Intraspecific Shape Analysis of Bali Sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) Using Geometric Morphometrics Collected in the Coast of Cabadbaran, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 495 - 504, 31.12.2023

Cresencio Cabuga Jr , Jojean Marie Pondang , Roy Pıloton , Aibie Jel Cornıtes , Penelope Ejada , Mafi Kamille Angco , Owen Lloyd P. Obenza

https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1321082

Abstract

Modern techniques are often applied to analyze the body shape differences among biological organisms. Also, taxonomy and systematics are two essential fields of Biology concerning shape discrimination. This study aims to identify the shape variations of Sardinella lemuru (Bali sardinella) using Symmetry Asymmetry Geometric Data (SAGE) Software Application. A total of 70 fish samples consisting of 35 males and 35 females were collected in Barangay Caasinan, Cabadbaran, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines. Standard laboratory procedures were done and fish samples were subjected to the analysis. Procrustes ANOVA revealed a highly significant difference (P<0.0001) among the components analyzed (individuals, sides, and individuals vs. sides). This implied that each of the fish samples exhibited different body shapes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) obtained a high rate of Interaction/Fluctuating Asymmetry (76.79%) in males when compared to female samples (74.08%). The shape dissimilarities within the populations were associated with genetic components, ecological adaptations-swimming, predator escape, and resource competition. Thus, the present study identified shape disparity within the fish populations. The development of employing modern techniques enhances scientific methods to quantify shape dissimilarities among species individuals and assemblages.

Keywords

Body shape, Caraga, Fish, Landmarks, Marine ecosystem, Phenotypes

Ethical Statement

For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

Supporting Institution

Department of Education, Division of Cabadbaran City, Philippines

Thanks

The authors would like to extend their gratitude to the Department of Education, Division of Cabadbaran City for funding the study during the sampling and laboratory procedures.

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