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ŞEHİR OTELLERİNDE ÜST DÜZEY YÖNETİCİ SEÇİMİNDE ÖNCELİKLİ GÖRÜLEN YETKİNLİKLERİN AHP YÖNTEMİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 682 - 703, 27.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.790614

Öz

İşletmeler faaliyetlerini uzun dönemli sürdürmek ve yoğun rekabet ortamında öne geçmek için yeteneklerini geliştirmelidirler. İşletme yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi, mevcut insan kaynaklarının işe uygun yetkinliklere sahip olmasıyla mümkündür. Bu sebeple işletme performansının artması için doğru yöneticiyi seçmek kritik kararlardan biridir ve otel yöneticisinin sahip olduğu yetkinlikler yönetim başarısını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Farklı yönetim sınıfları çeşitli yetkinlikler gerektirmektedir ve yetkinliklerin önem seviyeleri farklı kültürlere sahip ülkelerde değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de şehir otellerinde üst düzey otel yönetici adaylarında aranan en önemli yetkinliklerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında literatür taraması sonucu 33’ü teknik yetkinlik ve 38’i genel yetkinlik olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılan 71 yetkinlik bir araya getirilmiştir. Türkiye’de önemli bir turizm çekim merkezi haline gelmiş olan Eskişehir ilinde faaliyet gösteren altı otelin yöneticileri ve beş akademisyen, belirlenen yetkinlikleri hazırlanan anket yardımıyla değerlendirmişlerdir. Değerlendirilen yetkinliklerin Lawshe tekniği uygulanarak kapsam geçerlilik oranları hesaplanmış ve gerekli görülen yetkinlikler belirlenmiştir. Uzman değerlendirmeleri sonucunda, altı yetkinlik gereksiz, 65 yetkinlik ise gerekli olarak tespit edilmiştir. Gerekli görülen yetkilikler, 10 otel yöneticisinin değerlendirmesi sonucu AHP yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılarak sıralanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda teknik yetkinliklerden müşteri ilişkileri yönetimi ve finansal yönetim en önemli yetkinlikler olarak görülürken, genel yetkinlikler kategorisi içerisinde problem çözme ve kriz yönetimi en önemli yetkinlikler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Abu Kasim, N. A. ve Minai, B. (2009). Linking CRM strategy, customer performance measures and performance in the hotel industry. International Journal of Economics and Management, 3(2), 297-316.
  • Agut, S., Grau, R. ve Peiro, J. M. (2003). Competency needs among managers from spanish hotels and restaurants and their training demands. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 22(3), 281-295.
  • Avcı, N., (2015). Otel işletmelerinde yönetici yetkinliklerinin analizi: izmir örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 26(1), 7-16.
  • Baum, T. (1990). Competencies for hotel management: Industry expectations of education. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2(4).
  • Bayraktar, O. (2018). Çalışan yetkinliklerine kavramsal bir yaklaşım. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(33), 301-314.
  • Bharwani, S. ve Talib, P. (2017). Competencies of hotel general managers: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
  • Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Budak, G. (2016). Yetkinliğe dayalı insan kaynakları yönetimi, Nobel Yayınları, 3. Basım, Mart, 2016.
  • Brownell, J. (2004). Ingredients for success in career development. Hospitality Review, 22(2), 1.
  • Brownell, J. (2008). Leading on land and sea: Competencies and context. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27(2), 137-150.
  • Cheng, M. I., Dainty, A. R. ve Moore, D. R. (2003). The differing faces of managerial competency in Britain and America. Journal of Management Development.
  • Chung-Herrera, B. G., Enz, C. A. ve Lankau, M. J. (2003). Grooming future hospitality leaders: A competencies model. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44(3), 17-25.
  • Çatı, K., Koçoğlu, C. M. ve Gelibolu, L. (2010). Müşteri beklentileri ile müşteri sadakati arasındaki ilişki: beş yıldızlı bir otel örneği. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(1).
  • Çetinkaya, M. (2009). Yöneticilerin yönetsel yetkinlik algılamalarına ilişkin bir araştırma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 219-239.
  • Çimat, A. ve Bahar, O. (2003). Turizm sektörünün türkiye ekonomisi içindeki yeri ve önemi üzerine bir değerlendirme. Akdeniz Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi Dergisi, 3(6).
  • Çizel, B., Anafarta, N. ve Sarvan, F. (2007). An analysis of managerial competency needs in the tourism sector: the case of Turkey. Tourism Review, 62(2), 14-22.
  • Dweiri, F., Kumar, S., Khan, S. A., ve Jain, V. (2016). Designing an integrated AHP based decision support system for supplier selection in automotive industry. Expert Systems with Applications, 62, 273-283.
  • El-Adly, M. I. (2019). Modelling the relationship between hotel perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 50, 322-332.
  • Jeou-Shyan, H., Hsuan, H., Chih-Hsing, L., Lin, L. ve Chang-Yen, T. (2011). Competency analysis of top managers in the Taiwanese hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 1044-1054.
  • Kay, C. ve Russette, J. (2000). Hospitality-management competencies: Identifying managers' essential skills. Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly, 41(2), 52-63.
  • Kay, C. ve Moncarz, E. (2004). Knowledge, skills, and abilities for lodging management. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 45(3), 285-298.
  • Kay, C., ve Moncarz, E. (2007). Lodging management success: Personal antecedents, achievements, KSAs and situational influencers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 26(1), 33-48.
  • Kriegl, U. (2000). International hospitality management: Identifying important skills and effective training. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 41(2), 64-71.
  • Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
  • Le Deist, F.D. ve Winterton, J. (2005). What is competence? Human Resource Development International, 8 (1), 27–46.
  • Neuer Colburn, A. A., Grothaus, T., Hays, D. G. ve Milliken, T. (2016). A Delphi study and initial validation of counselor supervision competencies. Counselor Education and Supervision, 55(1), 2-15.
  • Pirnar, İ. (2014)., Specıfıcatıons for effective hotel managers: view of İzmir hotels' managers. Journal of Yaşar University, 9(33), 5583-5596.
  • Reinartz, W., Krafft, M. ve Hoyer, W. D. (2004). The customer relationship management process: Its measurement and impact on performance. Journal of marketing research, 41(3), 293-305.
  • Reynolds, J. ve Dolasinski, M. J. (2018). Hotel leadership competencies: Senior executive leader perspectives. Perspectives in Asian Leisure and Tourism, 4(1), 2.
  • Reza, K. ve Vassilis, S.M., 1988. Delphi hierarchy process (DHP): a methodology for priority setting derived from the Delphi method and analytical hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research 137, 347 –354.
  • Saaty, T. L. (1990). How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. European journal of operational research, 48(1), 9-26.
  • Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International journal of services sciences, 1(1), 83-98.
  • Saaty, T. L. (2007). The analytic hierarchy and analytic network measurement processes: applications to decisions under risk. European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 1(1), 122-196.
  • Siu, V. (1998). Managing by competencies—a study on the managerial competencies of hotel middle managers in Hong Kong. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 17(3), 253-273.
  • Suh, E., West, J. J. ve Shin, J. (2012). Important competency requirements for managers in the hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 11(2), 101-112.
  • Shum, C., Gatling, A. ve Shoemaker, S. (2018). A model of hospitality leadership competency for frontline and director-level managers: Which competencies matter more?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 74, 57-66
  • Supçiller, A. A. ve Çapraz, O. (2011). AHP-TOPSIS yöntemine dayalı tedarikçi seçimi uygulamasi. Ekonometri ve İstatistik e-Dergisi, (13), 1-22.
  • Tavitiyaman, P., Weerakit, N. ve Ryan, B. (2014), Leadership competencies for hotel general managers: the differences in age, education, and hotel characteristics, International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, Vol. 15 No. 2, 191-216.
  • Tas, R. F. (1988). Teaching future managers. The Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly, 29(2), 41-43.
  • Tas, R. E., LaBrecque, S. V. ve Clayton, H. R. (1996). Property-management competencies for management trainees. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 37(4), 90-96.
  • Testa, M. R. ve Sipe, L. (2012). Service-leadership competencies for hospitality and tourism management. International journal of hospitality management, 31(3), 648-658.
  • Timor,M. (2011). Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi, Türkmen Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Vargas, L. G. (1990). An overview of the analytic hierarchy process and its applications. European journal of operational research, 48(1), 2-8.

THE EVALUATION OF PRIOR COMPETENCIES ON THE SELECTION OF TOP MANAGERS IN CITY HOTELS BY USING AHP METHOD

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 682 - 703, 27.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.790614

Öz

Businesses must develop their ability in order to operate on a long-term basis and to stand out in an intense competitive environment. Developing business skills is possible only if the existing employees have the appropriate job competencies. Choosing the right manager is one of the critical decisions. Thus, the competencies of a hotel manager are important. The aim of this study is to determine the most important competences of the top hotel managers in city hotels in Turkey. Within the scope of the study 71 competencies, 33 technical competence and 38 general competences, were collected from literature. The validity ratios of the assessed competences were calculated by applying the Lawshe technique and the required competencies were determined. As a result of the expert evaluations, six competences were identified as unnecessary and 65 competencies were seen as required. Required competencies were weighted and ranked by AHP method in consequence of evaluation of 10 hotel managers. As a result of the study, customer relationship management and financial management were seen as the most important competencies from the technical competencies and problem solving and crisis management within the general competencies category emerged as the most important competencies.

Kaynakça

  • Abu Kasim, N. A. ve Minai, B. (2009). Linking CRM strategy, customer performance measures and performance in the hotel industry. International Journal of Economics and Management, 3(2), 297-316.
  • Agut, S., Grau, R. ve Peiro, J. M. (2003). Competency needs among managers from spanish hotels and restaurants and their training demands. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 22(3), 281-295.
  • Avcı, N., (2015). Otel işletmelerinde yönetici yetkinliklerinin analizi: izmir örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 26(1), 7-16.
  • Baum, T. (1990). Competencies for hotel management: Industry expectations of education. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2(4).
  • Bayraktar, O. (2018). Çalışan yetkinliklerine kavramsal bir yaklaşım. Istanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(33), 301-314.
  • Bharwani, S. ve Talib, P. (2017). Competencies of hotel general managers: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
  • Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Budak, G. (2016). Yetkinliğe dayalı insan kaynakları yönetimi, Nobel Yayınları, 3. Basım, Mart, 2016.
  • Brownell, J. (2004). Ingredients for success in career development. Hospitality Review, 22(2), 1.
  • Brownell, J. (2008). Leading on land and sea: Competencies and context. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27(2), 137-150.
  • Cheng, M. I., Dainty, A. R. ve Moore, D. R. (2003). The differing faces of managerial competency in Britain and America. Journal of Management Development.
  • Chung-Herrera, B. G., Enz, C. A. ve Lankau, M. J. (2003). Grooming future hospitality leaders: A competencies model. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44(3), 17-25.
  • Çatı, K., Koçoğlu, C. M. ve Gelibolu, L. (2010). Müşteri beklentileri ile müşteri sadakati arasındaki ilişki: beş yıldızlı bir otel örneği. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(1).
  • Çetinkaya, M. (2009). Yöneticilerin yönetsel yetkinlik algılamalarına ilişkin bir araştırma. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 219-239.
  • Çimat, A. ve Bahar, O. (2003). Turizm sektörünün türkiye ekonomisi içindeki yeri ve önemi üzerine bir değerlendirme. Akdeniz Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakultesi Dergisi, 3(6).
  • Çizel, B., Anafarta, N. ve Sarvan, F. (2007). An analysis of managerial competency needs in the tourism sector: the case of Turkey. Tourism Review, 62(2), 14-22.
  • Dweiri, F., Kumar, S., Khan, S. A., ve Jain, V. (2016). Designing an integrated AHP based decision support system for supplier selection in automotive industry. Expert Systems with Applications, 62, 273-283.
  • El-Adly, M. I. (2019). Modelling the relationship between hotel perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 50, 322-332.
  • Jeou-Shyan, H., Hsuan, H., Chih-Hsing, L., Lin, L. ve Chang-Yen, T. (2011). Competency analysis of top managers in the Taiwanese hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 1044-1054.
  • Kay, C. ve Russette, J. (2000). Hospitality-management competencies: Identifying managers' essential skills. Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly, 41(2), 52-63.
  • Kay, C. ve Moncarz, E. (2004). Knowledge, skills, and abilities for lodging management. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 45(3), 285-298.
  • Kay, C., ve Moncarz, E. (2007). Lodging management success: Personal antecedents, achievements, KSAs and situational influencers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 26(1), 33-48.
  • Kriegl, U. (2000). International hospitality management: Identifying important skills and effective training. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 41(2), 64-71.
  • Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
  • Le Deist, F.D. ve Winterton, J. (2005). What is competence? Human Resource Development International, 8 (1), 27–46.
  • Neuer Colburn, A. A., Grothaus, T., Hays, D. G. ve Milliken, T. (2016). A Delphi study and initial validation of counselor supervision competencies. Counselor Education and Supervision, 55(1), 2-15.
  • Pirnar, İ. (2014)., Specıfıcatıons for effective hotel managers: view of İzmir hotels' managers. Journal of Yaşar University, 9(33), 5583-5596.
  • Reinartz, W., Krafft, M. ve Hoyer, W. D. (2004). The customer relationship management process: Its measurement and impact on performance. Journal of marketing research, 41(3), 293-305.
  • Reynolds, J. ve Dolasinski, M. J. (2018). Hotel leadership competencies: Senior executive leader perspectives. Perspectives in Asian Leisure and Tourism, 4(1), 2.
  • Reza, K. ve Vassilis, S.M., 1988. Delphi hierarchy process (DHP): a methodology for priority setting derived from the Delphi method and analytical hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research 137, 347 –354.
  • Saaty, T. L. (1990). How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. European journal of operational research, 48(1), 9-26.
  • Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International journal of services sciences, 1(1), 83-98.
  • Saaty, T. L. (2007). The analytic hierarchy and analytic network measurement processes: applications to decisions under risk. European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 1(1), 122-196.
  • Siu, V. (1998). Managing by competencies—a study on the managerial competencies of hotel middle managers in Hong Kong. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 17(3), 253-273.
  • Suh, E., West, J. J. ve Shin, J. (2012). Important competency requirements for managers in the hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 11(2), 101-112.
  • Shum, C., Gatling, A. ve Shoemaker, S. (2018). A model of hospitality leadership competency for frontline and director-level managers: Which competencies matter more?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 74, 57-66
  • Supçiller, A. A. ve Çapraz, O. (2011). AHP-TOPSIS yöntemine dayalı tedarikçi seçimi uygulamasi. Ekonometri ve İstatistik e-Dergisi, (13), 1-22.
  • Tavitiyaman, P., Weerakit, N. ve Ryan, B. (2014), Leadership competencies for hotel general managers: the differences in age, education, and hotel characteristics, International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, Vol. 15 No. 2, 191-216.
  • Tas, R. F. (1988). Teaching future managers. The Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly, 29(2), 41-43.
  • Tas, R. E., LaBrecque, S. V. ve Clayton, H. R. (1996). Property-management competencies for management trainees. The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 37(4), 90-96.
  • Testa, M. R. ve Sipe, L. (2012). Service-leadership competencies for hospitality and tourism management. International journal of hospitality management, 31(3), 648-658.
  • Timor,M. (2011). Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi, Türkmen Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Vargas, L. G. (1990). An overview of the analytic hierarchy process and its applications. European journal of operational research, 48(1), 2-8.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Ertan İnan 0000-0002-6642-4813

Hilmi Yüncü 0000-0002-2876-004X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA İnan, H. E., & Yüncü, H. (2021). ŞEHİR OTELLERİNDE ÜST DÜZEY YÖNETİCİ SEÇİMİNDE ÖNCELİKLİ GÖRÜLEN YETKİNLİKLERİN AHP YÖNTEMİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 8(2), 682-703. https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.790614