Etlik piliçlerde embriyonun erken ve geç gelişim dönemlerinde yapılan yüksek ısıl uygulamaların büyüme özelliklerine etkileri

Abstract

Yapılan ıslah çalışmalarıyla ticari etlik piliç hibritlerinin büyüme hızları ve kas gelişimleri önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Hızlı büyüme ve kas gelişiminde gerçekleşen bu ilerlemeler, yüksek ısıl koşullarda metabolizmanın ısıl düzenlemesini sağlayan mekanizmada da önemli değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Kuluçka süresince uygulanan düşük veya yüksek ısıl uygulamayla kazanılan epigenetik adaptasyon sayesinde, çıkıştan sonraki dönemde vücudun ısı düzenleme sistemine düşük veya yüksek ısıya karşı savunma yeteneği kazandırılabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada, etlik piliçlerde embriyonun erken ve geç gelişim dönemlerinde yapılan yüksek ısıl uygulamalarının büyüme özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla etlik piliçlerin büyüme örnekleri Gompertz doğrusal olmayan regresyon modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Ergin yaş ağırlığını temsil eden β₀ parametresi bakımından deneme grupları ve cinsiyet grupları arasında önemli farklılıklar saptanmıştır (P<0.05). Kontrol, geç ve erken embriyonik dönem gruplarındaki piliçler için β₀ parametrelerine ait ortalama değerler sırasıyla 3952.28 g, 4044.45 g ve 4010.09 g olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Yine β₀ parametresi bakımından en yüksek ortalama erken embriyonik dönem grubunun erkeklerinde (4560.75 g), en düşük ortalama ise kontrol grubundaki dişilerde (3603 g) tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre erken ve geç embriyonik dönemlerde yapılan yüksek ısıl uygulamalar Gompertz fonksiyonunun parametre tahminlerini önemli derecede etkilemiştir.

Keywords

• Etlik piliç,Gompertz büyüme modeli,Büyüme eğrisi,Isıl uygulama

Effects of high thermal manipulations during early and late embryogenesis on growth characteristics of broilers

Abstract

Genetic selection has significantly improved the growth rate and muscle development of fast-growing broiler chickens. Rapid growth rate and improved muscle tissue have presented broiler chickens with serious difficulties when called on to thermoregulation efficiently in hot environmental conditions. Altering the incubation temperature and humidity may induce an improvement in the acquisition of thermo tolerance. During the incubation period, lower or higher incubation thermals alter postnatal thermoregulatory systems by inducing epigenetic adaptation to postnatal low or high environmental heat. The aim of this study was carried out to investigate the effects of high thermal manipulations during early and late embryogenesis on growth characteristics of broilers. With this aim, the Gompertz nonlinear regression model was fitted to growth patterns of broiler chickens in each group. Significant differences were found in terms of β₀ parameter which representing the mature body weight in both treatment groups and genders (P<0.05). Mean values of the β₀ parameters for control, late and early groups were estimated as 3952.28 g, 4044.45 g and 4010.09 g, respectively. Also, the highest average value in point of the parameter β₀ was found in the early embryonic group for male (4560.75 g), in contrast, lowest average value was determined in the control group for female (3603). According to the results, high thermal manipulations during early and late embryogenesis periods significantly affected parameter estimates of Gompertz function.

Keywords

• Broiler,Gompertz growth model,Growth curve,Thermal manipulation

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