BUSINESS INCUBATORS AS A TOOL FOR JOBS AND FIRM CREATION IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND FINDINGS FROM THE LITERATURE

Abstract

There are many support mechanisms for supporting newly established firms. Business incubators, one of them, are generally focused on supporting and promoting entrepreneurship, increasing employment through creating new job opportunities, enhancing local, regional and national R&D and innovativeness. The term of “incubator” is used to define supporting institutions to growth and survival of new firms. Business incubators are becoming a basic component of regional and national economic development strategies in many countries. In this study, the importance of business incubators in terms of local and regional economic development are discussed. Firstly, the concept of “business incubator” will be examined in terms of theoretical and conceptual perspective. Secondly, the importance of busines incubators for regional development will be mentioned. Then, some recommendations based on the findings of the literature will be presented for using busines incubators as a tools for regional development. 

Keywords

• Business Incubatırs,Firm Theory,Regional Development,Business Development Centers (ISGEMs)

BÖLGESEL GELİŞMEDE İSTİHDAM VE FİRMA YARATMA ARACI OLARAK İŞLETME KULUÇKALARI: KAVRAMSAL ÇERÇEVE VE LİTERATÜR BULGULARI

Öz

Yeni kurulan işletmelerin desteklenmesine yönelik pek çok destek mekanizması bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan birisi olan işletme kuluçkaları, genel olarak; yeni girişimlerin desteklenmesine, girişimciliğin teşvik edilmesine, yeni iş olanakları yaratılarak istihdamın arttırılmasına ve yerel-bölgesel-ulusal düzeyde AR-GE ve inovasyon kapasitesinin arttırılmasına odaklanmaktadır. Kuluçka ifadesi; yeni firmaların büyümesini ve hayatta kalmasını sağlayan destekleyici kurumları tanımlama için kullanılmaktadır. İşletme kuluçkaları, pek çok ülkede bölgesel ve ulusal ekonomik gelişme stratejilerinin temel bir bileşeni haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada; işletme kuluçkalarının yerel ve bölgesel ekonomik gelişme açısından önemi ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle; işletme kuluçkaları kavramsal ve kuramsal çerçevede açıklanacaktır. İkinci olarak, işletme kuluçkalarının bölgesel kalkınma açısından önemine değinilecektir. Ardından, işletme kuluçkalarının bölgesel gelişme aracı olarak kullanılması konusunda literatür taramasından elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda bazı öneriler sunulacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İşletme Kuluçkaları,Firma Teorisi,Bölgesel Kalkınma,İş Geliştirme Merkezleri (İŞGEM)

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