Küresel Futbolun Siyasi Yüzü: İsrail-Filistin Çatışması Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu çalışma, küresel futbolun politik boyutlarını ve İsrail-Filistin çatışmasının futbol kamuoyunda yansımalarını incelemektedir. Futbol, sosyal kimlikleri ve politik duruşları ifade etmek için önemli bir platform görevi görmektedir. Araştırma, müsabakalar sırasında taraftar protestoları ve oyuncuların sosyal medyadaki tepkileri yoluyla futbolun barışa katkıda bulunma potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerini toplamak için doküman analizi veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, iki ana temayı ortaya koymaktadır: taraftarlar üzerindeki etki ve oyuncuların tutumları. Bu örnekler, futbolun sadece bir spor olmanın ötesinde, derin sosyal ve siyasi öneme sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, futbol çatışmalar sırasında toplumsal ifade için önemli bir araç haline gelmiş ve barışı teşvik etme potansiyeline sahip olmuştur. Çalışma, evrensel barışı teşvik etmede futbolun rolünü keşfetmek için daha fazla araştırma yapılmasını önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küresel futbol
• İsrail-Filistin Çatışması
• Sosyal medya

The Political Landscape of Global Football: An Analysis of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Abstract

This study explores the political dimensions of global football and the reflections of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict within the football community. Football serves as a significant platform for expressing social identities and political viewpoints. The research highlights football's potential to contribute to peace through fan protests during matches and players' reactions on social media. This study employs a case study design within qualitative research methods. Document analysis was used as the primary data collection tool. The findings reveal two main themes: the impact on fans and the attitudes of players. These examples demonstrate that football holds profound social and political significance beyond being merely a sport. In conclusion, football has become an important tool for social expression during conflicts and possesses the potential to promote peace. The study recommends further research to explore football's role in fostering universal peace.

Keywords

• Global football
• Israel-Palestine conflict
• Social media

References

1. Bagić Babac, M., & Podobnik, V. (2024). World-class sporting events as arenas of emotional eruptions on social media. Soccer & Society, 25(1), 92-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2023.2229743
2. Buran, A. (2015). Nitel araştırmada veri toplama. İçinde: Seggie ve Bayyurt (eds.), Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Teknikleri, Analizi ve Yaklaşımları. Ankara: Anı Publishing, 48.
3. Chettouh, M. (2024). The media coverage of arab football players in relation to their support for the palestinian cause (gaza) and its impact on public opinion-perspectives of physical education and sports students at ziane achour university. The excellence Journal in Sciences Techniques of Physical Activity and Sports. Vol:9. pp:306-321.
4. Cornelissen, S., & Swart, K. (2006). The 2010 Football World Cup as a political construct: the challenge of making good on an African promise. The Sociological Review, 54(2_suppl), 108-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2006.00656
5. Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (2th Ed.). USA: SAGE Publications.
6. Devidze, T., & Devidze, M. (2024). Palestıne-Israel Conflıct. The New Economist, 19(1), 46-2
7. Djordjević, I., & Pekić, R. (2018). Is there space for the left? Football fans and political positioning in Serbia. Soccer & Society, 19(3), 355-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2017.1333678
8. Doidge, M., Kossakowski, R., & Mintert, S. (2020). It’s only a game?: Centralising emotions in football fandom. In Ultras (pp. 43-67). Manchester University Press.DOI: https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526127631.00006

9. Ensonhaber, 2024. Filistin'e destek veren Karim Benzema için ilginç teklif: Vatandaşlıktan atalım, Acces date: 05.09.2024, Access adress: https://www.ensonhaber.com/kralspor/dunyadan-futbol/filistine-destek-veren-karim-benzema-icin-ilginc-teklif-vatandasliktan-atalim
10. Ensonhaber, 2024. Muhammed Salah'tan Filistin paylaşımı: Yeter artık, Acces date: 05.09.2024, Access adress: https://www.ensonhaber.com/kralspor/dunyadan-futbol/muhammed-salahtan-filistin-paylasimi-yeter-artik
11. Eurosport, 2024. Celtic taraftarının Filistin'e desteği sürüyor, Acces Date: 05.09.2024,Access adress: https://www.eurosport.com.tr/futbol/sampiyonlar-ligi/2016-2017/celtic-taraftarinin-filistin-e-destegi-suruyor_sto5734540/story.shtml
12. Fenton, A., Keegan, B. J., & Parry, K. D. (2023). Understanding sporting social media brand communities, place and social capital: A netnography of football fans. Communication & Sport, 11(2), 313-333. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479520986149
13. García, B., & Llopis-Goig, R. (2021). Supporters’ attitudes towards European football governance: Structural dimensions and sociodemographic patterns. Soccer & Society, 22(4), 372-387. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2020.1790356
14. Grix, J. and James, M. (2024). The politicisation of sport and the principle of political neutrality: a contradiction in terms?. The International Sports Law Journal, 24(1), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40318-024-00273-w
15. Kassimeris, C. (2024). Symbolic identities in football: a view from political science. Soccer&Society, 25(4-6),573-584. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2024.2332084
16. Levental, O., Carmi, U., & Lev, A. (2021). Jinx, control, and the necessity of adjustment: Superstitions among football fans. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 740645. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.740645
17. NTVHABER, Galatasaray taraftarından Filistin için anlamlı pankart, Access date: 05.09.2024, Access adress:https://www.ntv.com.tr/sporskor/galatasaray-taraftarindan-filistin-icin-anlamli pankart,FNBAglk6o0etpukD19baxA
18. Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. (M. Bütün & S. Beşir Demir, Trans Eds.). (in Turkish). Ankara: Pegem. 238.
19. Poulton, E. (2021). Collective identity and forms of abuse and discrimination in football fan culture: A case study on antisemitism. In Football and Discrimination (pp. 11-34). Routledge.
20. Power, M. J., Widdop, P., Parnell, D., Carr, J., & Millar, S. R. (2020). Football and politics: the politics of football. Managing Sport and Leisure, 25(1-2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1723437
21. Price, J., Farrington, N., & Hall, L. (2013). Changing the game? The impact of Twitter on relationships between football clubs, supporters and the sports media. Soccer & Society, 14(4), 446-461. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2013.810431
22. Saad, H. B., & Dergaa, I. (2023). Public health in peril: assessing the impact of ongoing conflict in Gaza Strip (Palestine) and advocating immediate action to halt atrocities. New Asian Journal of Medicine, 1(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.najm.1.2.1
23. Spaaij, R., & Viñas, C. (2017). Political ideology and activism in football fan culture in Spain: a view from the far left. In: Fan Culture in European Football and the Influence of Left Wing Ideology (pp. 79-96). Routledge.
24. T24, 2024. Şampiyonlar Ligi sahnesinde, Real Sociedad taraftarından Filistin'e destek: "Kan" kaplı beyaz kıyafetlerle bayrak açtılar, Erişim Tarihi: 05.09.2024, Erişim Adresi: https://t24.com.tr/haber/sampiyonlar-ligi-sahnesinde-real-sociedad-taraftarindan-filistin-e-destek-kan-kapli-beyaz-kiyafetlerle-bayrak-actilar,1138283#google_vignette
25. Tovar, J. (2021). Soccer, World War II and coronavirus: a comparative analysis of how the sport shut down. Soccer & Society, 22(1-2), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2020.1755270
26. Zaimakis, Y. (2018). Football fan culture and politics in modern Greece: the process of fandom radicalization during the austerity era. Soccer & Society, 19(2), 252-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2016.1171214