Biological control of sesame moth and tobacco whitefly in Antalya sesame fields

Year 2023, , 109 - 115, 04.12.2023

Hasan Part , İsmail Karaca

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.1327381

Abstract

Sesame moth and tobacco whitefly cause significant damage to sesame plants, especially in the second-period sesame cultivation areas, if early intervention is not implemented. This greatly reduces efficiency. Chemical control is generally preferred for these pests in Türkiye. Today, the use of chemical control creates many harmful results. Therefore, in our study, the aim is to use biological control agents and preparations as an alternative to chemical control. In this study, applications of Nostalgist Bl biological insecticide containing 1.5% Beauveria bassiana strain Bb-1 1x108 CFU mil-1 spores, Nimbecidine biological insecticide containing 0.3 g L-1 Azadirachtin active ingredient, and Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) an egg parasitoid and activities were determined. The application area (2 da) was divided into 3 blocks; each block was named with the letters A, B, and C. Each block was divided into four parcels. The above applicatios and biological insecticides were applied separately in each parcel, including the control parcels in each block. In the counts made according to the application results, there was a significant decrease in whitefly eggs and nymphs on the leaf surface. A very significant decrease was observed in the populations per plant in the sesame moth larvae counts. The highest efficiency was obtained with Nimbecidine and Nostalgist applications. The yield was moderate in the plots with parasitoid application.

Keywords

Azadirachtin, Beauveria bassiana, Sesame moth, Tobacco whitefly, Trichogramma evanescens

References

• Akdaş A, Kalkar Güven Ö, Karaca İ (2020) Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana Isolates Made from Subculture on Spodoptera littoralis. Turkish Journal of Biological Control 11(2): 175-187.
• Anonymous (2008) Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Agricultural Struggle Technical Instructions. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TAGEM/Belgeler/Teknik%20tal%C4%B1matlar%202008/C%C4%B0LT%202.pdf. 200-202 Accessed 07 December, 2022.
• Ashley J (1993) Oil Seeds. In Dry Land Farming in Africa. J.R.J. Rowland (eds.), pp. 240-242.
• Atakisi İK (1991) Oil Crops Cultivation and Breeding Trakya University. Tekirdağ Faculty of Agriculture. Lesson Book 10, Puplication 11, Publication No 148, pp. 181.
• Bodenheimer FS (1958) A Study on Insects Harm ful to Agriculture and Trees in Türkiye and Combating Them. Bayur Printing House. https://kutuphane.tarimorman.gov.tr/pdf_goster?file=9d14b062069bc02ddfafaa2889cb1511#book/217. Accessed 07 December, 2022.
• Cırbın İ, Güven Ö, Karaca İ (2017) Some entomopathogenic fungi have Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Determination of their effect on their larvae. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University 34(3): 159-165.
• Coşkuntuncel S (1995) Determination of Mass Release Activity and Natural Parasitization Rate of Egg parasitoid (Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Biological Control of Corn worm (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Çukurova. Master Thesis, Çukurova University, Institute of Science and Technology, Adana.
• Çeribaşı N (2001) Research on the effectiveness of Azadirachtin against some vegetable pests. Master's Thesis, Akdeniz University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Plant Protection, Antalya.
• Ferizli AG (1997) Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) Spodoptera littoralis Boisd of Sdrains. (Lep: Noctuidae) Investigations on Some Plants. Ph.D. Thesis, Ankara University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Plant Protection, Ankara.
• Kılıç E (2006) Determination of the potentials of the isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, 1826 (Hyphomycetes: Deuteromycotina) in biological control with tobacco whitefly [Bemisia tabaci Gennedius, 1936 (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)]. Ph.D. Thesis, Atatürk University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Erzurum.
• MATSO (2020) Manavgat Golden Sesame is Registered With Geographical Indication. https://www.matso.org.tr/haberler/gungor-manavgat-altin-susami-cografi-isaret-ile-tescillendi.html. Accessed 07 December, 2022.
• IBM SPSS (2008) Base 10.0 Application Guide. SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA.
• Tan AŞ (2015) Sesame Farming. Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. Aegean Agricultural Research Institute Publications.https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/etae/Belgeler/EgitimBrosur/135-ciftcibro.pdf. Accessed 07 December, 2022.
• TUIK (2022) Crop Production Statistics.https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr. Cereals and Other Plant Products, Select Breakdown, Breakdowns, Sesame. Accessed 07 December, 2022.
• Tukey JW (1949) Comparing Individual Means in the Analysis of Variance. Biometrics 5(2): 99-114.
• Ulusoy M (2016) Investigation of the Effect of Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana (bals.-criv.) vuill spores on Some Harmful Insects. Master's Thesis, Hacettepe University, Department of Biology, Ankara.
• Zümreoğlu S, Akbulut N (1988) Research on pests seen in the second crop sesame plantations of the Aegean Region. Turkish Journal of Entomology 12(1): 39-48.