REÇETE EDİLEN ANTİBİYOTİK VE İLAÇ KULLANIMININ SOSYOEKONOMİK BELİRLEYİCİLERİ VE AİLE HEKİMLİĞİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Yanlış ve aşırı antibiyotik tüketiminin bireylerin sağlığı üzerinde doğrudan etkileri olduğu gibi, ülkelerin sınırlı sağlık hizmeti bütçelerini etkileyen dolaylı sonuçları da vardır. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler için ilaç ve antibiyotik tüketiminin belirleyicileri hakkında çok az kanıt bulunmaktadır. Aile hekimliği ile hekimlerin reçete ettiği antibiyotik tüketimi arasındaki ilişkiyi yıllar içinde incelemekteyiz. Ulusal temsiliyeti olan Türkiye Sağlık Araştırmalarını 2008-2012 yıllarını kapsayacak şekilde çalışmamızda kullanmaktayız. Reçete edilen antibiyotik ve ilaç kullanımını belirleyen faktörleri anlamak için En Küçük Kareler yöntemini uygulayarak çok değişkenli bir regresyon analizi kullanmaktayız. Bulgular, antibiyotik kullanım eğiliminin 2010'da düştüğünü ve 2008'e kıyasla 2012'de de düşmeye devam ettiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca aile hekimi ziyaretinin, Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programının amacı ile tutarsız olacak şekilde, antibiyotik kullanım olasılığını artırdığını gözlemlemekteyiz. Ancak, aile hekimi ziyareti ile antibiyotik kullanımı arasındaki pozitif ilişki yıllar geçtikçe zayıflamaktadır. Türkiye çeşitli önlemler almış ve antibakteriyel direnci bir dereceye kadar azaltmayı başarmış olsa da, antibiyotikler halen daha tedavi edici yöntemler arasında en çok başvurulan ilaç türü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Reçete edilmiş antibiyotik kullanımı
• reçete edilmiş ilaç kullanımı
• aile hekimliği
• sosyoekonomik belirleyenler

SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF PRESCRIPTION ANTIBIOTIC AND MEDICINE USE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH FAMILY MEDICINE

Abstract

Improper use and over-consumption of antibiotics have direct implications on the health of individuals as well as indirect consequences impacting limited health care budgets of countries. There is scarce evidence on the determinants of medicine and antibiotic consumption for developing nations. We examine the relationship between family medicine and physician-prescribed antibiotic consumption over the years. We use nationally representative Turkey's Health Surveys for the years 2008 through 2012. We employ a multivariate regression analysis by implementing the Ordinary Least Squares method to understand the factors which determine prescribed antibiotic and medicine use. Findings indicate that antibiotic utilization trend declines in 2010 and continue falling in 2012 as well compared to 2008. We also find that visiting family medicine increases the probability of antibiotic utilization, which is inconsistent with the aim of the Health Transformation Program. However, the positive relationship between the family medicine visit and antibiotic use weakened over the years. Although Turkey took several measures and succeeded to reduce antibacterial resistance to some extent, antibiotics are still the most resorted drug type among therapeutic groups.

Keywords

• Prescribed antibiotics utilization
• prescribed medicine utilization
• family medicine
• socioeconomic determinants

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