Determination and identification of powdery mildews on domestic, wild and commercial cucurbits

Abstract

Cucurbits are crucial vegetable groups significantly produce in Turkey and world-wide. Powdery mildew (PM) pathogens cause economic losses in cucurbits production areas. There are not studies on resistant cucurbit varieties against to PM disease caused byPodosphaera xanthii and Golovinomyces cichoracearum. The aim of this study is to identify genetically resistant plants from landraces, wild and commercial cucurbits such as pumpkin, melon, watermelon, cucumber collected between West and East Mediterranean regions of Turkey. The PM agents were maintained on susceptible cucumber variety, Baccara. The maintained PM pathogen is identified as Podosphaera xanthii in microscopic, morphological and molecular studies. A total of 34 local, wild and commercial cucurbit species were inoculated with P. xanthi. The inoculated cucurbit plants were examined by trypan blue, diamino benzidine and 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocynin iodide (DiOC6) staining methods during first 3 days post inoculation (dpi). On the other 7th, 14th and 21st dpi, disease developments were scored according disease scale, susceptible and resistant cucurbits’ genotypes were found. The pathogenicity test results revealed that VT18, Meltem F1, Poyraz F1 and 348 commercial cucumber varieties and Adana courgette, Kaledran cucumber 1 and Kaledran cucumber 2 landraces were the most resistant cucurbit genotypes. However, these pathogenicity tests have also resulted Kaledran melon 2 was the most susceptible landrace genotype against P. xanthii. In future studies, these resistant local, wild, and commercial genotypes will be able to use against destructive PM pathogens as sources of resistance.

Keywords

• Cucurbits
• Powdery mildew diseases
• Podosphaera xanthii
• Galovinomyces cichoracearum
• Resistance

Yerel, yabani ve ticari kabakgillerde külleme hastalık etmenlerinin belirlenmesi, tanılanması ve dayanıklılığın araştırılması

Abstract

Kabakgiller Türkiye’de ve dünyada yoğun üretimi yapılan bir sebze grubudur. Külleme hastalıkları, kabakgil üretiminde ekonomik kayıplara neden olan hastalıkların başında gelmektedir. Günümüzde kabakgil külleme etmenleri; Podosphaera xanthii ve Golovinomyces cichoracearum türlerine karşı dayanıklı çeşitler konusunda yapılmış çalışmalar bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Batı Akdeniz ile Doğu Akdeniz arasında yetişen yerel, yabani ve ticari su kabağı, acur, kavun, karpuz, hıyar, sakız kabağı, bal kabağı gibi çeşitli kabakgillerin genetik dayanıklılığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada kabakgillerde verim kaybına neden olan, külleme hastalık etmenleri Podosphaera xanthii ve Golovinomyces cichoracearum türleri hassas hıyar çeşidi (Baccara) üzerinde kültüre alınmıştır. Kültüre alınan külleme etmeni üzerinde yapılan morfolojik, mikroskobik ve moleküler çalışmalar sonucunda patojen Podosphaera xanthii olarak tanımlanmıştır. Hastalık etmeni P. xanthi ile inokule edilen toplam 34 yerel, yabani ve ticari kabakgil çeşidi inokulasyondan sonraki ilk 3 gün boyunca mikroskopta trypan blue, diamino benzidine ve 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocynin iodide (DiOC6) boyama yöntemleriyle incelenmiştir. Sonraki 7., 14. ve 21. günlerde bitkiler üzerindeki hastalık gelişimleri skorlanarak dayanıklı ve hassas kabakgiller bulunmuştur. Yapılan patojeniste testleri sonucunda VT18, Meltem F1, Poyraz F1 ve 348 ticari hıyar çeşitleri ile Adana kabak, Kaledran hıyar 1 ve Kaledran hıyar 2 yerel çeşitleri en dayanıklı kabakgiller olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmada Kaledran kavun 2 yerel çeşidi P. xanthii’ye karşı en hassas bitki olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalarda, külleme etmeni P. xanthii’ye karşı dayanıklı olarak bulunan yerel, yabani ve ticari genotipler gelecekteki ıslah çalışmaları için dayanıklılık kaynağı olarak kullanılabilecektir.

Keywords

• Kabakgiller
• Külleme hastalıkları
• Podosphaera xanthii
• Golovinomyces cichoracearum
• Dayanıklılık

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