworld/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/WHO-Age-friendly-Primary-Health-Care-toolkit.pdf.
  • 8. Tran HT, Leonard SD. Geriatric Assessment for Primary Care Providers. Prim Care. 2017;44(3):399-411.
  • 9. Godfrey M. Qualitative research in age and ageing: enhancing understanding of ageing, health and illness. Age Ageing. 2015;44(5):726-7.
  • 10. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 2006;3(2):77–101.
  • 11. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item check list for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349-57.
  • 12. Bazeley P. Qualitative data analysis: Practical strategies. Second Edition. London: Sage;2013.
  • 13. Welzel FD, Stein J, Hajek A, König HH, Riedel-Heller SG. Frequent attenders in late life in primary care: a systematic review of European studies. BMC Fam Pract. 2017;18(1):104.
  • 14. Kurczewska-Michalak M, Lewek P, Jankowska-Polańska B, Giardini A, Granata N, Maffoni M, et al. Polypharmacy Management in the Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Available Interventions. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:734045.
  • 15. Özçakar N, Kartal M, Hatipoglu S, Limnili G. A Qualitative Study of Elders' Views on Medicine Usage. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics. 2015;18(3): 205-10.
  • 16. Liu Y, Jiao D, Yang M, Cui M, Li X, Zhu Z, et al. Role of Multifaceted Social Relationships on the Association of Loneliness with Depression Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;11(1):124.
  • 17. Fakoya OA, McCorry NK, Donnelly M. Loneliness and social isolation interventions for older adults: a scoping review of reviews. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):129.
  • 18. Chu L, Lay JC, Tsang VHL, Fung HH. Attitudes Toward Aging: A Glance Back at Research Developments Over the Past 75 Years. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020;75(6):1125-9.
  • 19. Wanko Keutchafo EL, Kerr J, Jarvis MA. Evidence of nonverbal communication between nurses and older adults: a scoping review. BMC Nurs. 2020;19:53.
  • 20. Soulières M, Charpentier M. Are Older People Living Alone Socially Isolated? A Qualitative Study of Their Experiences. J Gerontol Soc Work. 2022;65(6):664-77.
  • 21. Hansson A, Svensson A, Ahlström BH, Larsson LG, Forsman B, Alsén P. Flawed communications: Health professionals' experience of collaboration in the care of frail elderly patients. Scand J PublicHealth. 2018;46(7):680-9.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yaprak Selçuk 0000-0002-2461-6411

Gizem Limnili 0000-0002-2321-9182

Güzel Dişçigil 0000-0002-1612-2462

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ekim 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 25 Eylül 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Selçuk, Y., Limnili, G., & Dişçigil, G. (2024). A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults. Konuralp Medical Journal, 16(3), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1448584
AMA Selçuk Y, Limnili G, Dişçigil G. A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults. Konuralp Medical Journal. Ekim 2024;16(3):241-248. doi:10.18521/ktd.1448584
Chicago Selçuk, Yaprak, Gizem Limnili, ve Güzel Dişçigil. “A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults”. Konuralp Medical Journal 16, sy. 3 (Ekim 2024): 241-48. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1448584.
EndNote Selçuk Y, Limnili G, Dişçigil G (01 Ekim 2024) A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults. Konuralp Medical Journal 16 3 241–248.
IEEE Y. Selçuk, G. Limnili, ve G. Dişçigil, “A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults”, Konuralp Medical Journal, c. 16, sy. 3, ss. 241–248, 2024, doi: 10.18521/ktd.1448584.
ISNAD Selçuk, Yaprak vd. “A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults”. Konuralp Medical Journal 16/3 (Ekim 2024), 241-248. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1448584.
JAMA Selçuk Y, Limnili G, Dişçigil G. A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2024;16:241–248.
MLA Selçuk, Yaprak vd. “A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults”. Konuralp Medical Journal, c. 16, sy. 3, 2024, ss. 241-8, doi:10.18521/ktd.1448584.
Vancouver Selçuk Y, Limnili G, Dişçigil G. A Phenomenological Qualitative Study: Family Physicians Experiences of Consulting Older Adults. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2024;16(3):241-8.